Details

Added as incompatibility, in the manual, the extra return of 'io.lines'.

lapi.c

@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ LUA_API void lua_copy (lua_State *L, int fromidx, int toidx) {
   lua_lock(L);
   fr = index2value(L, fromidx);
   to = index2value(L, toidx);
-  api_check(l, isvalid(L, to), "invalid index");
+  api_check(L, isvalid(L, to), "invalid index");
   setobj(L, to, fr);
   if (isupvalue(toidx))  /* function upvalue? */
     luaC_barrier(L, clCvalue(s2v(L->ci->func)), fr);
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ LUA_API int lua_type (lua_State *L, int idx) {
 
 LUA_API const char *lua_typename (lua_State *L, int t) {
   UNUSED(L);
-  api_check(L, LUA_TNONE <= t && t < LUA_NUMTAGS, "invalid tag");
+  api_check(L, LUA_TNONE <= t && t < LUA_NUMTYPES, "invalid type");
   return ttypename(t);
 }
 
@@ -350,23 +350,21 @@ LUA_API size_t lua_stringtonumber (lua_State *L, const char *s) {
 
 
 LUA_API lua_Number lua_tonumberx (lua_State *L, int idx, int *pisnum) {
-  lua_Number n;
+  lua_Number n = 0;
   const TValue *o = index2value(L, idx);
   int isnum = tonumber(o, &n);
-  if (!isnum)
-    n = 0;  /* call to 'tonumber' may change 'n' even if it fails */
-  if (pisnum) *pisnum = isnum;
+  if (pisnum)
+    *pisnum = isnum;
   return n;
 }
 
 
 LUA_API lua_Integer lua_tointegerx (lua_State *L, int idx, int *pisnum) {
-  lua_Integer res;
+  lua_Integer res = 0;
   const TValue *o = index2value(L, idx);
   int isnum = tointeger(o, &res);
-  if (!isnum)
-    res = 0;  /* call to 'tointeger' may change 'n' even if it fails */
-  if (pisnum) *pisnum = isnum;
+  if (pisnum)
+    *pisnum = isnum;
   return res;
 }
 
@@ -399,10 +397,10 @@ LUA_API const char *lua_tolstring (lua_State *L, int idx, size_t *len) {
 LUA_API lua_Unsigned lua_rawlen (lua_State *L, int idx) {
   const TValue *o = index2value(L, idx);
   switch (ttypetag(o)) {
-    case LUA_TSHRSTR: return tsvalue(o)->shrlen;
-    case LUA_TLNGSTR: return tsvalue(o)->u.lnglen;
-    case LUA_TUSERDATA: return uvalue(o)->len;
-    case LUA_TTABLE: return luaH_getn(hvalue(o));
+    case LUA_VSHRSTR: return tsvalue(o)->shrlen;
+    case LUA_VLNGSTR: return tsvalue(o)->u.lnglen;
+    case LUA_VUSERDATA: return uvalue(o)->len;
+    case LUA_VTABLE: return luaH_getn(hvalue(o));
     default: return 0;
   }
 }
@@ -448,8 +446,8 @@ LUA_API lua_State *lua_tothread (lua_State *L, int idx) {
 LUA_API const void *lua_topointer (lua_State *L, int idx) {
   const TValue *o = index2value(L, idx);
   switch (ttypetag(o)) {
-    case LUA_TLCF: return cast_voidp(cast_sizet(fvalue(o)));
-    case LUA_TUSERDATA: case LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA:
+    case LUA_VLCF: return cast_voidp(cast_sizet(fvalue(o)));
+    case LUA_VUSERDATA: case LUA_VLIGHTUSERDATA:
       return touserdata(o);
     default: {
       if (iscollectable(o))
@@ -576,7 +574,10 @@ LUA_API void lua_pushcclosure (lua_State *L, lua_CFunction fn, int n) {
 
 LUA_API void lua_pushboolean (lua_State *L, int b) {
   lua_lock(L);
-  setbvalue(s2v(L->top), (b != 0));  /* ensure that true is 1 */
+  if (b)
+    setbtvalue(s2v(L->top));
+  else
+    setbfvalue(s2v(L->top));
   api_incr_top(L);
   lua_unlock(L);
 }
@@ -850,21 +851,33 @@ LUA_API void lua_seti (lua_State *L, int idx, lua_Integer n) {
 }
 
 
-LUA_API void lua_rawset (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+static void aux_rawset (lua_State *L, int idx, TValue *key, int n) {
   Table *t;
   TValue *slot;
   lua_lock(L);
-  api_checknelems(L, 2);
+  api_checknelems(L, n);
   t = gettable(L, idx);
-  slot = luaH_set(L, t, s2v(L->top - 2));
+  slot = luaH_set(L, t, key);
   setobj2t(L, slot, s2v(L->top - 1));
   invalidateTMcache(t);
   luaC_barrierback(L, obj2gco(t), s2v(L->top - 1));
-  L->top -= 2;
+  L->top -= n;
   lua_unlock(L);
 }
 
 
+LUA_API void lua_rawset (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+  aux_rawset(L, idx, s2v(L->top - 2), 2);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API void lua_rawsetp (lua_State *L, int idx, const void *p) {
+  TValue k;
+  setpvalue(&k, cast_voidp(p));
+  aux_rawset(L, idx, &k, 1);
+}
+
+
 LUA_API void lua_rawseti (lua_State *L, int idx, lua_Integer n) {
   Table *t;
   lua_lock(L);
@@ -877,21 +890,6 @@ LUA_API void lua_rawseti (lua_State *L, int idx, lua_Integer n) {
 }
 
 
-LUA_API void lua_rawsetp (lua_State *L, int idx, const void *p) {
-  Table *t;
-  TValue k, *slot;
-  lua_lock(L);
-  api_checknelems(L, 1);
-  t = gettable(L, idx);
-  setpvalue(&k, cast_voidp(p));
-  slot = luaH_set(L, t, &k);
-  setobj2t(L, slot, s2v(L->top - 1));
-  luaC_barrierback(L, obj2gco(t), s2v(L->top - 1));
-  L->top--;
-  lua_unlock(L);
-}
-
-
 LUA_API int lua_setmetatable (lua_State *L, int objindex) {
   TValue *obj;
   Table *mt;
@@ -1314,7 +1312,7 @@ LUA_API void *lua_newuserdatauv (lua_State *L, size_t size, int nuvalue) {
 static const char *aux_upvalue (TValue *fi, int n, TValue **val,
                                 GCObject **owner) {
   switch (ttypetag(fi)) {
-    case LUA_TCCL: {  /* C closure */
+    case LUA_VCCL: {  /* C closure */
       CClosure *f = clCvalue(fi);
       if (!(cast_uint(n) - 1u < cast_uint(f->nupvalues)))
         return NULL;  /* 'n' not in [1, f->nupvalues] */
@@ -1322,7 +1320,7 @@ static const char *aux_upvalue (TValue *fi, int n, TValue **val,
       if (owner) *owner = obj2gco(f);
       return "";
     }
-    case LUA_TLCL: {  /* Lua closure */
+    case LUA_VLCL: {  /* Lua closure */
       LClosure *f = clLvalue(fi);
       TString *name;
       Proto *p = f->p;
@@ -1385,10 +1383,10 @@ static UpVal **getupvalref (lua_State *L, int fidx, int n, LClosure **pf) {
 LUA_API void *lua_upvalueid (lua_State *L, int fidx, int n) {
   TValue *fi = index2value(L, fidx);
   switch (ttypetag(fi)) {
-    case LUA_TLCL: {  /* lua closure */
+    case LUA_VLCL: {  /* lua closure */
       return *getupvalref(L, fidx, n, NULL);
     }
-    case LUA_TCCL: {  /* C closure */
+    case LUA_VCCL: {  /* C closure */
       CClosure *f = clCvalue(fi);
       api_check(L, 1 <= n && n <= f->nupvalues, "invalid upvalue index");
       return &f->upvalue[n - 1];

lapi.h

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 
 /*
 ** If a call returns too many multiple returns, the callee may not have
-** stack space to accomodate all results. In this case, this macro
+** stack space to accommodate all results. In this case, this macro
 ** increases its stack space ('L->ci->top').
 */
 #define adjustresults(L,nres) \

lauxlib.c

@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ static int pushglobalfuncname (lua_State *L, lua_Debug *ar) {
       lua_remove(L, -2);  /* remove original name */
     }
     lua_copy(L, -1, top + 1);  /* copy name to proper place */
-    lua_settop(L, top + 1);  /* remove table "loaded" an name copy */
+    lua_settop(L, top + 1);  /* remove table "loaded" and name copy */
     return 1;
   }
   else {
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ LUALIB_API int luaL_fileresult (lua_State *L, int stat, const char *fname) {
 
 LUALIB_API int luaL_execresult (lua_State *L, int stat) {
   const char *what = "exit";  /* type of termination */
-  if (stat == -1)  /* error? */
+  if (stat != 0 && errno != 0)  /* error with an 'errno'? */
     return luaL_fileresult(L, 0, NULL);
   else {
     l_inspectstat(stat, what);  /* interpret result */
@@ -476,7 +476,7 @@ static void *resizebox (lua_State *L, int idx, size_t newsize) {
   UBox *box = (UBox *)lua_touserdata(L, idx);
   void *temp = allocf(ud, box->box, box->bsize, newsize);
   if (temp == NULL && newsize > 0)  /* allocation error? */
-    luaL_error(L, "not enough memory for buffer allocation");
+    luaL_error(L, "not enough memory");
   box->box = temp;
   box->bsize = newsize;
   return temp;
@@ -902,10 +902,10 @@ LUALIB_API const char *luaL_tolstring (lua_State *L, int idx, size_t *len) {
 LUALIB_API void luaL_setfuncs (lua_State *L, const luaL_Reg *l, int nup) {
   luaL_checkstack(L, nup, "too many upvalues");
   for (; l->name != NULL; l++) {  /* fill the table with given functions */
-    int i;
     if (l->func == NULL)  /* place holder? */
       lua_pushboolean(L, 0);
     else {
+      int i;
       for (i = 0; i < nup; i++)  /* copy upvalues to the top */
         lua_pushvalue(L, -nup);
       lua_pushcclosure(L, l->func, nup);  /* closure with those upvalues */
@@ -995,8 +995,10 @@ static void *l_alloc (void *ud, void *ptr, size_t osize, size_t nsize) {
 
 
 static int panic (lua_State *L) {
+  const char *msg = lua_tostring(L, -1);
+  if (msg == NULL) msg = "error object is not a string";
   lua_writestringerror("PANIC: unprotected error in call to Lua API (%s)\n",
-                        lua_tostring(L, -1));
+                        msg);
   return 0;  /* return to Lua to abort */
 }
 

lauxlib.h

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 
 
 /* global table */
-#define	LUA_GNAME	"_G"
+#define LUA_GNAME	"_G"
 
 
 typedef struct luaL_Buffer luaL_Buffer;
@@ -185,6 +185,8 @@ struct luaL_Buffer {
 
 #define luaL_addsize(B,s)	((B)->n += (s))
 
+#define luaL_buffsub(B,s)	((B)->n -= (s))
+
 LUALIB_API void (luaL_buffinit) (lua_State *L, luaL_Buffer *B);
 LUALIB_API char *(luaL_prepbuffsize) (luaL_Buffer *B, size_t sz);
 LUALIB_API void (luaL_addlstring) (luaL_Buffer *B, const char *s, size_t l);

lcode.c

@@ -84,8 +84,11 @@ int luaK_exp2const (FuncState *fs, const expdesc *e, TValue *v) {
   if (hasjumps(e))
     return 0;  /* not a constant */
   switch (e->k) {
-    case VFALSE: case VTRUE:
-      setbvalue(v, e->k == VTRUE);
+    case VFALSE:
+      setbfvalue(v);
+      return 1;
+    case VTRUE:
+      setbtvalue(v);
       return 1;
     case VNIL:
       setnilvalue(v);
@@ -110,7 +113,7 @@ int luaK_exp2const (FuncState *fs, const expdesc *e, TValue *v) {
 ** optimizations).
 */
 static Instruction *previousinstruction (FuncState *fs) {
-  static const Instruction invalidinstruction = -1;
+  static const Instruction invalidinstruction = ~(Instruction)0;
   if (fs->pc > fs->lasttarget)
     return &fs->f->code[fs->pc - 1];  /* previous instruction */
   else
@@ -604,11 +607,21 @@ static int luaK_numberK (FuncState *fs, lua_Number r) {
 
 
 /*
-** Add a boolean to list of constants and return its index.
+** Add a false to list of constants and return its index.
 */
-static int boolK (FuncState *fs, int b) {
+static int boolF (FuncState *fs) {
   TValue o;
-  setbvalue(&o, b);
+  setbfvalue(&o);
+  return addk(fs, &o, &o);  /* use boolean itself as key */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Add a true to list of constants and return its index.
+*/
+static int boolT (FuncState *fs) {
+  TValue o;
+  setbtvalue(&o);
   return addk(fs, &o, &o);  /* use boolean itself as key */
 }
 
@@ -653,7 +666,7 @@ void luaK_int (FuncState *fs, int reg, lua_Integer i) {
 
 static void luaK_float (FuncState *fs, int reg, lua_Number f) {
   lua_Integer fi;
-  if (luaV_flttointeger(f, &fi, 0) && fitsBx(fi))
+  if (luaV_flttointeger(f, &fi, F2Ieq) && fitsBx(fi))
     luaK_codeAsBx(fs, OP_LOADF, reg, cast_int(fi));
   else
     luaK_codek(fs, reg, luaK_numberK(fs, f));
@@ -665,19 +678,22 @@ static void luaK_float (FuncState *fs, int reg, lua_Number f) {
 */
 static void const2exp (TValue *v, expdesc *e) {
   switch (ttypetag(v)) {
-    case LUA_TNUMINT:
+    case LUA_VNUMINT:
       e->k = VKINT; e->u.ival = ivalue(v);
       break;
-    case LUA_TNUMFLT:
+    case LUA_VNUMFLT:
       e->k = VKFLT; e->u.nval = fltvalue(v);
       break;
-    case LUA_TBOOLEAN:
-      e->k = bvalue(v) ? VTRUE : VFALSE;
+    case LUA_VFALSE:
+      e->k = VFALSE;
       break;
-    case LUA_TNIL:
+    case LUA_VTRUE:
+      e->k = VTRUE;
+      break;
+    case LUA_VNIL:
       e->k = VNIL;
       break;
-    case LUA_TSHRSTR:  case LUA_TLNGSTR:
+    case LUA_VSHRSTR:  case LUA_VLNGSTR:
       e->k = VKSTR; e->u.strval = tsvalue(v);
       break;
     default: lua_assert(0);
@@ -687,19 +703,18 @@ static void const2exp (TValue *v, expdesc *e) {
 
 /*
 ** Fix an expression to return the number of results 'nresults'.
-** Either 'e' is a multi-ret expression (function call or vararg)
-** or 'nresults' is LUA_MULTRET (as any expression can satisfy that).
+** 'e' must be a multi-ret expression (function call or vararg).
 */
 void luaK_setreturns (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, int nresults) {
   Instruction *pc = &getinstruction(fs, e);
   if (e->k == VCALL)  /* expression is an open function call? */
     SETARG_C(*pc, nresults + 1);
-  else if (e->k == VVARARG) {
+  else {
+    lua_assert(e->k == VVARARG);
     SETARG_C(*pc, nresults + 1);
     SETARG_A(*pc, fs->freereg);
     luaK_reserveregs(fs, 1);
   }
-  else lua_assert(nresults == LUA_MULTRET);
 }
 
 
@@ -801,8 +816,12 @@ static void discharge2reg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, int reg) {
       luaK_nil(fs, reg, 1);
       break;
     }
-    case VFALSE: case VTRUE: {
-      luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_LOADBOOL, reg, e->k == VTRUE, 0);
+    case VFALSE: {
+      luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_LOADFALSE, reg, 0, 0);
+      break;
+    }
+    case VTRUE: {
+      luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_LOADTRUE, reg, 0, 0);
       break;
     }
     case VKSTR: {
@@ -852,9 +871,9 @@ static void discharge2anyreg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
 }
 
