Add element access, iteration, values, and JSON pointers to json_view

Give basic_json_view the read-only access functions of basic_json:
operator[] and at() with keys and indices, front()/back(), find(),
contains(), count(), begin()/end() and cbegin()/cend(), items()
with structured bindings from C++17 on, and type_name().

Exceptions have the ids and messages of the const functions of
basic_json. Where basic_json has undefined behavior the view
answers safely: operator[] with a missing key or an out-of-range
index returns a discarded view, and front()/back() of an empty
container throw invalid_iterator.214. Objects are iterated in
document order, and all members are visited; duplicate-key lookups
find the first member (as yyjson and simdjson do), while parse(),
materialize(), and the map conversions keep the last value, as
parse() does. Keys of up to 16 bytes are compared with two
overlapping loads.

Add value conversions: get<T>()/get_to() for arithmetic types,
bool, nullptr_t, strings (std::basic_string copied,
string_view_t without a copy), BasicJsonType, views, std::vector,
and maps with string keys; get_string() for the string without a
copy; number_token() for the number exactly as written in the
source; value() with keys and JSON pointers; and operator[]/at()/
contains() with JSON pointers. Everything else, including types
with from_json(), goes through materialize() of that subtree.
get<T>() of arithmetic types is inlined down to the conversion, so
reading an integer needs no call.

detail::json_pointer_access exposes a pointer's reference tokens
to code outside basic_json.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>

docs/mkdocs/docs/api/basic_json_view/index.md

@@ -19,9 +19,12 @@ to the document and a pointer into its index), trivially copyable. A view is val
 Moving the document itself does not invalidate its views: the index is heap-allocated independently of the
 `basic_json_document` object.
 
-`basic_json_view` provides the read-only part of the `BasicJsonType` interface: the type-inspection functions, and
-[`materialize()`](materialize.md) to build the `BasicJsonType` value of a subtree on demand. It does not (yet) provide
-element access, iteration, `get<T>()`, JSON Pointer support, `dump()`, or comparison.
+`basic_json_view` provides the read-only part of the `BasicJsonType` interface: the type-inspection functions, element
+access, lookup, iteration, and conversion -- [`get<T>()`](get.md), [`get_string()`](get_string.md),
+[`number_token()`](number_token.md), and [`materialize()`](materialize.md) to build the `BasicJsonType` value of a
+subtree on demand. [`operator[]`](operator%5B%5D.md), [`at`](at.md), [`contains`](contains.md), and
+[`value`](value.md) also accept a [`json_pointer`](../json_pointer/index.md). It does not (yet) provide `dump()` or
+comparison.
 
 ## Template parameters
 
@@ -41,6 +44,9 @@ element access, iteration, `get<T>()`, JSON Pointer support, `dump()`, or compar
   member types of `BasicJsonType`
 - **size_type** - `#!cpp std::size_t`
 - **string_view_t** - `#!cpp std::string_view` on C++17 and newer, a minimal internal substitute otherwise
+- **iterator**, **const_iterator** - a forward iterator over the elements of an array or the member values of an
+  object, in document order; both names refer to the same type, since a view is always read-only
+- **item** - a (key, value) pair produced by [`items()`](items.md)
 
 ## Member functions
 
@@ -49,6 +55,7 @@ element access, iteration, `get<T>()`, JSON Pointer support, `dump()`, or compar
 ### Object inspection
 
 - [**type**](type.md) - return the type of the value
+- [**type_name**](type_name.md) - return the type as string
 - [**is_null**](is_null.md) - return whether the value is null
 - [**is_boolean**](is_boolean.md) - return whether the value is a boolean
 - [**is_number**](is_number.md) - return whether the value is a number
@@ -64,6 +71,28 @@ element access, iteration, `get<T>()`, JSON Pointer support, `dump()`, or compar
 - [**is_discarded**](is_discarded.md) - return whether the view is invalid
 - [**operator bool**](operator_bool.md) - return whether the view refers to a value
 
+### Element access
+
+- [**at**](at.md) - access specified element with bounds checking
+- [**operator[]**](operator[].md) - access specified element
+- [**value**](value.md) - access specified element with default value
+- [**front**](front.md) - access the first element
+- [**back**](back.md) - access the last element
+
+### Lookup
+
+- [**find**](find.md) - find an element in an object
+- [**count**](count.md) - returns the number of occurrences of a key in an object
+- [**contains**](contains.md) - check the existence of an element in an object
+
+### Iterators
+
+- [**begin**](begin.md) - returns an iterator to the first element
+- [**cbegin**](cbegin.md) - returns a const iterator to the first element
+- [**end**](end.md) - returns an iterator to one past the last element
+- [**cend**](cend.md) - returns a const iterator to one past the last element
+- [**items**](items.md) - wrapper to access iterator member functions in range-based for
+
 ### Capacity
 
 - [**size**](size.md) - return the number of elements
@@ -71,6 +100,10 @@ element access, iteration, `get<T>()`, JSON Pointer support, `dump()`, or compar
 
 ### Conversion
 
+- [**get**](get.md) - get a value
+- [**get_to**](get_to.md) - get a value and write it to a destination
+- [**get_string**](get_string.md) - get a string value without a copy
+- [**number_token**](number_token.md) - get a number's token text without a copy
 - [**materialize**](materialize.md) - build the `BasicJsonType` value of this subtree
 
 ### Source access