Commit Graph

5238 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Niels Lohmann
83d72fd7a7 Add dump() to json_view
basic_json_view::dump(indent, indent_char, ensure_ascii, number_format)
writes the text of a value as ordered_json::parse(text).dump() writes it
for the same arguments: members in document order (all of them, should a
key occur more than once), strings escaped by the same rules and with the
library's scanning kernels, floats with the library's conversion, and
integers copied from the source, where they are canonical except "-0".
With number_format::source, numbers are copied as they appear in the
source ("1.50", "1E2", "-0", all digits of long integers). operator<<
takes the indentation from the stream width, as for basic_json.

The writer (detail/view/serializer.hpp) writes through a raw pointer into
a string sized from the source extent of the value, and walks the index
iteratively, so the nesting depth is limited by memory only.

Tests compare the output of 2,000 generated documents with
ordered_json::dump() for several indentations and ensure_ascii, strings
with every kind of escape, numbers (5,000 random doubles, float as
number_float_t), duplicate keys, 100,000 levels of nesting, and streams.
ViewDump joins the benchmarks.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 21:01:42 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
da971a52c8 Fix CI: useless cast in the array index check of the view's JSON pointers
GCC -Werror=useless-cast on Linux x86-64 rejected
static_cast<std::uint64_t>((std::numeric_limits<std::size_t>::max)()),
as both are the same type there. Compare without the cast: std::size_t
converts to std::uint64_t implicitly on every platform.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 21:01:41 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
4c6a64507b Fix CI: value-initialize a const json_view for clang 3.6
clang 3.6 rejects `const json_view invalid;` (no user-provided default
constructor, CWG 253), as fixed in json-view/10-view-document.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 21:01:40 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
c62aa8ac67 Fix CI: json_view value tests without exceptions and with GCC
- ci_test_noexceptions: exception_of() and without_path() exist only
  with exceptions (they catch outside a CHECK_THROWS, which aborts with
  JSON_NOEXCEPTION); compile the comparisons of the conversion, value(),
  and JSON pointer errors only with exceptions as well.
- ci_test_gcc: -Werror=unused-result for static_cast<void>(j.contains(p))
  (GCC's warn_unused_result ignores a cast to void); store the result.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 21:01:40 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
a7256deba3 Inline get() of arithmetic values of json_view
get<T>() of arithmetic types is inlined down to the conversion, so that
its checks of the node kind merge with those of the caller, and reading
an integer needs no call. Traversing every value: citm_catalog -6%,
marine_ik -5%, numbers and twitter -3%, mesh -2.5%, canada -1% (and
more above the float conversion from the digit layout: citm_catalog
-14%, marine_ik -11%).

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 21:01:39 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
3a4eddf4ac Address the clang-tidy findings of values and JSON pointers
get_string() and number_token() return braced lists; the test compares
floats by their bit patterns instead of with memcmp, uses std::any_of, and
marks a fixed seed, a default member initializer (needed by GCC's
-Weffc++), and a string search.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 21:01:38 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
43e2d9c525 Document values and JSON pointers of json_view
- API pages for get, get_to, get_string, number_token, and value of
  basic_json_view; JSON pointer overloads of operator[], at, and
  contains; links both ways with the basic_json pages
- the feature page describes which conversions copy nothing
- the examples show when the view helps: strings without copies, numbers
  exactly as written, and paths into a large text

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 21:01:37 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
0650a48659 Add values and JSON pointers to json_view
basic_json_view gains get<T>(), get_to(), value() with keys and JSON
pointers, and operator[], at(), and contains() with JSON pointers, plus
two functions basic_json has no counterpart for:

- get_string(): the string without a copy (a string_view into the source,
  or into the decoded strings for strings with escapes)
- number_token(): the text of a number as it appears in the source

get<T>() converts arithmetic types, strings (also string_view_t),
std::nullptr_t, std::vector, maps with string keys, and views directly;
floats are converted from the digit layout recorded by the parser with the
library's conversion chain, so the values are bit-identical to parse().
Other types, including user types with from_json(), go through
materialize().