 
-static int code_loadbool (FuncState *fs, int A, int b, int jump) {
+static int code_loadbool (FuncState *fs, int A, OpCode op) {
   luaK_getlabel(fs);  /* those instructions may be jump targets */
-  return luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_LOADBOOL, A, b, jump);
+  return luaK_codeABC(fs, op, A, 0, 0);
 }
 
 
@@ -888,8 +907,8 @@ static void exp2reg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, int reg) {
     int p_t = NO_JUMP;  /* position of an eventual LOAD true */
     if (need_value(fs, e->t) || need_value(fs, e->f)) {
       int fj = (e->k == VJMP) ? NO_JUMP : luaK_jump(fs);
-      p_f = code_loadbool(fs, reg, 0, 1);  /* load false and skip next i. */
-      p_t = code_loadbool(fs, reg, 1, 0);  /* load true */
+      p_f = code_loadbool(fs, reg, OP_LFALSESKIP);  /* skip next inst. */
+      p_t = code_loadbool(fs, reg, OP_LOADTRUE);
       /* jump around these booleans if 'e' is not a test */
       luaK_patchtohere(fs, fj);
     }
@@ -963,8 +982,8 @@ static int luaK_exp2K (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
   if (!hasjumps(e)) {
     int info;
     switch (e->k) {  /* move constants to 'k' */
-      case VTRUE: info = boolK(fs, 1); break;
-      case VFALSE: info = boolK(fs, 0); break;
+      case VTRUE: info = boolT(fs); break;
+      case VFALSE: info = boolF(fs); break;
       case VNIL: info = nilK(fs); break;
       case VKINT: info = luaK_intK(fs, e->u.ival); break;
       case VKFLT: info = luaK_numberK(fs, e->u.nval); break;
@@ -1220,7 +1239,7 @@ static int isSCnumber (expdesc *e, int *pi, int *isfloat) {
   lua_Integer i;
   if (e->k == VKINT)
     i = e->u.ival;
-  else if (e->k == VKFLT && luaV_flttointeger(e->u.nval, &i, 0))
+  else if (e->k == VKFLT && luaV_flttointeger(e->u.nval, &i, F2Ieq))
     *isfloat = 1;
   else
     return 0;  /* not a number */
@@ -1509,7 +1528,7 @@ static void codeeq (FuncState *fs, BinOpr opr, expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2) {
     lua_assert(e1->k == VK || e1->k == VKINT || e1->k == VKFLT);
     swapexps(e1, e2);
   }
-  r1 = luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, e1);  /* 1nd expression must be in register */
+  r1 = luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, e1);  /* 1st expression must be in register */
   if (isSCnumber(e2, &im, &isfloat)) {
     op = OP_EQI;
     r2 = im;  /* immediate operand */
@@ -1710,17 +1729,12 @@ void luaK_fixline (FuncState *fs, int line) {
 }
 
 
-void luaK_settablesize (FuncState *fs, int pc, int ra, int rc, int rb) {
+void luaK_settablesize (FuncState *fs, int pc, int ra, int asize, int hsize) {
   Instruction *inst = &fs->f->code[pc];
-  int extra = 0;
-  int k = 0;
-  if (rb != 0)
-    rb = luaO_ceillog2(rb) + 1;  /* hash size */
-  if (rc > MAXARG_C) {  /* does it need the extra argument? */
-    extra = rc / (MAXARG_C + 1);
-    rc %= (MAXARG_C + 1);
-    k = 1;
-  }
+  int rb = (hsize != 0) ? luaO_ceillog2(hsize) + 1 : 0;  /* hash size */
+  int extra = asize / (MAXARG_C + 1);  /* higher bits of array size */
+  int rc = asize % (MAXARG_C + 1);  /* lower bits of array size */
+  int k = (extra > 0);  /* true iff needs extra argument */
   *inst = CREATE_ABCk(OP_NEWTABLE, ra, rb, rc, k);
   *(inst + 1) = CREATE_Ax(OP_EXTRAARG, extra);
 }

lcode.h

@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ LUAI_FUNC void luaK_infix (FuncState *fs, BinOpr op, expdesc *v);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaK_posfix (FuncState *fs, BinOpr op, expdesc *v1,
                             expdesc *v2, int line);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaK_settablesize (FuncState *fs, int pc,
-                                                 int ra, int rb, int rc);
+                                  int ra, int asize, int hsize);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaK_setlist (FuncState *fs, int base, int nelems, int tostore);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaK_finish (FuncState *fs);
 LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaK_semerror (LexState *ls, const char *msg);

lctype.c

@@ -16,6 +16,15 @@
 
 #include <limits.h>
 
+
+#if defined (LUA_UCID)		/* accept UniCode IDentifiers? */
+/* consider all non-ascii codepoints to be alphabetic */
+#define NONA		0x01
+#else
+#define NONA		0x00	/* default */
+#endif
+
+
 LUAI_DDEF const lu_byte luai_ctype_[UCHAR_MAX + 2] = {
   0x00,  /* EOZ */
   0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,	/* 0. */
@@ -34,22 +43,22 @@ LUAI_DDEF const lu_byte luai_ctype_[UCHAR_MAX + 2] = {
   0x05,  0x05,  0x05,  0x05,  0x05,  0x05,  0x05,  0x05,
   0x05,  0x05,  0x05,  0x05,  0x05,  0x05,  0x05,  0x05,	/* 7. */
   0x05,  0x05,  0x05,  0x04,  0x04,  0x04,  0x04,  0x00,
-  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,	/* 8. */
-  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,
-  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,	/* 9. */
-  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,
-  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,	/* a. */
-  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,
-  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,	/* b. */
-  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,
-  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,	/* c. */
-  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,
-  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,	/* d. */
-  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,
-  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,	/* e. */
-  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,
-  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,	/* f. */
-  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,
+  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,	/* 8. */
+  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,
+  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,	/* 9. */
+  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,
+  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,	/* a. */
+  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,
+  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,	/* b. */
+  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,
+  0x00,  0x00,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,	/* c. */
+  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,
+  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,	/* d. */
+  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,
+  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,	/* e. */
+  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,
+  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  NONA,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,	/* f. */
+  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00
 };
 
 #endif			/* } */

ldblib.c

@@ -202,8 +202,6 @@ static int db_getinfo (lua_State *L) {
 static int db_getlocal (lua_State *L) {
   int arg;
   lua_State *L1 = getthread(L, &arg);
-  lua_Debug ar;
-  const char *name;
   int nvar = (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, arg + 2);  /* local-variable index */
   if (lua_isfunction(L, arg + 1)) {  /* function argument? */
     lua_pushvalue(L, arg + 1);  /* push function */
@@ -211,6 +209,8 @@ static int db_getlocal (lua_State *L) {
     return 1;  /* return only name (there is no value) */
   }
   else {  /* stack-level argument */
+    lua_Debug ar;
+    const char *name;
     int level = (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, arg + 1);
     if (!lua_getstack(L1, level, &ar))  /* out of range? */
       return luaL_argerror(L, arg+1, "level out of range");
@@ -417,7 +417,7 @@ static int db_debug (lua_State *L) {
       return 0;
     if (luaL_loadbuffer(L, buffer, strlen(buffer), "=(debug command)") ||
         lua_pcall(L, 0, 0, 0))
-      lua_writestringerror("%s\n", lua_tostring(L, -1));
+      lua_writestringerror("%s\n", luaL_tolstring(L, -1, NULL));
     lua_settop(L, 0);  /* remove eventual returns */
   }
 }

ldebug.c

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 
 
 
-#define noLuaClosure(f)		((f) == NULL || (f)->c.tt == LUA_TCCL)
+#define noLuaClosure(f)		((f) == NULL || (f)->c.tt == LUA_VCCL)
 
 
 /* Active Lua function (given call info) */
@@ -101,19 +101,21 @@ int luaG_getfuncline (const Proto *f, int pc) {
 }
 
 
-static int currentline (CallInfo *ci) {
+static int getcurrentline (CallInfo *ci) {
   return luaG_getfuncline(ci_func(ci)->p, currentpc(ci));
 }
 
 
 /*
-** This function can be called asynchronously (e.g. during a signal),
-** under "reasonable" assumptions. A new 'ci' is completely linked
-** in the list before it becomes part of the "active" list, and
-** we assume that pointers are atomic (see comment in next function).
-** (If we traverse one more item, there is no problem. If we traverse
-** one less item, the worst that can happen is that the signal will
-** not interrupt the script.)
+** Set 'trap' for all active Lua frames.
+** This function can be called during a signal, under "reasonable"
+** assumptions. A new 'ci' is completely linked in the list before it
+** becomes part of the "active" list, and we assume that pointers are
+** atomic; see comment in next function.
+** (A compiler doing interprocedural optimizations could, theoretically,
+** reorder memory writes in such a way that the list could be
+** temporarily broken while inserting a new element. We simply assume it
+** has no good reasons to do that.)
 */
 static void settraps (CallInfo *ci) {
   for (; ci != NULL; ci = ci->previous)
@@ -123,8 +125,8 @@ static void settraps (CallInfo *ci) {
 
 
 /*
-** This function can be called asynchronously (e.g. during a signal),
-** under "reasonable" assumptions.
+** This function can be called during a signal, under "reasonable"
+** assumptions.
 ** Fields 'oldpc', 'basehookcount', and 'hookcount' (set by
 ** 'resethookcount') are for debug only, and it is no problem if they
 ** get arbitrary values (causes at most one wrong hook call). 'hookmask'
@@ -306,7 +308,7 @@ static void collectvalidlines (lua_State *L, Closure *f) {
     Table *t = luaH_new(L);  /* new table to store active lines */
     sethvalue2s(L, L->top, t);  /* push it on stack */
     api_incr_top(L);
-    setbvalue(&v, 1);  /* boolean 'true' to be the value of all indices */
+    setbtvalue(&v);  /* boolean 'true' to be the value of all indices */
     for (i = 0; i < p->sizelineinfo; i++) {  /* for all lines with code */
       currentline = nextline(p, currentline, i);
       luaH_setint(L, t, currentline, &v);  /* table[line] = true */
@@ -339,7 +341,7 @@ static int auxgetinfo (lua_State *L, const char *what, lua_Debug *ar,
         break;
       }
       case 'l': {
-        ar->currentline = (ci && isLua(ci)) ? currentline(ci) : -1;
+        ar->currentline = (ci && isLua(ci)) ? getcurrentline(ci) : -1;
         break;
       }
       case 'u': {
@@ -775,7 +777,7 @@ l_noret luaG_runerror (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...) {
   msg = luaO_pushvfstring(L, fmt, argp);  /* format message */
   va_end(argp);
   if (isLua(ci))  /* if Lua function, add source:line information */
-    luaG_addinfo(L, msg, ci_func(ci)->p->source, currentline(ci));
+    luaG_addinfo(L, msg, ci_func(ci)->p->source, getcurrentline(ci));
   luaG_errormsg(L);
 }
 

ldo.c

@@ -422,7 +422,7 @@ void luaD_poscall (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, int nres) {
 
 
 
-#define next_ci(L)  (L->ci = (L->ci->next ? L->ci->next : luaE_extendCI(L)))
+#define next_ci(L)  (L->ci->next ? L->ci->next : luaE_extendCI(L))
 
 
 /*
@@ -459,20 +459,20 @@ void luaD_call (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nresults) {
   lua_CFunction f;
  retry:
   switch (ttypetag(s2v(func))) {
-    case LUA_TCCL:  /* C closure */
+    case LUA_VCCL:  /* C closure */
       f = clCvalue(s2v(func))->f;
       goto Cfunc;
-    case LUA_TLCF:  /* light C function */
+    case LUA_VLCF:  /* light C function */
       f = fvalue(s2v(func));
      Cfunc: {
       int n;  /* number of returns */
-      CallInfo *ci;
+      CallInfo *ci = next_ci(L);
       checkstackp(L, LUA_MINSTACK, func);  /* ensure minimum stack size */
-      ci = next_ci(L);
       ci->nresults = nresults;
       ci->callstatus = CIST_C;
       ci->top = L->top + LUA_MINSTACK;
       ci->func = func;
+      L->ci = ci;
       lua_assert(ci->top <= L->stack_last);
       if (L->hookmask & LUA_MASKCALL) {
         int narg = cast_int(L->top - func) - 1;
@@ -485,19 +485,19 @@ void luaD_call (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nresults) {
       luaD_poscall(L, ci, n);
       break;
     }
-    case LUA_TLCL: {  /* Lua function */
-      CallInfo *ci;
+    case LUA_VLCL: {  /* Lua function */
+      CallInfo *ci = next_ci(L);
       Proto *p = clLvalue(s2v(func))->p;
       int narg = cast_int(L->top - func) - 1;  /* number of real arguments */
       int nfixparams = p->numparams;
       int fsize = p->maxstacksize;  /* frame size */
       checkstackp(L, fsize, func);
-      ci = next_ci(L);
       ci->nresults = nresults;
       ci->u.l.savedpc = p->code;  /* starting point */
       ci->callstatus = 0;
       ci->top = func + 1 + fsize;
       ci->func = func;
+      L->ci = ci;
       for (; narg < nfixparams; narg++)
         setnilvalue(s2v(L->top++));  /* complete missing arguments */
       lua_assert(ci->top <= L->stack_last);

ldump.c

@@ -29,15 +29,15 @@ typedef struct {
 
 
 /*
-** All high-level dumps go through DumpVector; you can change it to
+** All high-level dumps go through dumpVector; you can change it to
 ** change the endianness of the result
 */
-#define DumpVector(v,n,D)	DumpBlock(v,(n)*sizeof((v)[0]),D)
+#define dumpVector(D,v,n)	dumpBlock(D,v,(n)*sizeof((v)[0]))
 
-#define DumpLiteral(s,D)	DumpBlock(s, sizeof(s) - sizeof(char), D)
+#define dumpLiteral(D, s)	dumpBlock(D,s,sizeof(s) - sizeof(char))
 
 
-static void DumpBlock (const void *b, size_t size, DumpState *D) {
+static void dumpBlock (DumpState *D, const void *b, size_t size) {
   if (D->status == 0 && size > 0) {
     lua_unlock(D->L);
     D->status = (*D->writer)(D->L, b, size, D->data);
@@ -46,19 +46,19 @@ static void DumpBlock (const void *b, size_t size, DumpState *D) {
 }
 
 
-#define DumpVar(x,D)		DumpVector(&x,1,D)
+#define dumpVar(D,x)		dumpVector(D,&x,1)
 
 
-static void DumpByte (int y, DumpState *D) {
+static void dumpByte (DumpState *D, int y) {
   lu_byte x = (lu_byte)y;
-  DumpVar(x, D);
+  dumpVar(D, x);
 }
 
 
-/* DumpInt Buff Size */
+/* dumpInt Buff Size */
 #define DIBS    ((sizeof(size_t) * 8 / 7) + 1)
 
-static void DumpSize (size_t x, DumpState *D) {
+static void dumpSize (DumpState *D, size_t x) {
   lu_byte buff[DIBS];
   int n = 0;
   do {
@@ -66,147 +66,144 @@ static void DumpSize (size_t x, DumpState *D) {
     x >>= 7;
   } while (x != 0);
   buff[DIBS - 1] |= 0x80;  /* mark last byte */
-  DumpVector(buff + DIBS - n, n, D);
+  dumpVector(D, buff + DIBS - n, n);
 }
 
 
-static void DumpInt (int x, DumpState *D) {
-  DumpSize(x, D);
+static void dumpInt (DumpState *D, int x) {
+  dumpSize(D, x);
 }
 
 
-static void DumpNumber (lua_Number x, DumpState *D) {
-  DumpVar(x, D);
+static void dumpNumber (DumpState *D, lua_Number x) {
+  dumpVar(D, x);
 }
 
 
-static void DumpInteger (lua_Integer x, DumpState *D) {
-  DumpVar(x, D);
+static void dumpInteger (DumpState *D, lua_Integer x) {
+  dumpVar(D, x);
 }
 