The exceptions are those of basic_json, message included. Where const
basic_json has undefined behavior (a missing key or an index out of range
with operator[] and a JSON pointer), the result is a discarded view;
value() returns the default wherever basic_json catches out_of_range, and
contains() never throws. Array indices of JSON pointers follow
json_pointer's rules (parse_error.106/109, out_of_range.404/410).

Tests compare the conversions of 2,000 generated documents, 20,000 float
tokens (double and float, bit for bit), and every JSON pointer of 1,000
documents with basic_json, and the exceptions for malformed pointers.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 21:01:36 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
29bb5c48b8 Give code outside basic_json the reference tokens of a json_pointer
detail::json_pointer_access returns the reference tokens of a pointer, so
that code resolving pointers without a basic_json value (such as the
zero-copy view) does not have to parse to_string() again. No change in
behavior.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 21:01:35 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
e17e23a2b1 Fix CI: json_view access tests without exceptions and on clang 3.6
- ci_test_noexceptions: the element access tests compare the exceptions
  of json_view and basic_json through exception_of(), which catches them
  outside a CHECK_THROWS; with JSON_NOEXCEPTION the first one aborted the
  test. Compile those comparisons only with exceptions.
- clang 3.6: value-initialize a const json_view, as in the tests of
  json-view/10-view-document.
- Format three new documentation examples with the pinned astyle, which
  the "check" job runs once it gets past the amalgamation step.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 21:01:34 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
c2d7177d30 Address the clang-tidy findings of element access and iteration
Marks the default initializer of the item's index string (needed by GCC's
-Weffc++) and, in the test, an escaped literal and a comparison of find()
with end(), which is what the test is about.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 21:01:33 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
08dcdaf9b8 Document element access, lookup, and iteration of json_view
- API pages for operator[], at, front, back, find, contains, count,
  begin, end, cbegin, cend, items, and type_name of basic_json_view,
  linked both ways with the basic_json pages
- the feature page and size() describe document order and duplicate
  keys
- the examples show when the view helps: reading a few fields of a large
  text, probing optional members, and members in source order

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 21:01:33 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
7dae258350 Add element access, lookup, and iteration to json_view
basic_json_view gains the read-only access functions of basic_json:
operator[] and at() with keys and indices, front(), back(), find(),
contains(), count(), begin()/end(), items() (with structured bindings from
C++17 on), and type_name(). They throw the exceptions (ids and messages)
that the const functions of basic_json throw; where basic_json has
undefined behavior (operator[] with a missing key or an index out of
range, front()/back() of an empty container), the view returns a
discarded view or throws invalid_iterator.214.

Objects are iterated in document order, and all members are visited. With
duplicate keys, lookups find the first member, so that a lookup can stop
at the first match; parse() keeps the last value. Keys of up to 16 bytes
are compared with two overlapping loads instead of memcmp, and most keys
are rejected by their length alone, from the index.