 
-static void DumpString (const TString *s, DumpState *D) {
+static void dumpString (DumpState *D, const TString *s) {
   if (s == NULL)
-    DumpSize(0, D);
+    dumpSize(D, 0);
   else {
     size_t size = tsslen(s);
     const char *str = getstr(s);
-    DumpSize(size + 1, D);
-    DumpVector(str, size, D);
+    dumpSize(D, size + 1);
+    dumpVector(D, str, size);
   }
 }
 
 
-static void DumpCode (const Proto *f, DumpState *D) {
-  DumpInt(f->sizecode, D);
-  DumpVector(f->code, f->sizecode, D);
+static void dumpCode (DumpState *D, const Proto *f) {
+  dumpInt(D, f->sizecode);
+  dumpVector(D, f->code, f->sizecode);
 }
 
 
-static void DumpFunction(const Proto *f, TString *psource, DumpState *D);
+static void dumpFunction(DumpState *D, const Proto *f, TString *psource);
 
-static void DumpConstants (const Proto *f, DumpState *D) {
+static void dumpConstants (DumpState *D, const Proto *f) {
   int i;
   int n = f->sizek;
-  DumpInt(n, D);
+  dumpInt(D, n);
   for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
     const TValue *o = &f->k[i];
-    DumpByte(ttypetag(o), D);
-    switch (ttypetag(o)) {
-      case LUA_TNIL:
+    int tt = ttypetag(o);
+    dumpByte(D, tt);
+    switch (tt) {
+      case LUA_VNUMFLT:
+        dumpNumber(D, fltvalue(o));
         break;
-      case LUA_TBOOLEAN:
-        DumpByte(bvalue(o), D);
+      case LUA_VNUMINT:
+        dumpInteger(D, ivalue(o));
         break;
-      case LUA_TNUMFLT:
-        DumpNumber(fltvalue(o), D);
+      case LUA_VSHRSTR:
+      case LUA_VLNGSTR:
+        dumpString(D, tsvalue(o));
         break;
-      case LUA_TNUMINT:
-        DumpInteger(ivalue(o), D);
-        break;
-      case LUA_TSHRSTR:
-      case LUA_TLNGSTR:
-        DumpString(tsvalue(o), D);
-        break;
-      default: lua_assert(0);
+      default:
+        lua_assert(tt == LUA_VNIL || tt == LUA_VFALSE || tt == LUA_VTRUE);
     }
   }
 }
 
 
-static void DumpProtos (const Proto *f, DumpState *D) {
+static void dumpProtos (DumpState *D, const Proto *f) {
   int i;
   int n = f->sizep;
-  DumpInt(n, D);
+  dumpInt(D, n);
   for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
-    DumpFunction(f->p[i], f->source, D);
+    dumpFunction(D, f->p[i], f->source);
 }
 
 
-static void DumpUpvalues (const Proto *f, DumpState *D) {
+static void dumpUpvalues (DumpState *D, const Proto *f) {
   int i, n = f->sizeupvalues;
-  DumpInt(n, D);
+  dumpInt(D, n);
   for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-    DumpByte(f->upvalues[i].instack, D);
-    DumpByte(f->upvalues[i].idx, D);
-    DumpByte(f->upvalues[i].kind, D);
+    dumpByte(D, f->upvalues[i].instack);
+    dumpByte(D, f->upvalues[i].idx);
+    dumpByte(D, f->upvalues[i].kind);
   }
 }
 
 
-static void DumpDebug (const Proto *f, DumpState *D) {
+static void dumpDebug (DumpState *D, const Proto *f) {
   int i, n;
   n = (D->strip) ? 0 : f->sizelineinfo;
-  DumpInt(n, D);
-  DumpVector(f->lineinfo, n, D);
+  dumpInt(D, n);
+  dumpVector(D, f->lineinfo, n);
   n = (D->strip) ? 0 : f->sizeabslineinfo;
-  DumpInt(n, D);
+  dumpInt(D, n);
   for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-    DumpInt(f->abslineinfo[i].pc, D);
-    DumpInt(f->abslineinfo[i].line, D);
+    dumpInt(D, f->abslineinfo[i].pc);
+    dumpInt(D, f->abslineinfo[i].line);
   }
   n = (D->strip) ? 0 : f->sizelocvars;
-  DumpInt(n, D);
+  dumpInt(D, n);
   for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-    DumpString(f->locvars[i].varname, D);
-    DumpInt(f->locvars[i].startpc, D);
-    DumpInt(f->locvars[i].endpc, D);
+    dumpString(D, f->locvars[i].varname);
+    dumpInt(D, f->locvars[i].startpc);
+    dumpInt(D, f->locvars[i].endpc);
   }
   n = (D->strip) ? 0 : f->sizeupvalues;
-  DumpInt(n, D);
+  dumpInt(D, n);
   for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
-    DumpString(f->upvalues[i].name, D);
+    dumpString(D, f->upvalues[i].name);
 }
 
 
-static void DumpFunction (const Proto *f, TString *psource, DumpState *D) {
+static void dumpFunction (DumpState *D, const Proto *f, TString *psource) {
   if (D->strip || f->source == psource)
-    DumpString(NULL, D);  /* no debug info or same source as its parent */
+    dumpString(D, NULL);  /* no debug info or same source as its parent */
   else
-    DumpString(f->source, D);
-  DumpInt(f->linedefined, D);
-  DumpInt(f->lastlinedefined, D);
-  DumpByte(f->numparams, D);
-  DumpByte(f->is_vararg, D);
-  DumpByte(f->maxstacksize, D);
-  DumpCode(f, D);
-  DumpConstants(f, D);
-  DumpUpvalues(f, D);
-  DumpProtos(f, D);
-  DumpDebug(f, D);
+    dumpString(D, f->source);
+  dumpInt(D, f->linedefined);
+  dumpInt(D, f->lastlinedefined);
+  dumpByte(D, f->numparams);
+  dumpByte(D, f->is_vararg);
+  dumpByte(D, f->maxstacksize);
+  dumpCode(D, f);
+  dumpConstants(D, f);
+  dumpUpvalues(D, f);
+  dumpProtos(D, f);
+  dumpDebug(D, f);
 }
 
 
-static void DumpHeader (DumpState *D) {
-  DumpLiteral(LUA_SIGNATURE, D);
-  DumpInt(LUAC_VERSION, D);
-  DumpByte(LUAC_FORMAT, D);
-  DumpLiteral(LUAC_DATA, D);
-  DumpByte(sizeof(Instruction), D);
-  DumpByte(sizeof(lua_Integer), D);
-  DumpByte(sizeof(lua_Number), D);
-  DumpInteger(LUAC_INT, D);
-  DumpNumber(LUAC_NUM, D);
+static void dumpHeader (DumpState *D) {
+  dumpLiteral(D, LUA_SIGNATURE);
+  dumpByte(D, LUAC_VERSION);
+  dumpByte(D, LUAC_FORMAT);
+  dumpLiteral(D, LUAC_DATA);
+  dumpByte(D, sizeof(Instruction));
+  dumpByte(D, sizeof(lua_Integer));
+  dumpByte(D, sizeof(lua_Number));
+  dumpInteger(D, LUAC_INT);
+  dumpNumber(D, LUAC_NUM);
 }
 
 
@@ -221,9 +218,9 @@ int luaU_dump(lua_State *L, const Proto *f, lua_Writer w, void *data,
   D.data = data;
   D.strip = strip;
   D.status = 0;
-  DumpHeader(&D);
-  DumpByte(f->sizeupvalues, &D);
-  DumpFunction(f, NULL, &D);
+  dumpHeader(&D);
+  dumpByte(&D, f->sizeupvalues);
+  dumpFunction(&D, f, NULL);
   return D.status;
 }
 

lfunc.c

@@ -24,20 +24,20 @@
 
 
 
-CClosure *luaF_newCclosure (lua_State *L, int n) {
-  GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_TCCL, sizeCclosure(n));
+CClosure *luaF_newCclosure (lua_State *L, int nupvals) {
+  GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_VCCL, sizeCclosure(nupvals));
   CClosure *c = gco2ccl(o);
-  c->nupvalues = cast_byte(n);
+  c->nupvalues = cast_byte(nupvals);
   return c;
 }
 
 
-LClosure *luaF_newLclosure (lua_State *L, int n) {
-  GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_TLCL, sizeLclosure(n));
+LClosure *luaF_newLclosure (lua_State *L, int nupvals) {
+  GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_VLCL, sizeLclosure(nupvals));
   LClosure *c = gco2lcl(o);
   c->p = NULL;
-  c->nupvalues = cast_byte(n);
-  while (n--) c->upvals[n] = NULL;
+  c->nupvalues = cast_byte(nupvals);
+  while (nupvals--) c->upvals[nupvals] = NULL;
   return c;
 }
 
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ LClosure *luaF_newLclosure (lua_State *L, int n) {
 void luaF_initupvals (lua_State *L, LClosure *cl) {
   int i;
   for (i = 0; i < cl->nupvalues; i++) {
-    GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_TUPVAL, sizeof(UpVal));
+    GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_VUPVAL, sizeof(UpVal));
     UpVal *uv = gco2upv(o);
     uv->v = &uv->u.value;  /* make it closed */
     setnilvalue(uv->v);
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ void luaF_initupvals (lua_State *L, LClosure *cl) {
 ** open upvalues of 'L' after entry 'prev'.
 **/
 static UpVal *newupval (lua_State *L, int tbc, StkId level, UpVal **prev) {
-  GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_TUPVAL, sizeof(UpVal));
+  GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_VUPVAL, sizeof(UpVal));
   UpVal *uv = gco2upv(o);
   UpVal *next = *prev;
   uv->v = s2v(level);  /* current value lives in the stack */
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ static int callclosemth (lua_State *L, StkId level, int status) {
       if (newstatus != LUA_OK && status == CLOSEPROTECT)  /* first error? */
         status = newstatus;  /* this will be the new error */
       else {
-        if (newstatus != LUA_OK)  /* supressed error? */
+        if (newstatus != LUA_OK)  /* suppressed error? */
           luaE_warnerror(L, "__close metamethod");
         /* leave original error (or nil) on top */
         L->top = restorestack(L, oldtop);
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ int luaF_close (lua_State *L, StkId level, int status) {
 
 
 Proto *luaF_newproto (lua_State *L) {
-  GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_TPROTO, sizeof(Proto));
+  GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_VPROTO, sizeof(Proto));
   Proto *f = gco2p(o);
   f->k = NULL;
   f->sizek = 0;

lfunc.h

@@ -54,8 +54,8 @@
 
 
 LUAI_FUNC Proto *luaF_newproto (lua_State *L);
-LUAI_FUNC CClosure *luaF_newCclosure (lua_State *L, int nelems);
-LUAI_FUNC LClosure *luaF_newLclosure (lua_State *L, int nelems);
+LUAI_FUNC CClosure *luaF_newCclosure (lua_State *L, int nupvals);
+LUAI_FUNC LClosure *luaF_newLclosure (lua_State *L, int nupvals);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaF_initupvals (lua_State *L, LClosure *cl);
 LUAI_FUNC UpVal *luaF_findupval (lua_State *L, StkId level);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaF_newtbcupval (lua_State *L, StkId level);

lgc.c

@@ -119,12 +119,12 @@ static void entersweep (lua_State *L);
 
 static GCObject **getgclist (GCObject *o) {
   switch (o->tt) {
-    case LUA_TTABLE: return &gco2t(o)->gclist;
-    case LUA_TLCL: return &gco2lcl(o)->gclist;
-    case LUA_TCCL: return &gco2ccl(o)->gclist;
-    case LUA_TTHREAD: return &gco2th(o)->gclist;
-    case LUA_TPROTO: return &gco2p(o)->gclist;
-    case LUA_TUSERDATA: {
+    case LUA_VTABLE: return &gco2t(o)->gclist;
+    case LUA_VLCL: return &gco2lcl(o)->gclist;
+    case LUA_VCCL: return &gco2ccl(o)->gclist;
+    case LUA_VTHREAD: return &gco2th(o)->gclist;
+    case LUA_VPROTO: return &gco2p(o)->gclist;
+    case LUA_VUSERDATA: {
       Udata *u = gco2u(o);
       lua_assert(u->nuvalue > 0);
       return &u->gclist;
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ static GCObject **getgclist (GCObject *o) {
 ** and its key is not marked, mark its entry as dead. This allows the
 ** collection of the key, but keeps its entry in the table (its removal
 ** could break a chain). The main feature of a dead key is that it must
-** be different from any other value, to do not disturb searches. 
+** be different from any other value, to do not disturb searches.
 ** Other places never manipulate dead keys, because its associated empty
 ** value is enough to signal that the entry is logically empty.
 */
@@ -268,19 +268,19 @@ GCObject *luaC_newobj (lua_State *L, int tt, size_t sz) {
 static void reallymarkobject (global_State *g, GCObject *o) {
   white2gray(o);
   switch (o->tt) {
-    case LUA_TSHRSTR:
-    case LUA_TLNGSTR: {
+    case LUA_VSHRSTR:
+    case LUA_VLNGSTR: {
       gray2black(o);
       break;
     }
-    case LUA_TUPVAL: {
+    case LUA_VUPVAL: {
       UpVal *uv = gco2upv(o);
       if (!upisopen(uv))  /* open upvalues are kept gray */
         gray2black(o);
       markvalue(g, uv->v);  /* mark its content */
       break;
     }
-    case LUA_TUSERDATA: {
+    case LUA_VUSERDATA: {
       Udata *u = gco2u(o);
       if (u->nuvalue == 0) {  /* no user values? */
         markobjectN(g, u->metatable);  /* mark its metatable */
@@ -289,8 +289,8 @@ static void reallymarkobject (global_State *g, GCObject *o) {
       }
       /* else... */
     }  /* FALLTHROUGH */
-    case LUA_TLCL: case LUA_TCCL: case LUA_TTABLE:
-    case LUA_TTHREAD: case LUA_TPROTO: {
+    case LUA_VLCL: case LUA_VCCL: case LUA_VTABLE:
+    case LUA_VTHREAD: case LUA_VPROTO: {
       linkobjgclist(o, g->gray);
       break;
     }
@@ -598,12 +598,12 @@ static lu_mem propagatemark (global_State *g) {
   gray2black(o);
   g->gray = *getgclist(o);  /* remove from 'gray' list */
   switch (o->tt) {
-    case LUA_TTABLE: return traversetable(g, gco2t(o));
-    case LUA_TUSERDATA: return traverseudata(g, gco2u(o));
-    case LUA_TLCL: return traverseLclosure(g, gco2lcl(o));
-    case LUA_TCCL: return traverseCclosure(g, gco2ccl(o));
-    case LUA_TPROTO: return traverseproto(g, gco2p(o));
-    case LUA_TTHREAD: {
+    case LUA_VTABLE: return traversetable(g, gco2t(o));
+    case LUA_VUSERDATA: return traverseudata(g, gco2u(o));
+    case LUA_VLCL: return traverseLclosure(g, gco2lcl(o));
+    case LUA_VCCL: return traverseCclosure(g, gco2ccl(o));
+    case LUA_VPROTO: return traverseproto(g, gco2p(o));
+    case LUA_VTHREAD: {
       lua_State *th = gco2th(o);
       linkgclist(th, g->grayagain);  /* insert into 'grayagain' list */
       black2gray(o);
@@ -710,34 +710,34 @@ static void freeupval (lua_State *L, UpVal *uv) {
 
 static void freeobj (lua_State *L, GCObject *o) {
   switch (o->tt) {
-    case LUA_TPROTO:
+    case LUA_VPROTO:
       luaF_freeproto(L, gco2p(o));
       break;
-    case LUA_TUPVAL:
+    case LUA_VUPVAL:
       freeupval(L, gco2upv(o));
       break;
-    case LUA_TLCL:
+    case LUA_VLCL:
       luaM_freemem(L, o, sizeLclosure(gco2lcl(o)->nupvalues));
       break;
-    case LUA_TCCL:
+    case LUA_VCCL:
       luaM_freemem(L, o, sizeCclosure(gco2ccl(o)->nupvalues));
       break;
-    case LUA_TTABLE:
+    case LUA_VTABLE:
       luaH_free(L, gco2t(o));
       break;
-    case LUA_TTHREAD:
+    case LUA_VTHREAD:
       luaE_freethread(L, gco2th(o));
       break;
-    case LUA_TUSERDATA: {
+    case LUA_VUSERDATA: {
       Udata *u = gco2u(o);
       luaM_freemem(L, o, sizeudata(u->nuvalue, u->len));
       break;
     }
-    case LUA_TSHRSTR:
+    case LUA_VSHRSTR:
       luaS_remove(L, gco2ts(o));  /* remove it from hash table */
       luaM_freemem(L, o, sizelstring(gco2ts(o)->shrlen));
       break;
-    case LUA_TLNGSTR:
+    case LUA_VLNGSTR:
       luaM_freemem(L, o, sizelstring(gco2ts(o)->u.lnglen));
       break;
     default: lua_assert(0);
@@ -1049,7 +1049,7 @@ static GCObject **correctgraylist (GCObject **p) {
   GCObject *curr;
   while ((curr = *p) != NULL) {
     switch (curr->tt) {
-      case LUA_TTABLE: case LUA_TUSERDATA: {
+      case LUA_VTABLE: case LUA_VUSERDATA: {
         GCObject **next = getgclist(curr);
         if (getage(curr) == G_TOUCHED1) {  /* touched in this cycle? */
           lua_assert(isgray(curr));
@@ -1069,7 +1069,7 @@ static GCObject **correctgraylist (GCObject **p) {
         }
         break;
       }
-      case LUA_TTHREAD: {
+      case LUA_VTHREAD: {
         lua_State *th = gco2th(curr);
         lua_assert(!isblack(th));
         if (iswhite(th))  /* new object? */
@@ -1565,6 +1565,7 @@ static void incstep (lua_State *L, global_State *g) {
 */
 void luaC_step (lua_State *L) {
   global_State *g = G(L);
+  lua_assert(!g->gcemergency);
   if (g->gcrunning) {  /* running? */
     if(isdecGCmodegen(g))
       genstep(L, g);

liolib.c

@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ static int f_close (lua_State *L) {
 
 static int io_close (lua_State *L) {
   if (lua_isnone(L, 1))  /* no argument? */
-    lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, IO_OUTPUT);  /* use standard output */
+    lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, IO_OUTPUT);  /* use default output */
   return f_close(L);
 }
 
@@ -270,6 +270,7 @@ static int io_open (lua_State *L) {
 */
 static int io_pclose (lua_State *L) {
   LStream *p = tolstream(L);
+  errno = 0;
   return luaL_execresult(L, l_pclose(L, p->f));
 }
 
@@ -296,7 +297,7 @@ static FILE *getiofile (lua_State *L, const char *findex) {
   lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, findex);
   p = (LStream *)lua_touserdata(L, -1);
   if (isclosed(p))
-    luaL_error(L, "standard %s file is closed", findex + IOPREF_LEN);
+    luaL_error(L, "default %s file is closed", findex + IOPREF_LEN);
   return p->f;
 }
 

ljumptab.h

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 #define vmbreak		vmfetch(); vmdispatch(GET_OPCODE(i));
 
 
-static void *disptab[NUM_OPCODES] = {
+static const void *const disptab[NUM_OPCODES] = {
 
 #if 0
 ** you can update the following list with this command:
@@ -30,7 +30,9 @@ static void *disptab[NUM_OPCODES] = {
 &&L_OP_LOADF,
 &&L_OP_LOADK,
 &&L_OP_LOADKX,
-&&L_OP_LOADBOOL,
+&&L_OP_LOADFALSE,
+&&L_OP_LFALSESKIP,
+&&L_OP_LOADTRUE,
 &&L_OP_LOADNIL,
 &&L_OP_GETUPVAL,
 &&L_OP_SETUPVAL,

llex.c

@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ TString *luaX_newstring (LexState *ls, const char *str, size_t l) {
   if (isempty(o)) {  /* not in use yet? */
     /* boolean value does not need GC barrier;
        table is not a metatable, so it does not need to invalidate cache */
-    setbvalue(o, 1);  /* t[string] = true */
+    setbtvalue(o);  /* t[string] = true */
     luaC_checkGC(L);
   }
   else {  /* string already present */

llimits.h

@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ typedef LUAI_UACINT l_uacInt;
 ** assertion for checking API calls
 */
 #if !defined(luai_apicheck)
-#define luai_apicheck(l,e)	lua_assert(e)
+#define luai_apicheck(l,e)	((void)l, lua_assert(e))
 #endif
 
 #define api_check(l,e,msg)	luai_apicheck(l,(e) && msg)

lmathlib.c

@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ static int math_type (lua_State *L) {
 */
 
 /* number of binary digits in the mantissa of a float */
-#define FIGS	l_mathlim(MANT_DIG)
+#define FIGS	l_floatatt(MANT_DIG)
 
 #if FIGS > 64
 /* there are only 64 random bits; use them all */
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ static Rand64 nextrand (Rand64 *state) {
 */
 
 /* must throw out the extra (64 - FIGS) bits */
-#define shift64_FIG  	(64 - FIGS)
+#define shift64_FIG	(64 - FIGS)
 
 /* to scale to [0, 1), multiply by scaleFIG = 2^(-FIGS) */
 #define scaleFIG	(l_mathop(0.5) / ((Rand64)1 << (FIGS - 1)))
@@ -522,16 +522,18 @@ typedef struct {
 ** Project the random integer 'ran' into the interval [0, n].
 ** Because 'ran' has 2^B possible values, the projection can only be
 ** uniform when the size of the interval is a power of 2 (exact
-** division).  To get a uniform projection into [0, n], we first compute
-** 'lim', the smallest Mersenne number not smaller than 'n'. We then
-** project 'ran' into the interval [0, lim].  If the result is inside
-** [0, n], we are done. Otherwise, we try with another 'ran', until we
-** have a result inside the interval.
+** division). Otherwise, to get a uniform projection into [0, n], we
+** first compute 'lim', the smallest Mersenne number not smaller than
+** 'n'. We then project 'ran' into the interval [0, lim].  If the result
+** is inside [0, n], we are done. Otherwise, we try with another 'ran',
+** until we have a result inside the interval.
 */
 static lua_Unsigned project (lua_Unsigned ran, lua_Unsigned n,
                              RanState *state) {
-  lua_Unsigned lim = n;
-  if ((lim & (lim + 1)) > 0) {  /* 'lim + 1' is not a power of 2? */
+  if ((n & (n + 1)) == 0)  /* is 'n + 1' a power of 2? */
+    return ran & n;  /* no bias */
+  else {
+    lua_Unsigned lim = n;
     /* compute the smallest (2^b - 1) not smaller than 'n' */
     lim |= (lim >> 1);
     lim |= (lim >> 2);
@@ -541,13 +543,13 @@ static lua_Unsigned project (lua_Unsigned ran, lua_Unsigned n,
 #if (LUA_MAXUNSIGNED >> 31) >= 3
     lim |= (lim >> 32);  /* integer type has more than 32 bits */
 #endif
+    lua_assert((lim & (lim + 1)) == 0  /* 'lim + 1' is a power of 2, */
+      && lim >= n  /* not smaller than 'n', */
+      && (lim >> 1) < n);  /* and it is the smallest one */
+    while ((ran &= lim) > n)  /* project 'ran' into [0..lim] */
+      ran = I2UInt(nextrand(state->s));  /* not inside [0..n]? try again */
+    return ran;
   }
-  lua_assert((lim & (lim + 1)) == 0  /* 'lim + 1' is a power of 2, */
-    && lim >= n  /* not smaller than 'n', */
-    && (lim == 0 || (lim >> 1) < n));  /* and it is the smallest one */
-  while ((ran &= lim) > n)  /* project 'ran' into [0..lim] */
-    ran = I2UInt(nextrand(state->s));  /* not inside [0..n]? try again */
-  return ran;
 }
 
 

lmem.c

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 /*
 ** First allocation will fail whenever not building initial state
 ** and not shrinking a block. (This fail will trigger 'tryagain' and
-** a full GC cycle at every alocation.)
+** a full GC cycle at every allocation.)
 */
 static void *firsttry (global_State *g, void *block, size_t os, size_t ns) {
   if (ttisnil(&g->nilvalue) && ns > os)

loadlib.c

@@ -67,6 +67,13 @@ static const char *const CLIBS = "_CLIBS";
 #define setprogdir(L)           ((void)0)
 
 
+/*
+** Special type equivalent to '(void*)' for functions in gcc
+** (to suppress warnings when converting function pointers)
+*/
+typedef void (*voidf)(void);
+
+
 /*
 ** system-dependent functions
 */
@@ -206,7 +213,7 @@ static void *lsys_load (lua_State *L, const char *path, int seeglb) {
 
 
 static lua_CFunction lsys_sym (lua_State *L, void *lib, const char *sym) {
-  lua_CFunction f = (lua_CFunction)GetProcAddress((HMODULE)lib, sym);
+  lua_CFunction f = (lua_CFunction)(voidf)GetProcAddress((HMODULE)lib, sym);
   if (f == NULL) pusherror(L);
   return f;
 }
@@ -269,8 +276,6 @@ static lua_CFunction lsys_sym (lua_State *L, void *lib, const char *sym) {
 #endif
 
 
-#define AUXMARK         "\1"	/* auxiliary mark */
-
 
 /*
 ** return registry.LUA_NOENV as a boolean
@@ -458,13 +463,13 @@ static const char *getnextfilename (char **path, char *end) {
 /*
 ** Given a path such as ";blabla.so;blublu.so", pushes the string
 **
-** 	no file 'blabla.so'
+** no file 'blabla.so'
 **	no file 'blublu.so'
 */
 static void pusherrornotfound (lua_State *L, const char *path) {
   luaL_Buffer b;
   luaL_buffinit(L, &b);
-  luaL_addstring(&b, "\n\tno file '");
+  luaL_addstring(&b, "no file '");
   luaL_addgsub(&b, path, LUA_PATH_SEP, "'\n\tno file '");
   luaL_addstring(&b, "'");
   luaL_pushresult(&b);
@@ -591,7 +596,7 @@ static int searcher_Croot (lua_State *L) {
     if (stat != ERRFUNC)
       return checkload(L, 0, filename);  /* real error */
     else {  /* open function not found */
-      lua_pushfstring(L, "\n\tno module '%s' in file '%s'", name, filename);
+      lua_pushfstring(L, "no module '%s' in file '%s'", name, filename);
       return 1;
     }
   }
@@ -604,7 +609,7 @@ static int searcher_preload (lua_State *L) {
   const char *name = luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
   lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, LUA_PRELOAD_TABLE);
   if (lua_getfield(L, -1, name) == LUA_TNIL) {  /* not found? */
-    lua_pushfstring(L, "\n\tno field package.preload['%s']", name);
+    lua_pushfstring(L, "no field package.preload['%s']", name);
     return 1;
   }
   else {
@@ -623,8 +628,10 @@ static void findloader (lua_State *L, const char *name) {
   luaL_buffinit(L, &msg);
   /*  iterate over available searchers to find a loader */
   for (i = 1; ; i++) {
+    luaL_addstring(&msg, "\n\t");  /* error-message prefix */
     if (lua_rawgeti(L, 3, i) == LUA_TNIL) {  /* no more searchers? */
       lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove nil */
+      luaL_buffsub(&msg, 2);  /* remove prefix */
       luaL_pushresult(&msg);  /* create error message */
       luaL_error(L, "module '%s' not found:%s", name, lua_tostring(L, -1));
     }
@@ -636,8 +643,10 @@ static void findloader (lua_State *L, const char *name) {
       lua_pop(L, 1);  /* remove extra return */
       luaL_addvalue(&msg);  /* concatenate error message */
     }
-    else
+    else {  /* no error message */
       lua_pop(L, 2);  /* remove both returns */
+      luaL_buffsub(&msg, 2);  /* remove prefix */
+    }
   }
 }
 

lobject.h

@@ -17,24 +17,28 @@
 
 
 /*
-** Extra tags for non-values
+** Extra types for collectable non-values
 */
-#define LUA_TUPVAL	LUA_NUMTAGS  /* upvalues */
-#define LUA_TPROTO	(LUA_NUMTAGS+1)  /* function prototypes */
+#define LUA_TUPVAL	LUA_NUMTYPES  /* upvalues */
+#define LUA_TPROTO	(LUA_NUMTYPES+1)  /* function prototypes */
+
 
 /*
-** number of all possible tags (including LUA_TNONE)
+** number of all possible types (including LUA_TNONE)
 */
-#define LUA_TOTALTAGS	(LUA_TPROTO + 2)
+#define LUA_TOTALTYPES		(LUA_TPROTO + 2)
 
 
 /*
 ** tags for Tagged Values have the following use of bits:
-** bits 0-3: actual tag (a LUA_T* value)
+** bits 0-3: actual tag (a LUA_T* constant)
 ** bits 4-5: variant bits
 ** bit 6: whether value is collectable
 */
 
+/* add variant bits to a type */
+#define makevariant(t,v)	((t) | ((v) << 4))
+
 
 
 /*
@@ -43,7 +47,6 @@
 typedef union Value {
   struct GCObject *gc;    /* collectable objects */
   void *p;         /* light userdata */
-  int b;           /* booleans */
   lua_CFunction f; /* light C functions */
   lua_Integer i;   /* integer numbers */
   lua_Number n;    /* float numbers */
@@ -86,24 +89,35 @@ typedef struct TValue {
 
 
 /* Macros for internal tests */
+
+/* collectable object has the same tag as the original value */
 #define righttt(obj)		(ttypetag(obj) == gcvalue(obj)->tt)
 
+/*
+** Any value being manipulated by the program either is non
+** collectable, or the collectable object has the right tag
+** and it is not dead.
+*/
 #define checkliveness(L,obj) \
 	((void)L, lua_longassert(!iscollectable(obj) || \
 		(righttt(obj) && (L == NULL || !isdead(G(L),gcvalue(obj))))))
 
 
 /* Macros to set values */
+
+/* set a value's tag */
 #define settt_(o,t)	((o)->tt_=(t))
 
 
+/* main macro to copy values (from 'obj1' to 'obj2') */
 #define setobj(L,obj1,obj2) \
 	{ TValue *io1=(obj1); const TValue *io2=(obj2); \
-          io1->value_ = io2->value_; io1->tt_ = io2->tt_; \
-	  checkliveness(L,io1); lua_assert(!isreallyempty(io1)); }
+          io1->value_ = io2->value_; settt_(io1, io2->tt_); \
+	  checkliveness(L,io1); lua_assert(!isnonstrictnil(io1)); }
 
 /*
-** different types of assignments, according to destination
+** Different types of assignments, according to source and destination.
+** (They are mostly equal now, but may be different in the future.)
 */
 
 /* from stack to stack */
@@ -118,13 +132,16 @@ typedef struct TValue {
 #define setobj2t	setobj
 
 
-
+/*
+** Entries in the Lua stack
+*/
 typedef union StackValue {
   TValue val;
 } StackValue;
 
 
-typedef StackValue *StkId;  /* index to stack elements */
+/* index to stack elements */
+typedef StackValue *StkId;
 
 /* convert a 'StackValue' to a 'TValue' */
 #define s2v(o)	(&(o)->val)
@@ -137,36 +154,34 @@ typedef StackValue *StkId;  /* index to stack elements */
 ** ===================================================================
 */
 
+/* Standard nil */
+#define LUA_VNIL	makevariant(LUA_TNIL, 0)
+
+/* Empty slot (which might be different from a slot containing nil) */
+#define LUA_VEMPTY	makevariant(LUA_TNIL, 1)
+
+/* Value returned for a key not found in a table (absent key) */
+#define LUA_VABSTKEY	makevariant(LUA_TNIL, 2)
+
+
 /* macro to test for (any kind of) nil */
 #define ttisnil(v)		checktype((v), LUA_TNIL)
 
-/* macro to test for a "pure" nil */
-#define ttisstrictnil(o)	checktag((o), LUA_TNIL)
+
+/* macro to test for a standard nil */
+#define ttisstrictnil(o)	checktag((o), LUA_VNIL)
 
 
-#define setnilvalue(obj) settt_(obj, LUA_TNIL)
+#define setnilvalue(obj) settt_(obj, LUA_VNIL)
 