The iterators and items live in detail/view/iterator.hpp, the lookups in
detail/view/lookup.hpp. Tests compare every element and member of 2,000
generated documents with ordered_json, keys of every length around the
load sizes, the exceptions against const basic_json, and the iterators.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 21:01:32 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
7da943c5c4 Name JSON types without a basic_json value
basic_json::type_name() now calls detail::value_type_name(value_t), so
that code which reports types without a basic_json value at hand, such as
the zero-copy view, uses the same names in its exception messages. No
change in behavior.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 21:01:31 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
2d7024eed1 Fix CI: read the json_view.hpp amalgamation config from the pull request
The "check" job (Check amalgamation) runs develop's amalgamate.py and read
all configurations from the develop checkout, where config_json_view.json
does not exist until this stack lands, so it failed with
FileNotFoundError. Read that configuration from the pull request's
checkout; the tool itself stays develop's.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:59:09 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
d71a494367 Fix CI: json_view tests without exceptions, on clang 3.6, and single header
- ci_test_noexceptions: the helpers that compare the exceptions of
  json_document::parse() and json::parse() catch them outside a
  CHECK_THROWS, so with JSON_NOEXCEPTION the first parse error aborted
  the test. Compile those comparisons only with exceptions, as
  unit-class_parser.cpp does.
- ci_test_gcc: -Werror=unused-result for CHECK_THROWS_AS(json_document::
  parse(...)); assign the result to a dummy document.
- ci_test_compilers_clang (3.6): `const json_view invalid;` needs a
  user-provided default constructor there (CWG 253); value-initialize it.
- ci_test_single_header: json_view.hpp now exists as a single header and
  contains the internal view headers, so unit-json_view_builder.cpp
  includes it instead of the detail headers in that mode, and the test
  is built again with the single header.
- Regenerate single_include/nlohmann/json_view.hpp for the builder change
  merged from json-view/08-view-builder.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:58:49 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
d9a71e7bc5 Document the node index of json_view on the architecture page
A new section describes the 16-byte node: its fields, how integers,
floats, and object members are stored, how views navigate without
pointers, and a worked example. The feature page and the pages of
basic_json_document and node_count link to it where they mention the
16 bytes.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:58:48 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
20d0723b67 Address the cpplint findings of json_view's materialize()
materialize.hpp includes <string> (build/include_what_you_use).

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:58:48 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
06bebe2af6 Mark the code of json_view that tests cannot reach
The 4 GiB limit and the fallback for an input that parse() accepts but
the view rejects (a bug) are excluded from the coverage; shrink_to_fit()
of an empty document is tested.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:58:47 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
723cf14be4 Address the clang-tidy findings of json_document and json_view
- the input dispatch takes byte ranges by const reference and reads the
  size once (which also settles a finding of the static analyzer); input
  adapters are taken by value
- the classification of inputs keeps its nested conditional operators, a
  constant expression of C++11 (NOLINT)
- the test's C arrays, fixed seed, and escaped literals are marked, as in
  the other tests

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:58:46 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
8c1b230277 Benchmark json_document
benchmarks_view.cpp adds ViewParse, ViewRead (a reused document),
ViewParseIndented, ViewAccept, and ViewMaterialize on the files of
ParseString, so that each row can be read against the json::parse row of
the same file; benchmarks.cpp gains Accept (json::accept) as the
counterpart of ViewAccept. The view benchmarks are built only if the
header directory has json_view.hpp, so that older versions can still be
benchmarked.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:58:45 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
061c30310e Document json_document and json_view
- API pages for basic_json_document and basic_json_view, one per member,
  and for the four aliases, each with an example
- features/json_view.md: the problem the view solves, ownership and
  lifetime, what matches basic_json::parse() and what differs, and when
  to choose json, ordered_json, SAX, or the view
- the examples show why one would use the view, not only how: borrowed
  vs. owned input, reading a few fields and materializing one subtree,
  reusing a document across many messages
- registered in the mkdocs navigation, llms.txt, the docset, the
  exceptions page (out_of_range.416), architecture.md, the integration
  page, and the README; the yyjson credit is added to the README and
  license.md

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:58:44 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
2f7d2548e1 Add a fuzzer for json_document
fuzzer-parse_json_view.cpp checks for every input that
json_document::accept agrees with json::accept, that an accepted input
materializes to the value json::parse returns, and that a rejected input
makes both throw the same exception with the same message. It is built
like the other fuzzers (tests/Makefile, and the root Makefile's
fuzz_testing_json_view target, which starts from the JSON test corpus) and
listed in tests/fuzzing.md.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:58:31 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
ad73c78923 Export json_document and json_view from the C++20 module
The nlohmann.json module includes json_view.hpp in its global module
fragment and exports basic_json_document, basic_json_view, and the four
aliases next to basic_json, json, and ordered_json. features/modules.md
lists them, and tests/module_cpp20 parses a document, so that a missing
export fails the ci_module_cpp20 job.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:58:30 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
08e677ad61 Build, install, and check json_view.hpp
The new single header goes through the same checks and install steps as
json.hpp and json_fwd.hpp:

- cmake/ci.cmake: ci_test_amalgamation regenerates, formats, and compares
  json_view.hpp as well
- check_amalgamation.yml: the pull request check does the same; it runs
  develop's tools, so it needs config_json_view.json on develop first
- meson.build: installs single_include/nlohmann/json_view.hpp
- gen_bazel_build_file.cmake, BUILD.bazel: json_view.hpp joins the
  single-header target; the glob of the other target already covers the
  new headers
- labeler.yml: an "aspect: json_view" label for the header, its
  detail/view headers, tests, and documentation

The CMake install rules for include/ and single_include/, the REUSE
catch-all, and Package.swift cover the new files without changes.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:58:15 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
d7c6c36979 Test json_document and json_view
unit-json_view.cpp: type queries, size, and empty against basic_json;
materialize() against parse() (json and ordered_json, generated documents,
duplicate keys, 100,000 levels of nesting, parent pointers with
JSON_DIAGNOSTICS); parse errors and their messages equal to parse() for
malformed inputs and all option combinations; the overflow of a float
document (1e39, 3.4028236e38) as in parse(); NUL and BOM; borrowed and
owned inputs (strings, C strings, literals, vectors, string_view, streams,
wide strings, parse_copy, and iterator ranges over pointers, vectors,
strings, and lists); reuse with read(); moves; shrink_to_fit() of the index
and of the decoded strings; source offsets.

unit-json_view_macros.cpp includes the header without
JSON_TEST_KEEP_MACROS, as users do: the view must not depend on the macros
json.hpp undefines, and must not leak its own.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:57:44 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
cf352d4ef5 Add json_document and json_view: parse, accept, types, materialize
The public classes of the zero-copy view (#5295), in the new header
<nlohmann/json_view.hpp>:

- basic_json_document<BasicJsonType>: parse (borrowing contiguous byte
  inputs, owning rvalue strings, streams, and other inputs), parse_copy,
  accept, read, root, is_discarded, source, owns_source, node_count,
  memory_usage, shrink_to_fit
- basic_json_view<BasicJsonType>: type and the is_* queries, size, empty,
  materialize (the value parse() would produce, built by the same SAX
  handler), source_offset
- the aliases json_document, json_view, ordered_json_document, and
  ordered_json_view

A parse error throws the exception basic_json::parse would throw for the
same input: the library parser is run on the failing input, so messages,
positions, and exception ids are the same. Inputs of 4 GiB or more are
rejected with out_of_range.416.

The single header single_include/nlohmann/json_view.hpp keeps including
json.hpp; make amalgamate, check-amalgamation, include.zip, and release
handle it.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:57:43 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
e96e2982a5 Fix CI: useless cast in the growth of the view's node index
GCC -Werror=useless-cast (ci_test_gcc on Linux x86-64) rejected
static_cast<std::size_t>(guess + (guess / 4) + 64): the sum is a
std::uint64_t prvalue, the same type as std::size_t there, while the cast
is needed where std::size_t is 32 bits wide. Cast a named variable
instead, which GCC does not report. The build stopped at an earlier error
before, so the previous CI run did not show this one.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:19:13 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
0a64e6c99b Fix CI: MSVC C4127 in the view builder and the single-header test build
- msvc (Win32, /W4 /WX) reported C4127 (conditional expression is
  constant) for `TrailingCommas && cur() == ']'` and the like when the
  option is off. Route the template arguments through a static enabled()
  function, as json.hpp's nesting_depth_exhausted() does.
- ci_test_single_header compiled unit-json_view_builder.cpp against
  single_include/, which does not contain the internal
  nlohmann/detail/view headers. Build that test only with the multiple
  headers.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:19:13 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
d8b8c2498f Test the C++11 stand-in for std::string_view of json_view
Six members of string_ref (length, begin, end, operator[], operator!=,
and operator<<) were not reached before C++17, where string_ref is
std::string_view.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:19:13 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
2fb66ba859 Remove the eight-digit case of the view's digit parser
Since whole blocks of eight digits are read directly, parse_upto8() only
gets fewer than eight digits; its eight-digit case was dead code.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:19:13 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
ab49a7b1bf Address the cpplint findings of the view's parser
The exponent of the overflow check is an std::int64_t instead of a long
(runtime/int).