 
-/*
-** Variant tag, used only in tables to signal an empty slot
-** (which might be different from a slot containing nil)
-*/
-#define LUA_TEMPTY	(LUA_TNIL | (1 << 4))
-
-/*
-** Variant used only in the value returned for a key not found in a
-** table (absent key).
-*/
-#define LUA_TABSTKEY	(LUA_TNIL | (2 << 4))
-
-
-#define isabstkey(v)		checktag((v), LUA_TABSTKEY)
+#define isabstkey(v)		checktag((v), LUA_VABSTKEY)
 
 
 /*
 ** macro to detect non-standard nils (used only in assertions)
 */
-#define isreallyempty(v)	(ttisnil(v) && !ttisstrictnil(v))
+#define isnonstrictnil(v)	(ttisnil(v) && !ttisstrictnil(v))
 
 
 /*
@@ -178,11 +193,11 @@ typedef StackValue *StkId;  /* index to stack elements */
 
 
 /* macro defining a value corresponding to an absent key */
-#define ABSTKEYCONSTANT		{NULL}, LUA_TABSTKEY
+#define ABSTKEYCONSTANT		{NULL}, LUA_VABSTKEY
 
 
 /* mark an entry as empty */
-#define setempty(v)		settt_(v, LUA_TEMPTY)
+#define setempty(v)		settt_(v, LUA_VEMPTY)
 
 
 
@@ -195,16 +210,20 @@ typedef StackValue *StkId;  /* index to stack elements */
 ** ===================================================================
 */
 
-#define ttisboolean(o)		checktag((o), LUA_TBOOLEAN)
 
-#define bvalue(o)	check_exp(ttisboolean(o), val_(o).b)
+#define LUA_VFALSE	makevariant(LUA_TBOOLEAN, 0)
+#define LUA_VTRUE	makevariant(LUA_TBOOLEAN, 1)
 
-#define bvalueraw(v)	((v).b)
+#define ttisboolean(o)		checktype((o), LUA_TBOOLEAN)
+#define ttisfalse(o)		checktag((o), LUA_VFALSE)
+#define ttistrue(o)		checktag((o), LUA_VTRUE)
 
-#define l_isfalse(o)	(ttisnil(o) || (ttisboolean(o) && bvalue(o) == 0))
 
-#define setbvalue(obj,x) \
-  { TValue *io=(obj); val_(io).b=(x); settt_(io, LUA_TBOOLEAN); }
+#define l_isfalse(o)	(ttisfalse(o) || ttisnil(o))
+
+
+#define setbfvalue(obj)		settt_(obj, LUA_VFALSE)
+#define setbtvalue(obj)		settt_(obj, LUA_VTRUE)
 
 /* }================================================================== */
 
@@ -215,13 +234,15 @@ typedef StackValue *StkId;  /* index to stack elements */
 ** ===================================================================
 */
 
-#define ttisthread(o)		checktag((o), ctb(LUA_TTHREAD))
+#define LUA_VTHREAD		makevariant(LUA_TTHREAD, 0)
+
+#define ttisthread(o)		checktag((o), ctb(LUA_VTHREAD))
 
 #define thvalue(o)	check_exp(ttisthread(o), gco2th(val_(o).gc))
 
 #define setthvalue(L,obj,x) \
   { TValue *io = (obj); lua_State *x_ = (x); \
-    val_(io).gc = obj2gco(x_); settt_(io, ctb(LUA_TTHREAD)); \
+    val_(io).gc = obj2gco(x_); settt_(io, ctb(LUA_VTHREAD)); \
     checkliveness(L,io); }
 
 #define setthvalue2s(L,o,t)	setthvalue(L,s2v(o),t)
@@ -274,12 +295,12 @@ typedef struct GCObject {
 */
 
 /* Variant tags for numbers */
-#define LUA_TNUMFLT	(LUA_TNUMBER | (1 << 4))  /* float numbers */
-#define LUA_TNUMINT	(LUA_TNUMBER | (2 << 4))  /* integer numbers */
+#define LUA_VNUMINT	makevariant(LUA_TNUMBER, 0)  /* integer numbers */
+#define LUA_VNUMFLT	makevariant(LUA_TNUMBER, 1)  /* float numbers */
 
 #define ttisnumber(o)		checktype((o), LUA_TNUMBER)
-#define ttisfloat(o)		checktag((o), LUA_TNUMFLT)
-#define ttisinteger(o)		checktag((o), LUA_TNUMINT)
+#define ttisfloat(o)		checktag((o), LUA_VNUMFLT)
+#define ttisinteger(o)		checktag((o), LUA_VNUMINT)
 
 #define nvalue(o)	check_exp(ttisnumber(o), \
 	(ttisinteger(o) ? cast_num(ivalue(o)) : fltvalue(o)))
@@ -290,13 +311,13 @@ typedef struct GCObject {
 #define ivalueraw(v)	((v).i)
 
 #define setfltvalue(obj,x) \
-  { TValue *io=(obj); val_(io).n=(x); settt_(io, LUA_TNUMFLT); }
+  { TValue *io=(obj); val_(io).n=(x); settt_(io, LUA_VNUMFLT); }
 
 #define chgfltvalue(obj,x) \
   { TValue *io=(obj); lua_assert(ttisfloat(io)); val_(io).n=(x); }
 
 #define setivalue(obj,x) \
-  { TValue *io=(obj); val_(io).i=(x); settt_(io, LUA_TNUMINT); }
+  { TValue *io=(obj); val_(io).i=(x); settt_(io, LUA_VNUMINT); }
 
 #define chgivalue(obj,x) \
   { TValue *io=(obj); lua_assert(ttisinteger(io)); val_(io).i=(x); }
@@ -311,12 +332,12 @@ typedef struct GCObject {
 */
 
 /* Variant tags for strings */
-#define LUA_TSHRSTR	(LUA_TSTRING | (1 << 4))  /* short strings */
-#define LUA_TLNGSTR	(LUA_TSTRING | (2 << 4))  /* long strings */
+#define LUA_VSHRSTR	makevariant(LUA_TSTRING, 0)  /* short strings */
+#define LUA_VLNGSTR	makevariant(LUA_TSTRING, 1)  /* long strings */
 
 #define ttisstring(o)		checktype((o), LUA_TSTRING)
-#define ttisshrstring(o)	checktag((o), ctb(LUA_TSHRSTR))
-#define ttislngstring(o)	checktag((o), ctb(LUA_TLNGSTR))
+#define ttisshrstring(o)	checktag((o), ctb(LUA_VSHRSTR))
+#define ttislngstring(o)	checktag((o), ctb(LUA_VLNGSTR))
 
 #define tsvalueraw(v)	(gco2ts((v).gc))
 
@@ -335,8 +356,7 @@ typedef struct GCObject {
 
 
 /*
-** Header for string value; string bytes follow the end of this structure
-** (aligned according to 'UTString'; see next).
+** Header for a string value.
 */
 typedef struct TString {
   CommonHeader;
@@ -347,23 +367,22 @@ typedef struct TString {
     size_t lnglen;  /* length for long strings */
     struct TString *hnext;  /* linked list for hash table */
   } u;
+  char contents[1];
 } TString;
 
 
 
 /*
 ** Get the actual string (array of bytes) from a 'TString'.
-** (Access to 'extra' ensures that value is really a 'TString'.)
 */
-#define getstr(ts)  \
-  check_exp(sizeof((ts)->extra), cast_charp((ts)) + sizeof(TString))
+#define getstr(ts)  ((ts)->contents)
 
 
 /* get the actual string (array of bytes) from a Lua value */
 #define svalue(o)       getstr(tsvalue(o))
 
 /* get string length from 'TString *s' */
-#define tsslen(s)	((s)->tt == LUA_TSHRSTR ? (s)->shrlen : (s)->u.lnglen)
+#define tsslen(s)	((s)->tt == LUA_VSHRSTR ? (s)->shrlen : (s)->u.lnglen)
 
 /* get string length from 'TValue *o' */
 #define vslen(o)	tsslen(tsvalue(o))
@@ -377,8 +396,17 @@ typedef struct TString {
 ** ===================================================================
 */
 
-#define ttislightuserdata(o)	checktag((o), LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA)
-#define ttisfulluserdata(o)	checktype((o), LUA_TUSERDATA)
+
+/*
+** Light userdata should be a variant of userdata, but for compatibility
+** reasons they are also different types.
+*/
+#define LUA_VLIGHTUSERDATA	makevariant(LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA, 0)
+
+#define LUA_VUSERDATA		makevariant(LUA_TUSERDATA, 0)
+
+#define ttislightuserdata(o)	checktag((o), LUA_VLIGHTUSERDATA)
+#define ttisfulluserdata(o)	checktag((o), ctb(LUA_VUSERDATA))
 
 #define pvalue(o)	check_exp(ttislightuserdata(o), val_(o).p)
 #define uvalue(o)	check_exp(ttisfulluserdata(o), gco2u(val_(o).gc))
@@ -386,11 +414,11 @@ typedef struct TString {
 #define pvalueraw(v)	((v).p)
 
 #define setpvalue(obj,x) \
-  { TValue *io=(obj); val_(io).p=(x); settt_(io, LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA); }
+  { TValue *io=(obj); val_(io).p=(x); settt_(io, LUA_VLIGHTUSERDATA); }
 
 #define setuvalue(L,obj,x) \
   { TValue *io = (obj); Udata *x_ = (x); \
-    val_(io).gc = obj2gco(x_); settt_(io, ctb(LUA_TUSERDATA)); \
+    val_(io).gc = obj2gco(x_); settt_(io, ctb(LUA_VUSERDATA)); \
     checkliveness(L,io); }
 
 
@@ -453,6 +481,9 @@ typedef struct Udata0 {
 ** ===================================================================
 */
 
+#define LUA_VPROTO	makevariant(LUA_TPROTO, 0)
+
+
 /*
 ** Description of an upvalue for function prototypes
 */
@@ -527,16 +558,19 @@ typedef struct Proto {
 ** ===================================================================
 */
 
+#define LUA_VUPVAL	makevariant(LUA_TUPVAL, 0)
+
+
 /* Variant tags for functions */
-#define LUA_TLCL	(LUA_TFUNCTION | (1 << 4))  /* Lua closure */
-#define LUA_TLCF	(LUA_TFUNCTION | (2 << 4))  /* light C function */
-#define LUA_TCCL	(LUA_TFUNCTION | (3 << 4))  /* C closure */
+#define LUA_VLCL	makevariant(LUA_TFUNCTION, 0)  /* Lua closure */
+#define LUA_VLCF	makevariant(LUA_TFUNCTION, 1)  /* light C function */
+#define LUA_VCCL	makevariant(LUA_TFUNCTION, 2)  /* C closure */
 
 #define ttisfunction(o)		checktype(o, LUA_TFUNCTION)
-#define ttisclosure(o)		((rawtt(o) & 0x1F) == LUA_TLCL)
-#define ttisLclosure(o)		checktag((o), ctb(LUA_TLCL))
-#define ttislcf(o)		checktag((o), LUA_TLCF)
-#define ttisCclosure(o)		checktag((o), ctb(LUA_TCCL))
+#define ttisclosure(o)		((rawtt(o) & 0x1F) == LUA_VLCL)
+#define ttisLclosure(o)		checktag((o), ctb(LUA_VLCL))
+#define ttislcf(o)		checktag((o), LUA_VLCF)
+#define ttisCclosure(o)		checktag((o), ctb(LUA_VCCL))
 
 #define isLfunction(o)	ttisLclosure(o)
 
@@ -549,17 +583,17 @@ typedef struct Proto {
 
 #define setclLvalue(L,obj,x) \
   { TValue *io = (obj); LClosure *x_ = (x); \
-    val_(io).gc = obj2gco(x_); settt_(io, ctb(LUA_TLCL)); \
+    val_(io).gc = obj2gco(x_); settt_(io, ctb(LUA_VLCL)); \
     checkliveness(L,io); }
 
 #define setclLvalue2s(L,o,cl)	setclLvalue(L,s2v(o),cl)
 
 #define setfvalue(obj,x) \
-  { TValue *io=(obj); val_(io).f=(x); settt_(io, LUA_TLCF); }
+  { TValue *io=(obj); val_(io).f=(x); settt_(io, LUA_VLCF); }
 
 #define setclCvalue(L,obj,x) \
   { TValue *io = (obj); CClosure *x_ = (x); \
-    val_(io).gc = obj2gco(x_); settt_(io, ctb(LUA_TCCL)); \
+    val_(io).gc = obj2gco(x_); settt_(io, ctb(LUA_VCCL)); \
     checkliveness(L,io); }
 
 
@@ -615,13 +649,15 @@ typedef union Closure {
 ** ===================================================================
 */
 
-#define ttistable(o)		checktag((o), ctb(LUA_TTABLE))
+#define LUA_VTABLE	makevariant(LUA_TTABLE, 0)
+
+#define ttistable(o)		checktag((o), ctb(LUA_VTABLE))
 
 #define hvalue(o)	check_exp(ttistable(o), gco2t(val_(o).gc))
 
 #define sethvalue(L,obj,x) \
   { TValue *io = (obj); Table *x_ = (x); \
-    val_(io).gc = obj2gco(x_); settt_(io, ctb(LUA_TTABLE)); \
+    val_(io).gc = obj2gco(x_); settt_(io, ctb(LUA_VTABLE)); \
     checkliveness(L,io); }
 
 #define sethvalue2s(L,o,h)	sethvalue(L,s2v(o),h)
@@ -692,9 +728,9 @@ typedef struct Table {
 #define keyval(node)		((node)->u.key_val)
 
 #define keyisnil(node)		(keytt(node) == LUA_TNIL)
-#define keyisinteger(node)	(keytt(node) == LUA_TNUMINT)
+#define keyisinteger(node)	(keytt(node) == LUA_VNUMINT)
 #define keyival(node)		(keyval(node).i)
-#define keyisshrstr(node)	(keytt(node) == ctb(LUA_TSHRSTR))
+#define keyisshrstr(node)	(keytt(node) == ctb(LUA_VSHRSTR))
 #define keystrval(node)		(gco2ts(keyval(node).gc))
 
 #define setnilkey(node)		(keytt(node) = LUA_TNIL)

lopcodes.c

@@ -10,8 +10,6 @@
 #include "lprefix.h"
 
 
-#include <stddef.h>
-
 #include "lopcodes.h"
 
 
@@ -24,7 +22,9 @@ LUAI_DDEF const lu_byte luaP_opmodes[NUM_OPCODES] = {
  ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iAsBx)		/* OP_LOADF */
  ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABx)		/* OP_LOADK */
  ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABx)		/* OP_LOADKX */
- ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC)		/* OP_LOADBOOL */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC)		/* OP_LOADFALSE */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC)		/* OP_LFALSESKIP */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC)		/* OP_LOADTRUE */
  ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC)		/* OP_LOADNIL */
  ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC)		/* OP_GETUPVAL */
  ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, iABC)		/* OP_SETUPVAL */

lopcodes.h

@@ -17,11 +17,11 @@
 
         3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
         1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
-iABC         C(8)     |      B(8)     |k|     A(8)      |   Op(7)     |
-iABx               Bx(17)               |     A(8)      |   Op(7)     |
-iAsB              sBx (signed)(17)      |     A(8)      |   Op(7)     |
-iAx                           Ax(25)                    |   Op(7)     |
-isJ                          sJ(25)                     |   Op(7)     |
+iABC          C(8)     |      B(8)     |k|     A(8)      |   Op(7)     |
+iABx                Bx(17)               |     A(8)      |   Op(7)     |
+iAsBx              sBx (signed)(17)      |     A(8)      |   Op(7)     |
+iAx                           Ax(25)                     |   Op(7)     |
+isJ                           sJ(25)                     |   Op(7)     |
 
   A signed argument is represented in excess K: the represented value is
   the written unsigned value minus K, where K is half the maximum for the
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ enum OpMode {iABC, iABx, iAsBx, iAx, isJ};  /* basic instruction formats */
 #define GETARG_sC(i)	sC2int(GETARG_C(i))
 #define SETARG_C(i,v)	setarg(i, v, POS_C, SIZE_C)
 
-#define TESTARG_k(i)	(cast_int(((i) & (1u << POS_k))))
+#define TESTARG_k(i)	check_exp(checkopm(i, iABC), (cast_int(((i) & (1u << POS_k)))))
 #define GETARG_k(i)	check_exp(checkopm(i, iABC), getarg(i, POS_k, 1))
 #define SETARG_k(i,v)	setarg(i, v, POS_k, 1)
 
@@ -183,9 +183,9 @@ enum OpMode {iABC, iABx, iAsBx, iAx, isJ};  /* basic instruction formats */
 
 
 /*
-** R(x) - register
-** K(x) - constant (in constant table)
-** RK(x) == if k(i) then K(x) else R(x)
+** R[x] - register
+** K[x] - constant (in constant table)
+** RK(x) == if k(i) then K[x] else R[x]
 */
 
 
@@ -195,113 +195,115 @@ enum OpMode {iABC, iABx, iAsBx, iAx, isJ};  /* basic instruction formats */
 
 typedef enum {
 /*----------------------------------------------------------------------
-name		args	description
+  name		args	description
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-OP_MOVE,/*	A B	R(A) := R(B)					*/
-OP_LOADI,/*	A sBx	R(A) := sBx					*/
-OP_LOADF,/*	A sBx	R(A) := (lua_Number)sBx				*/
-OP_LOADK,/*	A Bx	R(A) := K(Bx)					*/
-OP_LOADKX,/*	A 	R(A) := K(extra arg)				*/
-OP_LOADBOOL,/*	A B C	R(A) := (Bool)B; if (C) pc++			*/
-OP_LOADNIL,/*	A B	R(A), R(A+1), ..., R(A+B) := nil		*/
-OP_GETUPVAL,/*	A B	R(A) := UpValue[B]				*/
-OP_SETUPVAL,/*	A B	UpValue[B] := R(A)				*/
+OP_MOVE,/*	A B	R[A] := R[B]					*/
+OP_LOADI,/*	A sBx	R[A] := sBx					*/
+OP_LOADF,/*	A sBx	R[A] := (lua_Number)sBx				*/
+OP_LOADK,/*	A Bx	R[A] := K[Bx]					*/
+OP_LOADKX,/*	A	R[A] := K[extra arg]				*/
+OP_LOADFALSE,/*	A	R[A] := false					*/
+OP_LFALSESKIP,/*A	R[A] := false; pc++				*/
+OP_LOADTRUE,/*	A	R[A] := true					*/
+OP_LOADNIL,/*	A B	R[A], R[A+1], ..., R[A+B] := nil		*/
+OP_GETUPVAL,/*	A B	R[A] := UpValue[B]				*/
+OP_SETUPVAL,/*	A B	UpValue[B] := R[A]				*/
 
-OP_GETTABUP,/*	A B C	R(A) := UpValue[B][K(C):string]			*/
-OP_GETTABLE,/*	A B C	R(A) := R(B)[R(C)]				*/
-OP_GETI,/*	A B C	R(A) := R(B)[C]					*/
-OP_GETFIELD,/*	A B C	R(A) := R(B)[K(C):string]			*/
+OP_GETTABUP,/*	A B C	R[A] := UpValue[B][K[C]:string]			*/
+OP_GETTABLE,/*	A B C	R[A] := R[B][R[C]]				*/
+OP_GETI,/*	A B C	R[A] := R[B][C]					*/
+OP_GETFIELD,/*	A B C	R[A] := R[B][K[C]:string]			*/
 
-OP_SETTABUP,/*	A B C	UpValue[A][K(B):string] := RK(C)		*/
-OP_SETTABLE,/*	A B C	R(A)[R(B)] := RK(C)				*/
-OP_SETI,/*	A B C	R(A)[B] := RK(C)				*/
-OP_SETFIELD,/*	A B C	R(A)[K(B):string] := RK(C)			*/
+OP_SETTABUP,/*	A B C	UpValue[A][K[B]:string] := RK(C)		*/
+OP_SETTABLE,/*	A B C	R[A][R[B]] := RK(C)				*/
+OP_SETI,/*	A B C	R[A][B] := RK(C)				*/
+OP_SETFIELD,/*	A B C	R[A][K[B]:string] := RK(C)			*/
 
-OP_NEWTABLE,/*	A B C	R(A) := {}					*/
+OP_NEWTABLE,/*	A B C k	R[A] := {}					*/
 
-OP_SELF,/*	A B C	R(A+1) := R(B); R(A) := R(B)[RK(C):string]	*/
+OP_SELF,/*	A B C	R[A+1] := R[B]; R[A] := R[B][RK(C):string]	*/
 
-OP_ADDI,/*	A B sC	R(A) := R(B) + sC				*/
+OP_ADDI,/*	A B sC	R[A] := R[B] + sC				*/
 
-OP_ADDK,/*	A B C	R(A) := R(B) + K(C)				*/
-OP_SUBK,/*	A B C	R(A) := R(B) - K(C)				*/
-OP_MULK,/*	A B C	R(A) := R(B) * K(C)				*/
-OP_MODK,/*	A B C	R(A) := R(B) % K(C)				*/
-OP_POWK,/*	A B C	R(A) := R(B) ^ K(C)				*/
-OP_DIVK,/*	A B C	R(A) := R(B) / K(C)				*/
-OP_IDIVK,/*	A B C	R(A) := R(B) // K(C)				*/
+OP_ADDK,/*	A B C	R[A] := R[B] + K[C]				*/
+OP_SUBK,/*	A B C	R[A] := R[B] - K[C]				*/
+OP_MULK,/*	A B C	R[A] := R[B] * K[C]				*/
+OP_MODK,/*	A B C	R[A] := R[B] % K[C]				*/
+OP_POWK,/*	A B C	R[A] := R[B] ^ K[C]				*/
+OP_DIVK,/*	A B C	R[A] := R[B] / K[C]				*/
+OP_IDIVK,/*	A B C	R[A] := R[B] // K[C]				*/
 
-OP_BANDK,/*	A B C	R(A) := R(B) & K(C):integer			*/
-OP_BORK,/*	A B C	R(A) := R(B) | K(C):integer			*/
-OP_BXORK,/*	A B C	R(A) := R(B) ~ K(C):integer			*/
+OP_BANDK,/*	A B C	R[A] := R[B] & K[C]:integer			*/
+OP_BORK,/*	A B C	R[A] := R[B] | K[C]:integer			*/
+OP_BXORK,/*	A B C	R[A] := R[B] ~ K[C]:integer			*/
 
-OP_SHRI,/*	A B sC	R(A) := R(B) >> sC				*/
-OP_SHLI,/*	A B sC	R(A) := sC << R(B)				*/
+OP_SHRI,/*	A B sC	R[A] := R[B] >> sC				*/
+OP_SHLI,/*	A B sC	R[A] := sC << R[B]				*/
 
-OP_ADD,/*	A B C	R(A) := R(B) + R(C)				*/
-OP_SUB,/*	A B C	R(A) := R(B) - R(C)				*/
-OP_MUL,/*	A B C	R(A) := R(B) * R(C)				*/
-OP_MOD,/*	A B C	R(A) := R(B) % R(C)				*/
-OP_POW,/*	A B C	R(A) := R(B) ^ R(C)				*/
-OP_DIV,/*	A B C	R(A) := R(B) / R(C)				*/
-OP_IDIV,/*	A B C	R(A) := R(B) // R(C)				*/
+OP_ADD,/*	A B C	R[A] := R[B] + R[C]				*/
+OP_SUB,/*	A B C	R[A] := R[B] - R[C]				*/
+OP_MUL,/*	A B C	R[A] := R[B] * R[C]				*/
+OP_MOD,/*	A B C	R[A] := R[B] % R[C]				*/
+OP_POW,/*	A B C	R[A] := R[B] ^ R[C]				*/
+OP_DIV,/*	A B C	R[A] := R[B] / R[C]				*/
+OP_IDIV,/*	A B C	R[A] := R[B] // R[C]				*/
 
-OP_BAND,/*	A B C	R(A) := R(B) & R(C)				*/
-OP_BOR,/*	A B C	R(A) := R(B) | R(C)				*/
-OP_BXOR,/*	A B C	R(A) := R(B) ~ R(C)				*/
-OP_SHL,/*	A B C	R(A) := R(B) << R(C)				*/
-OP_SHR,/*	A B C	R(A) := R(B) >> R(C)				*/
+OP_BAND,/*	A B C	R[A] := R[B] & R[C]				*/
+OP_BOR,/*	A B C	R[A] := R[B] | R[C]				*/
+OP_BXOR,/*	A B C	R[A] := R[B] ~ R[C]				*/
+OP_SHL,/*	A B C	R[A] := R[B] << R[C]				*/
+OP_SHR,/*	A B C	R[A] := R[B] >> R[C]				*/
 
-OP_MMBIN,/*	A B C	call C metamethod over R(A) and R(B)		*/
-OP_MMBINI,/*	A sB C	call C metamethod over R(A) and sB		*/
-OP_MMBINK,/*	A B C	call C metamethod over R(A) and K(B)		*/
+OP_MMBIN,/*	A B C	call C metamethod over R[A] and R[B]		*/
+OP_MMBINI,/*	A sB C k	call C metamethod over R[A] and sB	*/
+OP_MMBINK,/*	A B C k		call C metamethod over R[A] and K[B]	*/
 
-OP_UNM,/*	A B	R(A) := -R(B)					*/
-OP_BNOT,/*	A B	R(A) := ~R(B)					*/
-OP_NOT,/*	A B	R(A) := not R(B)				*/
-OP_LEN,/*	A B	R(A) := length of R(B)				*/
+OP_UNM,/*	A B	R[A] := -R[B]					*/
+OP_BNOT,/*	A B	R[A] := ~R[B]					*/
+OP_NOT,/*	A B	R[A] := not R[B]				*/
+OP_LEN,/*	A B	R[A] := length of R[B]				*/
 
-OP_CONCAT,/*	A B  	R(A) := R(A).. ... ..R(A + B - 1)		*/
+OP_CONCAT,/*	A B	R[A] := R[A].. ... ..R[A + B - 1]		*/
 
-OP_CLOSE,/*	A	close all upvalues >= R(A)			*/
+OP_CLOSE,/*	A	close all upvalues >= R[A]			*/
 OP_TBC,/*	A	mark variable A "to be closed"			*/
-OP_JMP,/*	k sJ	pc += sJ  (k is used in code generation)	*/
-OP_EQ,/*	A B	if ((R(A) == R(B)) ~= k) then pc++		*/
-OP_LT,/*	A B	if ((R(A) <  R(B)) ~= k) then pc++		*/
-OP_LE,/*	A B	if ((R(A) <= R(B)) ~= k) then pc++		*/
+OP_JMP,/*	sJ	pc += sJ					*/
+OP_EQ,/*	A B k	if ((R[A] == R[B]) ~= k) then pc++		*/
+OP_LT,/*	A B k	if ((R[A] <  R[B]) ~= k) then pc++		*/
+OP_LE,/*	A B k	if ((R[A] <= R[B]) ~= k) then pc++		*/
 
-OP_EQK,/*	A B	if ((R(A) == K(B)) ~= k) then pc++		*/
-OP_EQI,/*	A sB	if ((R(A) == sB) ~= k) then pc++		*/
-OP_LTI,/*	A sB	if ((R(A) < sB) ~= k) then pc++			*/
-OP_LEI,/*	A sB	if ((R(A) <= sB) ~= k) then pc++		*/
-OP_GTI,/*	A sB	if ((R(A) > sB) ~= k) then pc++			*/
-OP_GEI,/*	A sB	if ((R(A) >= sB) ~= k) then pc++		*/
+OP_EQK,/*	A B k	if ((R[A] == K[B]) ~= k) then pc++		*/
+OP_EQI,/*	A sB k	if ((R[A] == sB) ~= k) then pc++		*/
+OP_LTI,/*	A sB k	if ((R[A] < sB) ~= k) then pc++			*/
+OP_LEI,/*	A sB k	if ((R[A] <= sB) ~= k) then pc++		*/
+OP_GTI,/*	A sB k	if ((R[A] > sB) ~= k) then pc++			*/
+OP_GEI,/*	A sB k	if ((R[A] >= sB) ~= k) then pc++		*/
 
-OP_TEST,/*	A 	if (not R(A) == k) then pc++			*/
-OP_TESTSET,/*	A B	if (not R(B) == k) then pc++ else R(A) := R(B)	*/
+OP_TEST,/*	A k	if (not R[A] == k) then pc++			*/
+OP_TESTSET,/*	A B k	if (not R[B] == k) then pc++ else R[A] := R[B]	*/
 
-OP_CALL,/*	A B C	R(A), ... ,R(A+C-2) := R(A)(R(A+1), ... ,R(A+B-1)) */
-OP_TAILCALL,/*	A B C	return R(A)(R(A+1), ... ,R(A+B-1))		*/
+OP_CALL,/*	A B C	R[A], ... ,R[A+C-2] := R[A](R[A+1], ... ,R[A+B-1]) */
+OP_TAILCALL,/*	A B C k	return R[A](R[A+1], ... ,R[A+B-1])		*/
 
-OP_RETURN,/*	A B C	return R(A), ... ,R(A+B-2)	(see note)	*/
-OP_RETURN0,/*	  	return 						*/
-OP_RETURN1,/*	A 	return R(A)					*/
+OP_RETURN,/*	A B C k	return R[A], ... ,R[A+B-2]	(see note)	*/
+OP_RETURN0,/*		return						*/
+OP_RETURN1,/*	A	return R[A]					*/
 
 OP_FORLOOP,/*	A Bx	update counters; if loop continues then pc-=Bx; */
 OP_FORPREP,/*	A Bx	<check values and prepare counters>;
                         if not to run then pc+=Bx+1;			*/
 
-OP_TFORPREP,/*	A Bx	create upvalue for R(A + 3); pc+=Bx		*/
-OP_TFORCALL,/*	A C	R(A+4), ... ,R(A+3+C) := R(A)(R(A+1), R(A+2));	*/
-OP_TFORLOOP,/*	A Bx	if R(A+2) ~= nil then { R(A)=R(A+2); pc -= Bx }	*/
+OP_TFORPREP,/*	A Bx	create upvalue for R[A + 3]; pc+=Bx		*/
+OP_TFORCALL,/*	A C	R[A+4], ... ,R[A+3+C] := R[A](R[A+1], R[A+2]);	*/
+OP_TFORLOOP,/*	A Bx	if R[A+2] ~= nil then { R[A]=R[A+2]; pc -= Bx }	*/
 
-OP_SETLIST,/*	A B C	R(A)[(C-1)*FPF+i] := R(A+i), 1 <= i <= B	*/
+OP_SETLIST,/*	A B C k	R[A][(C-1)*FPF+i] := R[A+i], 1 <= i <= B	*/
 
-OP_CLOSURE,/*	A Bx	R(A) := closure(KPROTO[Bx])			*/
+OP_CLOSURE,/*	A Bx	R[A] := closure(KPROTO[Bx])			*/
 
-OP_VARARG,/*	A C  	R(A), R(A+1), ..., R(A+C-2) = vararg		*/
+OP_VARARG,/*	A C	R[A], R[A+1], ..., R[A+C-2] = vararg		*/
 
-OP_VARARGPREP,/*A 	(adjust vararg parameters)			*/
+OP_VARARGPREP,/*A	(adjust vararg parameters)			*/
 
 OP_EXTRAARG/*	Ax	extra (larger) argument for previous opcode	*/
 } OpCode;
@@ -323,7 +325,7 @@ OP_EXTRAARG/*	Ax	extra (larger) argument for previous opcode	*/
   (*) In OP_RETURN, if (B == 0) then return up to 'top'.
 
   (*) In OP_LOADKX and OP_NEWTABLE, the next instruction is always
-  EXTRAARG.
+  OP_EXTRAARG.
 
   (*) In OP_SETLIST, if (B == 0) then real B = 'top'; if k, then
   real C = EXTRAARG _ C (the bits of EXTRAARG concatenated with the
@@ -336,6 +338,9 @@ OP_EXTRAARG/*	Ax	extra (larger) argument for previous opcode	*/
   (*) For comparisons, k specifies what condition the test should accept
   (true or false).
 