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:19:13 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
154f240022 Read whole blocks of eight digits of json_view directly
A block of eight digits of a number token lies inside the input (the
digits were counted while scanning, or are recorded in the digit
layout), so parse_upto19() reads it without the bounds check of the
last, partial block. Traversing canada.json: -11% instructions, -6%
cycles.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:19:13 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
8d3280de1e Classify a NUL inside a string of json_view as a control character
json::parse ends the input at a NUL only between values (where it does
at all); inside a string, a NUL is a control character that must be
escaped. The view reported it as a missing closing quote. (Only the
error code differed: the exception comes from the library parser.)

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:19:13 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
118af5015e Test the overflow check of json_view at the largest double
Numbers of more than 19 digits at the boundary of the largest double are
decided by the exact comparison with the midpoint in the overflow check.
The check uses the floating-point type of the document: with float, the
view rejects what parse() rejects (1e39, 3.4028236e38, the midpoint between
the largest float and 2^128), and double documents are not affected.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:19:13 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
9b0b4ff26d Address the clang-tidy findings of the view's parser
- tables as std::array; the frames of the first 64 levels stay a C array
  (not initialized on purpose, NOLINT)
- \u escapes are decoded with the library's hex_codepoint() instead of a
  second table
- the parse failure is private, with an accessor; the special member
  functions of the builder are all declared
- no nested conditional operators; explicit parentheses; a repeated
  branch body merged; auto for casts
- the test's C arrays, fixed seed, and escaped literals are marked, as in
  the other tests

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:19:13 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
694bfd1b4e Keep the arguments of the view's throw helpers used without exceptions
With JSON_NOEXCEPTION, NLOHMANN_VIEW_THROW(e) was std::abort() alone, so
the parameters of the functions that build the exceptions were unused, a
warning that the builds with -Werror turn into an error. The exception is
now evaluated before std::abort(); the program ends anyway.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:19:13 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
ad82821c89 Add the one-pass parser of json_view (internal)
The builder parses JSON text in one pass into the node index: strings and
numbers stay in the source (escaped strings are decoded into an arena),
integers are converted while their digits are in cache, and floats keep
their digit layout for a later conversion. It accepts exactly what
json::parse accepts, for every combination of comments and trailing commas,
with and without a terminating NUL, and with JSON_STRICT_NUL_HANDLING.

Parse state lives in a local cursor whose address never escapes, so that it
stays in registers; out-of-line helpers (errors, regrowth, escapes,
comments) are members of the builder and get the positions they need. The
value dispatch is expanded once for array elements and once for member
values. Literals are compared with memcmp and words read in a fixed byte
order, so nothing depends on the platform's byte order. Error messages come
with the public classes.

Tests (unit-json_view_builder.cpp): accept/reject and values against
json::parse for handwritten, generated, and damaged documents under all
option combinations, from std::string and from exact-size buffers (no read
past the input under AddressSanitizer), deep nesting up to 100,000 levels,
NUL/BOM/whitespace cases, and the test-suite files.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:19:13 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
1bf0b1b6c2 Add the node index and scanning primitives of json_view (internal)
Internal parts of the zero-copy view (#5295), under detail/view and not
included by json.hpp, so that users of json.hpp compile nothing of it:

- macro_scope.hpp/macro_unscope.hpp: the few macros the view needs, under
  its own prefix (json.hpp undefines its own at its end); the throw macro
  honors JSON_NOEXCEPTION and JSON_THROW_USER like JSON_THROW
- string_ref.hpp: std::string_view from C++17 on, else a small stand-in
- node.hpp: the 16-byte node of the index; its kinds are value_t values
  (checked by a static_assert)
- document_data.hpp: the storage of a parsed document (node array, decode
  arena, owned input)
- scan.hpp: string and digit scanning with unrolled checks at fixed offsets
  (after yyjson) and the library's SWAR and UTF-8 checks, independent of the
  byte order

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:19:13 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
b88e5f9107 Keep the behavior-changing configuration readable after json.hpp
json.hpp undefines JSON_STRICT_NUL_HANDLING and
JSON_USE_LEGACY_DISCARDED_VALUE_COMPARISON at its end. Code that builds on
the library after it, such as the planned json_view.hpp, reads them from
detail::abi_config instead. The constants live in the ABI namespace, which
already encodes both settings, so they always match the basic_json in use.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:19:13 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
d23803fd32 Decode \u escapes with a table in the lexer
get_codepoint() read the four hex digits of a \u escape with four calls
to get(), each classified by a chain of range comparisons. For contiguous
input, get_codepoint_bulk() now decodes them with one lookup per byte
(hex_codepoint() in string_scan.hpp, after yyjson's read_hex_u16): a
256-entry table maps a byte to its value, or 0xFF for anything else, and
an invalid digit shows in the OR of the four values. It then skips the
four bytes and updates the position counters as four get() calls would.
If a digit is invalid or fewer than four bytes are left, it changes
nothing and the existing loop runs, so errors are reported with the same
message and position as before.

json::parse, best of 5 runs in separate processes (M1 Max): the escaped
twitter.json (every non-ASCII character as \u) -13.6%, all other files
within 0.3%.

Tests compare the contiguous and the streaming path (value or exception
message) for valid escapes, surrogate pairs, truncated and invalid digits
at every position, and 3,000 seeded random escapes.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:19:12 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
f1014c938a Fix CI: useless casts to std::size_t in the string-scan tests
GCC -Werror=useless-cast rejected static_cast<std::size_t>(next() % n):
on 64-bit Linux std::uint64_t and std::size_t are the same type, while
the cast is needed where std::size_t is 32 bits wide. Draw the sizes from
a 32-bit value instead, which converts to std::size_t implicitly on every
platform.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:19:12 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
e91fdad877 Find the stop byte of a string run without a byte loop
find_string_special() and find_ascii_copyable_run() test eight bytes at a
time, but located the stopping byte inside a word with a byte loop. The
lowest flagged byte of the SWAR tests is always a true hit (the borrows of
the subtractions can only flag bytes above one), so its index is now the
trailing-zero count of the mask; words are read in little-endian order on
every platform, so this does not depend on the byte order.
scalar_string_bulk_run() validates a run of multi-byte UTF-8 sequences one
after another instead of searching for the next special byte in between,
which helps text in non-Latin scripts.

The kernels serve the lexer's contiguous fast path, the serializer, and the
binary formats. New tests compare all three with byte-by-byte reference
scans on 100,000 generated buffers at three alignments; the portable
fallback of count_trailing_zeros() was checked against the builtin.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:19:12 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
9c71689715 Convert long doubles under a multi-byte decimal point completely
The strtold fallback, which is left only for long double formats that
are not binary64 (x87, binary128), substituted the first byte of the
locale's decimal point for '.'. Under a locale whose decimal point is
longer than one byte, such as fa_IR.UTF-8 or ar_EG.UTF-8 (U+066B),
strtold stopped there and the value was truncated at the decimal point.
A longer decimal point is now put into a copy of the token.

The test "locale with a multi-byte decimal point" now compares the long
double values with those of the "C" locale; with x87 long doubles it
failed before.