+  (*) In OP_MMBINI/OP_MMBINK, k means the arguments were flipped
+   (the constant is the first operand).
+
   (*) All 'skips' (pc++) assume that next instruction is a jump.
 
   (*) In instructions OP_RETURN/OP_TAILCALL, 'k' specifies that the
@@ -344,7 +349,8 @@ OP_EXTRAARG/*	Ax	extra (larger) argument for previous opcode	*/
   returning; in this case, (C - 1) is its number of fixed parameters.
 
   (*) In comparisons with an immediate operand, C signals whether the
-  original operand was a float.
+  original operand was a float. (It must be corrected in case of
+  metamethods.)
 
 ===========================================================================*/
 

lopnames.h

@@ -7,6 +7,9 @@
 #if !defined(lopnames_h)
 #define lopnames_h
 
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+
 /* ORDER OP */
 
 static const char *const opnames[] = {
@@ -15,7 +18,9 @@ static const char *const opnames[] = {
   "LOADF",
   "LOADK",
   "LOADKX",
-  "LOADBOOL",
+  "LOADFALSE",
+  "LFALSESKIP",
+  "LOADTRUE",
   "LOADNIL",
   "GETUPVAL",
   "SETUPVAL",

loslib.c

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #include "lprefix.h"
 
 
+#include <errno.h>
 #include <locale.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
@@ -91,7 +92,7 @@
 
 /* ISO C definitions */
 #define l_gmtime(t,r)		((void)(r)->tm_sec, gmtime(t))
-#define l_localtime(t,r)  	((void)(r)->tm_sec, localtime(t))
+#define l_localtime(t,r)	((void)(r)->tm_sec, localtime(t))
 
 #endif				/* } */
 
@@ -138,10 +139,11 @@
 
 
 
-
 static int os_execute (lua_State *L) {
   const char *cmd = luaL_optstring(L, 1, NULL);
-  int stat = system(cmd);
+  int stat;
+  errno = 0;
+  stat = system(cmd);
   if (cmd != NULL)
     return luaL_execresult(L, stat);
   else {
@@ -196,7 +198,7 @@ static int os_clock (lua_State *L) {
 */
 
 /*
-** About the overflow check: an overflow cannot occurr when time
+** About the overflow check: an overflow cannot occur when time
 ** is represented by a lua_Integer, because either lua_Integer is
 ** large enough to represent all int fields or it is not large enough
 ** to represent a time that cause a field to overflow.  However, if

lparser.c

@@ -212,27 +212,28 @@ static int new_localvar (LexState *ls, TString *name) {
 
 
 /*
-** Return the "variable description" (Vardesc) of a given
-** variable
+** Return the "variable description" (Vardesc) of a given variable.
+** (Unless noted otherwise, all variables are referred to by their
+** compiler indices.)
 */
-static Vardesc *getlocalvardesc (FuncState *fs, int i) {
-  return &fs->ls->dyd->actvar.arr[fs->firstlocal + i];
+static Vardesc *getlocalvardesc (FuncState *fs, int vidx) {
+  return &fs->ls->dyd->actvar.arr[fs->firstlocal + vidx];
 }
 
 
 /*
-** Convert 'nvar' (number of active variables at some point) to
-** number of variables in the stack at that point.
+** Convert 'nvar', a compiler index level, to it corresponding
+** stack index level. For that, search for the highest variable
+** below that level that is in the stack and uses its stack
+** index ('sidx').
 */
 static int stacklevel (FuncState *fs, int nvar) {
-  while (nvar > 0) {
-    Vardesc *vd = getlocalvardesc(fs, nvar - 1);
+  while (nvar-- > 0) {
+    Vardesc *vd = getlocalvardesc(fs, nvar);  /* get variable */
     if (vd->vd.kind != RDKCTC)  /* is in the stack? */
       return vd->vd.sidx + 1;
-    else
-      nvar--;  /* try previous variable */
   }
-  return 0;  /* no variables */
+  return 0;  /* no variables in the stack */
 }
 
 
@@ -245,10 +246,10 @@ int luaY_nvarstack (FuncState *fs) {
 
 
 /*
-** Get the debug-information entry for current variable 'i'.
+** Get the debug-information entry for current variable 'vidx'.
 */
-static LocVar *localdebuginfo (FuncState *fs, int i) {
-  Vardesc *vd = getlocalvardesc(fs, i);
+static LocVar *localdebuginfo (FuncState *fs, int vidx) {
+  Vardesc *vd = getlocalvardesc(fs,  vidx);
   if (vd->vd.kind == RDKCTC)
     return NULL;  /* no debug info. for constants */
   else {
@@ -259,14 +260,20 @@ static LocVar *localdebuginfo (FuncState *fs, int i) {
 }
 
 
-static void init_var (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, int i) {
+/*
+** Create an expression representing variable 'vidx'
+*/
+static void init_var (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, int vidx) {
   e->f = e->t = NO_JUMP;
   e->k = VLOCAL;
-  e->u.var.vidx = i;
-  e->u.var.sidx = getlocalvardesc(fs, i)->vd.sidx;
+  e->u.var.vidx = vidx;
+  e->u.var.sidx = getlocalvardesc(fs, vidx)->vd.sidx;
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Raises an error if variable described by 'e' is read only
+*/
 static void check_readonly (LexState *ls, expdesc *e) {
   FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
   TString *varname = NULL;  /* to be set if variable is const */
@@ -306,8 +313,8 @@ static void adjustlocalvars (LexState *ls, int nvars) {
   int stklevel = luaY_nvarstack(fs);
   int i;
   for (i = 0; i < nvars; i++) {
-    int varidx = fs->nactvar++;
-    Vardesc *var = getlocalvardesc(fs, varidx);
+    int vidx = fs->nactvar++;
+    Vardesc *var = getlocalvardesc(fs, vidx);
     var->vd.sidx = stklevel++;
     var->vd.pidx = registerlocalvar(ls, fs, var->vd.name);
   }
@@ -377,7 +384,8 @@ static int newupvalue (FuncState *fs, TString *name, expdesc *v) {
 
 /*
 ** Look for an active local variable with the name 'n' in the
-** function 'fs'.
+** function 'fs'. If found, initialize 'var' with it and return
+** its expression kind; otherwise return -1.
 */
 static int searchvar (FuncState *fs, TString *n, expdesc *var) {
   int i;
@@ -729,6 +737,7 @@ static void open_func (LexState *ls, FuncState *fs, BlockCnt *bl) {
   fs->firstlabel = ls->dyd->label.n;
   fs->bl = NULL;
   f->source = ls->source;
+  luaC_objbarrier(ls->L, f, f->source);
   f->maxstacksize = 2;  /* registers 0/1 are always valid */
   enterblock(fs, bl, 0);
 }
@@ -1014,7 +1023,8 @@ static void funcargs (LexState *ls, expdesc *f, int line) {
         args.k = VVOID;
       else {
         explist(ls, &args);
-        luaK_setmultret(fs, &args);
+        if (hasmultret(args.k))
+          luaK_setmultret(fs, &args);
       }
       check_match(ls, ')', '(', line);
       break;
@@ -1591,7 +1601,7 @@ static void forlist (LexState *ls, TString *indexname) {
   line = ls->linenumber;
   adjust_assign(ls, 4, explist(ls, &e), &e);
   adjustlocalvars(ls, 4);  /* control variables */
-  markupval(fs, luaY_nvarstack(fs));  /* state may create an upvalue */
+  markupval(fs, fs->nactvar);  /* last control var. must be closed */
   luaK_checkstack(fs, 3);  /* extra space to call generator */
   forbody(ls, base, line, nvars - 4, 1);
 }
@@ -1729,7 +1739,7 @@ static int getlocalattribute (LexState *ls) {
       luaK_semerror(ls,
         luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, "unknown attribute '%s'", attr));
   }
-  return VDKREG;
+  return VDKREG;  /* regular variable */
 }
 
 
@@ -1738,7 +1748,7 @@ static void checktoclose (LexState *ls, int level) {
     FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
     markupval(fs, level + 1);
     fs->bl->insidetbc = 1;  /* in the scope of a to-be-closed variable */
-    luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_TBC, level, 0, 0);
+    luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_TBC, stacklevel(fs, level), 0, 0);
   }
 }
 
@@ -1748,18 +1758,18 @@ static void localstat (LexState *ls) {
   FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
   int toclose = -1;  /* index of to-be-closed variable (if any) */
   Vardesc *var;  /* last variable */
-  int ivar, kind;  /* index and kind of last variable */
+  int vidx, kind;  /* index and kind of last variable */
   int nvars = 0;
   int nexps;
   expdesc e;
   do {
-    ivar = new_localvar(ls, str_checkname(ls));
+    vidx = new_localvar(ls, str_checkname(ls));
     kind = getlocalattribute(ls);
-    getlocalvardesc(fs, ivar)->vd.kind = kind;
+    getlocalvardesc(fs, vidx)->vd.kind = kind;
     if (kind == RDKTOCLOSE) {  /* to-be-closed? */
       if (toclose != -1)  /* one already present? */
         luaK_semerror(ls, "multiple to-be-closed variables in local list");
-      toclose = luaY_nvarstack(fs) + nvars;
+      toclose = fs->nactvar + nvars;
     }
     nvars++;
   } while (testnext(ls, ','));
@@ -1769,7 +1779,7 @@ static void localstat (LexState *ls) {
     e.k = VVOID;
     nexps = 0;
   }
-  var = getlocalvardesc(fs, ivar);  /* get last variable */
+  var = getlocalvardesc(fs, vidx);  /* get last variable */
   if (nvars == nexps &&  /* no adjustments? */
       var->vd.kind == RDKCONST &&  /* last variable is const? */
       luaK_exp2const(fs, &e, &var->k)) {  /* compile-time constant? */
@@ -1821,8 +1831,9 @@ static void exprstat (LexState *ls) {
     restassign(ls, &v, 1);
   }
   else {  /* stat -> func */
-    Instruction *inst = &getinstruction(fs, &v.v);
+    Instruction *inst;
     check_condition(ls, v.v.k == VCALL, "syntax error");
+    inst = &getinstruction(fs, &v.v);
     SETARG_C(*inst, 1);  /* call statement uses no results */
   }
 }
@@ -1949,6 +1960,7 @@ static void mainfunc (LexState *ls, FuncState *fs) {
   env->idx = 0;
   env->kind = VDKREG;
   env->name = ls->envn;
+  luaC_objbarrier(ls->L, fs->f, env->name);
   luaX_next(ls);  /* read first token */
   statlist(ls);  /* parse main body */
   check(ls, TK_EOS);
@@ -1967,6 +1979,7 @@ LClosure *luaY_parser (lua_State *L, ZIO *z, Mbuffer *buff,
   sethvalue2s(L, L->top, lexstate.h);  /* anchor it */
   luaD_inctop(L);
   funcstate.f = cl->p = luaF_newproto(L);
+  luaC_objbarrier(L, cl, cl->p);
   funcstate.f->source = luaS_new(L, name);  /* create and anchor TString */
   luaC_objbarrier(L, funcstate.f, funcstate.f->source);
   lexstate.buff = buff;

lparser.h

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ typedef enum {
              (string is fixed by the lexer) */
   VNONRELOC,  /* expression has its value in a fixed register;
                  info = result register */
-  VLOCAL,  /* local variable; var.ridx = local register;
+  VLOCAL,  /* local variable; var.sidx = stack index (local register);
               var.vidx = relative index in 'actvar.arr'  */
   VUPVAL,  /* upvalue variable; info = index of upvalue in 'upvalues' */
   VCONST,  /* compile-time constant; info = absolute index in 'actvar.arr'  */
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ typedef struct expdesc {
     } ind;
     struct {  /* for local variables */
       lu_byte sidx;  /* index in the stack */
-      unsigned short vidx;  /* index in 'actvar.arr'  */
+      unsigned short vidx;  /* compiler index (in 'actvar.arr')  */
     } var;
   } u;
   int t;  /* patch list of 'exit when true' */
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ typedef struct Labellist {
 
 /* dynamic structures used by the parser */
 typedef struct Dyndata {
-  struct {  /* list of active local variables */
+  struct {  /* list of all active local variables */
     Vardesc *arr;
     int n;
     int size;

lprefix.h

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
 /*
 ** Windows stuff
 */
-#if defined(_WIN32) 	/* { */
+#if defined(_WIN32)	/* { */
 
 #if !defined(_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS)
 #define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS  /* avoid warnings about ISO C functions */

lstate.c

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ static unsigned int luai_makeseed (lua_State *L) {
   addbuff(buff, p, &h);  /* local variable */
   addbuff(buff, p, &lua_newstate);  /* public function */
   lua_assert(p == sizeof(buff));
-  return luaS_hash(buff, p, h);
+  return luaS_hash(buff, p, h, 1);
 }
 
 #endif
@@ -186,19 +186,26 @@ void luaE_freeCI (lua_State *L) {
 
 
 /*
-** free half of the CallInfo structures not in use by a thread
+** free half of the CallInfo structures not in use by a thread,
+** keeping the first one.
 */
 void luaE_shrinkCI (lua_State *L) {
-  CallInfo *ci = L->ci;
-  CallInfo *next2;  /* next's next */
+  CallInfo *ci = L->ci->next;  /* first free CallInfo */
+  CallInfo *next;
+  if (ci == NULL)
+    return;  /* no extra elements */
   L->nCcalls += L->nci;  /* add removed elements back to 'nCcalls' */
-  /* while there are two nexts */
-  while (ci->next != NULL && (next2 = ci->next->next) != NULL) {
-    luaM_free(L, ci->next);  /* free next */
+  while ((next = ci->next) != NULL) {  /* two extra elements? */
+    CallInfo *next2 = next->next;  /* next's next */
+    ci->next = next2;  /* remove next from the list */
     L->nci--;
-    ci->next = next2;  /* remove 'next' from the list */
-    next2->previous = ci;
-    ci = next2;  /* keep next's next */
+    luaM_free(L, next);  /* free next */
+    if (next2 == NULL)
+      break;  /* no more elements */
+    else {
+      next2->previous = ci;
+      ci = next2;  /* continue */
+    }
   }
   L->nCcalls -= L->nci;  /* adjust result */
 }
@@ -286,7 +293,6 @@ static void preinit_thread (lua_State *L, global_State *g) {
   L->stacksize = 0;
   L->twups = L;  /* thread has no upvalues */
   L->errorJmp = NULL;
-  L->nCcalls = CSTACKTHREAD;
   L->hook = NULL;
   L->hookmask = 0;
   L->basehookcount = 0;
@@ -319,7 +325,7 @@ LUA_API lua_State *lua_newthread (lua_State *L) {
   /* create new thread */
   L1 = &cast(LX *, luaM_newobject(L, LUA_TTHREAD, sizeof(LX)))->l;
   L1->marked = luaC_white(g);
-  L1->tt = LUA_TTHREAD;
+  L1->tt = LUA_VTHREAD;
   /* link it on list 'allgc' */
   L1->next = g->allgc;
   g->allgc = obj2gco(L1);
@@ -327,6 +333,7 @@ LUA_API lua_State *lua_newthread (lua_State *L) {
   setthvalue2s(L, L->top, L1);
   api_incr_top(L);
   preinit_thread(L1, g);
+  L1->nCcalls = getCcalls(L);
   L1->hookmask = L->hookmask;
   L1->basehookcount = L->basehookcount;
   L1->hook = L->hook;
@@ -355,19 +362,18 @@ int lua_resetthread (lua_State *L) {
   CallInfo *ci;
   int status;
   lua_lock(L);
-  ci = &L->base_ci;
-  status = luaF_close(L, L->stack, CLOSEPROTECT);
+  L->ci = ci = &L->base_ci;  /* unwind CallInfo list */
   setnilvalue(s2v(L->stack));  /* 'function' entry for basic 'ci' */
+  ci->func = L->stack;
+  ci->callstatus = CIST_C;
+  status = luaF_close(L, L->stack, CLOSEPROTECT);
   if (status != CLOSEPROTECT)  /* real errors? */
     luaD_seterrorobj(L, status, L->stack + 1);
   else {
     status = LUA_OK;
     L->top = L->stack + 1;
   }
-  ci->callstatus = CIST_C;
-  ci->func = L->stack;
   ci->top = L->top + LUA_MINSTACK;
-  L->ci = ci;
   L->status = status;
   lua_unlock(L);
   return status;
@@ -382,7 +388,7 @@ LUA_API lua_State *lua_newstate (lua_Alloc f, void *ud) {
   if (l == NULL) return NULL;
   L = &l->l.l;
   g = &l->g;
-  L->tt = LUA_TTHREAD;
+  L->tt = LUA_VTHREAD;
   g->currentwhite = bitmask(WHITE0BIT);
   L->marked = luaC_white(g);
   preinit_thread(L, g);

lstate.h

@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ typedef struct CallInfo {
   union {
     struct {  /* only for Lua functions */
       const Instruction *savedpc;
-      l_signalT trap;
+      volatile l_signalT trap;
       int nextraargs;  /* # of extra arguments in vararg functions */
     } l;
     struct {  /* only for C functions */
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ struct lua_State {
   int stacksize;
   int basehookcount;
   int hookcount;
-  l_signalT hookmask;
+  volatile l_signalT hookmask;
 };
 