Fixes #5660.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:19:11 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
44ec53c77b Convert float and double with the library's own correctly rounded parser
float, double, and long double where it is IEEE-754 binary64 (MSVC, Apple
arm64) are now converted by the library itself, correctly rounded and
independent of the locale and of the C and C++ libraries:

- The token is split into sign, significand w (at most 19 digits), and
  decimal exponent q, using the positions of the decimal point and the
  exponent that the scanners already recorded, so no character is
  classified again.
- Clinger's fast path where w and 10^|q| are exact.
- Eisel-Lemire otherwise, now templated for binary32 and binary64.
- For tokens with more than 19 digits whose w and w + 1 round differently,
  an exact big-integer comparison with the midpoint between the two
  candidates (the digit comparison of fast_float, simplified).

This replaces the separate token walks of Clinger's fast path and of
Eisel-Lemire, the significant-digit gate that avoided the former, and, for
float and double, std::from_chars and the locale-aware strtod. std::from_chars
and strtold remain only for other long double formats (x87, binary128,
double-double) and for types that are not IEEE-754. Values are bit-identical
to before wherever the previous conversion was correctly rounded; tokens
converted in a locale with a multi-byte decimal point are now also exact.
Overflow still gives out_of_range.406, underflow a signed zero.

convert_float() is the entry point for other parsers of JSON text: it
converts like the lexer, without allocation for binary32/binary64.

Tests: exact-bit tests for double and float (ties, subnormal and overflow
boundaries, huge exponents, more digits than any midpoint), Eisel-Lemire for
binary32, the round trips of 200,000 doubles and 100,000 floats without
declines, 508 generated hard cases with the expected bits of both formats
(float_hard_cases.hpp) through the converter and both scanners, and
JSON-level overflow/underflow checks for double and float. The locale tests
now check the values in a locale with a multi-byte decimal point.

Docs: the statements that parsing uses strtod/strtof/strtold; the fast_float
credit now names the digit comparison.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:19:11 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
6a073dbae4 Give operator>> a strong exception-safety guarantee (#5695)
operator>> parsed directly into its basic_json& target, so a parse
error left the target holding whatever was parsed before the error
instead of its previous value. With JSON_DIAGNOSTICS=1, that partial
value also violated the class invariant, because the parent pointers
of an array or object's elements are only set when the container is
closed, which a failed parse never reaches; copying such a value then
aborted in assert_invariant().

Fix it the way basic_json::parse() already handles this: parse into a
temporary and move it into the target only once parsing succeeds, so
the target is left unchanged if an exception is thrown.

Fixes #5652.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:13:34 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
fdcc569eee Use only documented StringType members in json_pointer (#5692)
contains(const json_pointer&) and operator/=(std::size_t) (and hence
operator/(std::size_t)) used string_t operations that the StringType
template parameter documentation explicitly does not require:
comparing string_t with a const char* literal, c_str(), and
constructibility from std::string. This made both functions fail to
compile for a conforming custom StringType, even though the
documentation's own reference StringType satisfies the requirements.

Fix contains() to compare individual chars ('0'..'9') instead of
comparing string_t with const char* literals, and to call data()
(documented to be null-terminated) instead of c_str(). Fix
operator/=(std::size_t) to build the array-index token via the
existing detail::to_string<StringType> helper (ADL int_to_string() or
assignment from std::to_string()) instead of via std::to_string()
directly, matching how diff(), items(), and std::hash already convert
a std::size_t to a StringType.

Add regression tests to tests/src/unit-alt-string.cpp: contains() for
present/missing keys and indices, "-", a leading zero, and a
non-numeric token on an array, plus json_pointer::operator/(std::size_t).

Fixes #5666.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:13:31 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
6fc0d501f3 Move the user-defined string literals to <nlohmann/json_literals.hpp> and add JSON_NO_AUTOMATIC_UDLS (#5610)
* Add JSON_NO_UDLS to leave out the user-defined string literals

The bodies of operator""_json and operator""_json_pointer call the
parser, so every translation unit including the library instantiates it,
even if it never parses anything. Defining JSON_NO_UDLS leaves the
literals out entirely, which saves 15-35% compile time for such
translation units (#5294). Nothing changes if the macro is not defined.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>

* Mention JSON_NO_UDLS in the list of exported module symbols

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>

* Move the user-defined string literals to <nlohmann/json_literals.hpp>

Following the review in #5294, the literals now live in their own header
instead of being removed entirely: <nlohmann/json.hpp> includes it at the
end unless JSON_NO_AUTOMATIC_UDLS (renamed from JSON_NO_UDLS) is defined,
so a project can opt out globally and include the header only where the
literals are used.

The header only uses public and standard macros, because the library's
internal macros are undefined at the end of json.hpp and the amalgamation
inlines macro_scope.hpp only once. For the same reason, the library no
longer defines and undefines JSON_USE_GLOBAL_UDLS, so a user's definition
is still visible to the header. The single-header copy is identical to
the multi-header one, as it only includes <nlohmann/json.hpp>. The module
always exports the literals.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>

* Fix CI: include cycle, GCC 4.8 literal operator spacing, and global UDLs off in the JSON_NO_AUTOMATIC_UDLS test

- Suppress clang-tidy misc-header-include-cycle on the intentional mutual
  include of json.hpp and json_literals.hpp.
- Use operator"" _json with a space for GCC 4.8 in the test's detection
  aliases, as the header does.
- Only test the global literal operators when JSON_USE_GLOBAL_UDLS is on.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>

* Declare the literal operators through a local macro

The GCC 4.8 spacing condition was repeated for both operator definitions
and the global using-declarations. NLOHMANN_JSON_LITERAL_OPERATOR(suffix)
now selects operator""##suffix or operator"" suffix in one place and is
undefined at the end of json_literals.hpp.

Suggested by gregmarr in review.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>

---------

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:08:17 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
67435c9c7e Give a deep copy its type only after its container exists (#5721)
When copying a value nested deeper than 128 levels, and an allocation
fails while an inner array or object is being copied, the partially
built copy ended up with an element typed array/object but holding a
null pointer. That element was already a fully constructed member of
its parent's container, so destroying the parent during stack
unwinding dereferenced the null pointer (release builds) or failed
assert_invariant() (debug builds), instead of letting std::bad_alloc
reach the caller.

copy_iteratively() set a pending worklist element's type right after
popping it, before the next loop iteration created its container in
copy_array_level()/copy_object_level(). Move that type assignment into
those two functions, right after the container is successfully
created, and drop the premature one in copy_iteratively(), so a
half-built element stays a null value - as copy_shallow()'s comment
already promised - until it can safely hold one.

Add a regression test to tests/src/unit-allocator.cpp that copies a
value nested 130 levels deep (both arrays and objects, with a
std::map- and an ordered_map-backed object_t) and fails every
allocation of the copy in turn: each attempt must throw std::bad_alloc
without crashing, and the source must stay unchanged.

Fixes #5640.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:08:00 +02:00
Niels Lohmann
2ea6d8c127 Require the found key to equal the looked-up key when comparing objects (#5720)
For an object type whose comparator treats unequal keys as equivalent
(for example a std::map with a case-insensitive comparator),
compare_iteratively() looked up a mismatched left key in the right
object with find(), which uses the object's own comparator, and
accepted whatever entry it found without checking that the keys are
actually equal. A case-insensitive comparator then found "KEY" for
"key", so two objects nested past the recursion bound (or at every
depth with JSON_NO_THREAD_LOCAL) could compare equal even though the
object type's own operator== - and basic_json itself, below the bound
- consider them different.

Accept the found entry only if its key equals (not just compares
equivalent to) the looked-up key.

Fixes #5655.

Signed-off-by: Niels Lohmann <mail@nlohmann.me>
2026-09-30 20:07:56 +02:00