 
@@ -327,15 +327,15 @@ union GCUnion {
 /* macros to convert a GCObject into a specific value */
 #define gco2ts(o)  \
 	check_exp(novariant((o)->tt) == LUA_TSTRING, &((cast_u(o))->ts))
-#define gco2u(o)  check_exp((o)->tt == LUA_TUSERDATA, &((cast_u(o))->u))
-#define gco2lcl(o)  check_exp((o)->tt == LUA_TLCL, &((cast_u(o))->cl.l))
-#define gco2ccl(o)  check_exp((o)->tt == LUA_TCCL, &((cast_u(o))->cl.c))
+#define gco2u(o)  check_exp((o)->tt == LUA_VUSERDATA, &((cast_u(o))->u))
+#define gco2lcl(o)  check_exp((o)->tt == LUA_VLCL, &((cast_u(o))->cl.l))
+#define gco2ccl(o)  check_exp((o)->tt == LUA_VCCL, &((cast_u(o))->cl.c))
 #define gco2cl(o)  \
 	check_exp(novariant((o)->tt) == LUA_TFUNCTION, &((cast_u(o))->cl))
-#define gco2t(o)  check_exp((o)->tt == LUA_TTABLE, &((cast_u(o))->h))
-#define gco2p(o)  check_exp((o)->tt == LUA_TPROTO, &((cast_u(o))->p))
-#define gco2th(o)  check_exp((o)->tt == LUA_TTHREAD, &((cast_u(o))->th))
-#define gco2upv(o)	check_exp((o)->tt == LUA_TUPVAL, &((cast_u(o))->upv))
+#define gco2t(o)  check_exp((o)->tt == LUA_VTABLE, &((cast_u(o))->h))
+#define gco2p(o)  check_exp((o)->tt == LUA_VPROTO, &((cast_u(o))->p))
+#define gco2th(o)  check_exp((o)->tt == LUA_VTHREAD, &((cast_u(o))->th))
+#define gco2upv(o)	check_exp((o)->tt == LUA_VUPVAL, &((cast_u(o))->upv))
 
 
 /*

lstring.c

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 
 /*
-** Lua will use at most ~(2^LUAI_HASHLIMIT) bytes from a string to
+** Lua will use at most ~(2^LUAI_HASHLIMIT) bytes from a long string to
 ** compute its hash
 */
 #if !defined(LUAI_HASHLIMIT)
@@ -43,16 +43,16 @@
 */
 int luaS_eqlngstr (TString *a, TString *b) {
   size_t len = a->u.lnglen;
-  lua_assert(a->tt == LUA_TLNGSTR && b->tt == LUA_TLNGSTR);
+  lua_assert(a->tt == LUA_VLNGSTR && b->tt == LUA_VLNGSTR);
   return (a == b) ||  /* same instance or... */
     ((len == b->u.lnglen) &&  /* equal length and ... */
      (memcmp(getstr(a), getstr(b), len) == 0));  /* equal contents */
 }
 
 
-unsigned int luaS_hash (const char *str, size_t l, unsigned int seed) {
+unsigned int luaS_hash (const char *str, size_t l, unsigned int seed,
+                        size_t step) {
   unsigned int h = seed ^ cast_uint(l);
-  size_t step = (l >> LUAI_HASHLIMIT) + 1;
   for (; l >= step; l -= step)
     h ^= ((h<<5) + (h>>2) + cast_byte(str[l - 1]));
   return h;
@@ -60,9 +60,11 @@ unsigned int luaS_hash (const char *str, size_t l, unsigned int seed) {
 
 
 unsigned int luaS_hashlongstr (TString *ts) {
-  lua_assert(ts->tt == LUA_TLNGSTR);
+  lua_assert(ts->tt == LUA_VLNGSTR);
   if (ts->extra == 0) {  /* no hash? */
-    ts->hash = luaS_hash(getstr(ts), ts->u.lnglen, ts->hash);
+    size_t len = ts->u.lnglen;
+    size_t step = (len >> LUAI_HASHLIMIT) + 1;
+    ts->hash = luaS_hash(getstr(ts), len, ts->hash, step);
     ts->extra = 1;  /* now it has its hash */
   }
   return ts->hash;
@@ -165,7 +167,7 @@ static TString *createstrobj (lua_State *L, size_t l, int tag, unsigned int h) {
 
 
 TString *luaS_createlngstrobj (lua_State *L, size_t l) {
-  TString *ts = createstrobj(L, l, LUA_TLNGSTR, G(L)->seed);
+  TString *ts = createstrobj(L, l, LUA_VLNGSTR, G(L)->seed);
   ts->u.lnglen = l;
   return ts;
 }
@@ -199,7 +201,7 @@ static TString *internshrstr (lua_State *L, const char *str, size_t l) {
   TString *ts;
   global_State *g = G(L);
   stringtable *tb = &g->strt;
-  unsigned int h = luaS_hash(str, l, g->seed);
+  unsigned int h = luaS_hash(str, l, g->seed, 1);
   TString **list = &tb->hash[lmod(h, tb->size)];
   lua_assert(str != NULL);  /* otherwise 'memcmp'/'memcpy' are undefined */
   for (ts = *list; ts != NULL; ts = ts->u.hnext) {
@@ -215,7 +217,7 @@ static TString *internshrstr (lua_State *L, const char *str, size_t l) {
     growstrtab(L, tb);
     list = &tb->hash[lmod(h, tb->size)];  /* rehash with new size */
   }
-  ts = createstrobj(L, l, LUA_TSHRSTR, h);
+  ts = createstrobj(L, l, LUA_VSHRSTR, h);
   memcpy(getstr(ts), str, l * sizeof(char));
   ts->shrlen = cast_byte(l);
   ts->u.hnext = *list;
@@ -271,7 +273,7 @@ Udata *luaS_newudata (lua_State *L, size_t s, int nuvalue) {
   GCObject *o;
   if (unlikely(s > MAX_SIZE - udatamemoffset(nuvalue)))
     luaM_toobig(L);
-  o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_TUSERDATA, sizeudata(nuvalue, s));
+  o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_VUSERDATA, sizeudata(nuvalue, s));
   u = gco2u(o);
   u->len = s;
   u->nuvalue = nuvalue;

lstring.h

@@ -19,7 +19,11 @@
 #define MEMERRMSG       "not enough memory"
 
 
-#define sizelstring(l)  (sizeof(TString) + ((l) + 1) * sizeof(char))
+/*
+** Size of a TString: Size of the header plus space for the string
+** itself (including final '\0').
+*/
+#define sizelstring(l)  (offsetof(TString, contents) + ((l) + 1) * sizeof(char))
 
 #define luaS_newliteral(L, s)	(luaS_newlstr(L, "" s, \
                                  (sizeof(s)/sizeof(char))-1))
@@ -28,16 +32,17 @@
 /*
 ** test whether a string is a reserved word
 */
-#define isreserved(s)	((s)->tt == LUA_TSHRSTR && (s)->extra > 0)
+#define isreserved(s)	((s)->tt == LUA_VSHRSTR && (s)->extra > 0)
 
 
 /*
 ** equality for short strings, which are always internalized
 */
-#define eqshrstr(a,b)	check_exp((a)->tt == LUA_TSHRSTR, (a) == (b))
+#define eqshrstr(a,b)	check_exp((a)->tt == LUA_VSHRSTR, (a) == (b))
 
 
-LUAI_FUNC unsigned int luaS_hash (const char *str, size_t l, unsigned int seed);
+LUAI_FUNC unsigned int luaS_hash (const char *str, size_t l,
+                                  unsigned int seed, size_t step);
 LUAI_FUNC unsigned int luaS_hashlongstr (TString *ts);
 LUAI_FUNC int luaS_eqlngstr (TString *a, TString *b);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaS_resize (lua_State *L, int newsize);

lstrlib.c

@@ -206,22 +206,38 @@ static int str_char (lua_State *L) {
 }
 
 
-static int writer (lua_State *L, const void *b, size_t size, void *B) {
-  (void)L;
-  luaL_addlstring((luaL_Buffer *) B, (const char *)b, size);
+/*
+** Buffer to store the result of 'string.dump'. It must be initialized
+** after the call to 'lua_dump', to ensure that the function is on the
+** top of the stack when 'lua_dump' is called. ('luaL_buffinit' might
+** push stuff.)
+*/
+struct str_Writer {
+  int init;  /* true iff buffer has been initialized */
+  luaL_Buffer B;
+};
+
+
+static int writer (lua_State *L, const void *b, size_t size, void *ud) {
+  struct str_Writer *state = (struct str_Writer *)ud;
+  if (!state->init) {
+    state->init = 1;
+    luaL_buffinit(L, &state->B);
+  }
+  luaL_addlstring(&state->B, (const char *)b, size);
   return 0;
 }
 
 
 static int str_dump (lua_State *L) {
-  luaL_Buffer b;
+  struct str_Writer state;
   int strip = lua_toboolean(L, 2);
   luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TFUNCTION);
-  lua_settop(L, 1);
-  luaL_buffinit(L,&b);
-  if (lua_dump(L, writer, &b, strip) != 0)
+  lua_settop(L, 1);  /* ensure function is on the top of the stack */
+  state.init = 0;
+  if (lua_dump(L, writer, &state, strip) != 0)
     return luaL_error(L, "unable to dump given function");
-  luaL_pushresult(&b);
+  luaL_pushresult(&state.B);
   return 1;
 }
 
@@ -988,7 +1004,7 @@ static int str_gsub (lua_State *L) {
 ** to nibble boundaries by making what is left after that first digit a
 ** multiple of 4.
 */
-#define L_NBFD		((l_mathlim(MANT_DIG) - 1)%4 + 1)
+#define L_NBFD		((l_floatatt(MANT_DIG) - 1)%4 + 1)
 
 
 /*
@@ -1056,7 +1072,7 @@ static int lua_number2strx (lua_State *L, char *buff, int sz,
 ** and '\0') + number of decimal digits to represent maxfloat (which
 ** is maximum exponent + 1). (99+3+1, adding some extra, 110)
 */
-#define MAX_ITEMF	(110 + l_mathlim(MAX_10_EXP))
+#define MAX_ITEMF	(110 + l_floatatt(MAX_10_EXP))
 
 
 /*
@@ -1071,7 +1087,10 @@ static int lua_number2strx (lua_State *L, char *buff, int sz,
 
 
 /* valid flags in a format specification */
-#define FLAGS	"-+ #0"
+#if !defined(L_FMTFLAGS)
+#define L_FMTFLAGS	"-+ #0"
+#endif
+
 
 /*
 ** maximum size of each format specification (such as "%-099.99d")
@@ -1169,8 +1188,8 @@ static void addliteral (lua_State *L, luaL_Buffer *b, int arg) {
 
 static const char *scanformat (lua_State *L, const char *strfrmt, char *form) {
   const char *p = strfrmt;
-  while (*p != '\0' && strchr(FLAGS, *p) != NULL) p++;  /* skip flags */
-  if ((size_t)(p - strfrmt) >= sizeof(FLAGS)/sizeof(char))
+  while (*p != '\0' && strchr(L_FMTFLAGS, *p) != NULL) p++;  /* skip flags */
+  if ((size_t)(p - strfrmt) >= sizeof(L_FMTFLAGS)/sizeof(char))
     luaL_error(L, "invalid format (repeated flags)");
   if (isdigit(uchar(*p))) p++;  /* skip width */
   if (isdigit(uchar(*p))) p++;  /* (2 digits at most) */
@@ -1247,11 +1266,15 @@ static int str_format (lua_State *L) {
         case 'e': case 'E': case 'g': case 'G': {
           lua_Number n = luaL_checknumber(L, arg);
           addlenmod(form, LUA_NUMBER_FRMLEN);
-          nb = snprintf(buff, maxitem, form, (LUAI_UACNUMBER)n);
+          nb = l_sprintf(buff, maxitem, form, (LUAI_UACNUMBER)n);
           break;
         }
         case 'p': {
           const void *p = lua_topointer(L, arg);
+          if (p == NULL) {  /* avoid calling 'printf' with argument NULL */
+            p = "(null)";  /* result */
+            form[strlen(form) - 1] = 's';  /* format it as a string */
+          }
           nb = l_sprintf(buff, maxitem, form, p);
           break;
         }

ltable.c

@@ -88,8 +88,8 @@
 #define dummynode		(&dummynode_)
 
 static const Node dummynode_ = {
-  {{NULL}, LUA_TEMPTY,  /* value's value and type */
-   LUA_TNIL, 0, {NULL}}  /* key type, next, and key value */
+  {{NULL}, LUA_VEMPTY,  /* value's value and type */
+   LUA_VNIL, 0, {NULL}}  /* key type, next, and key value */
 };
 
 
@@ -135,19 +135,21 @@ static int l_hashfloat (lua_Number n) {
 */
 static Node *mainposition (const Table *t, int ktt, const Value *kvl) {
   switch (withvariant(ktt)) {
-    case LUA_TNUMINT:
+    case LUA_VNUMINT:
       return hashint(t, ivalueraw(*kvl));
-    case LUA_TNUMFLT:
+    case LUA_VNUMFLT:
       return hashmod(t, l_hashfloat(fltvalueraw(*kvl)));
-    case LUA_TSHRSTR:
+    case LUA_VSHRSTR:
       return hashstr(t, tsvalueraw(*kvl));
-    case LUA_TLNGSTR:
+    case LUA_VLNGSTR:
       return hashpow2(t, luaS_hashlongstr(tsvalueraw(*kvl)));
-    case LUA_TBOOLEAN:
-      return hashboolean(t, bvalueraw(*kvl));
-    case LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA:
+    case LUA_VFALSE:
+      return hashboolean(t, 0);
+    case LUA_VTRUE:
+      return hashboolean(t, 1);
+    case LUA_VLIGHTUSERDATA:
       return hashpointer(t, pvalueraw(*kvl));
-    case LUA_TLCF:
+    case LUA_VLCF:
       return hashpointer(t, fvalueraw(*kvl));
     default:
       return hashpointer(t, gcvalueraw(*kvl));
@@ -155,6 +157,9 @@ static Node *mainposition (const Table *t, int ktt, const Value *kvl) {
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Returns the main position of an element given as a 'TValue'
+*/
 static Node *mainpositionTV (const Table *t, const TValue *key) {
   return mainposition(t, rawtt(key), valraw(key));
 }
@@ -172,19 +177,17 @@ static int equalkey (const TValue *k1, const Node *n2) {
   if (rawtt(k1) != keytt(n2))  /* not the same variants? */
    return 0;  /* cannot be same key */
   switch (ttypetag(k1)) {
-    case LUA_TNIL:
+    case LUA_VNIL: case LUA_VFALSE: case LUA_VTRUE:
       return 1;
-    case LUA_TNUMINT:
+    case LUA_VNUMINT:
       return (ivalue(k1) == keyival(n2));
-    case LUA_TNUMFLT:
+    case LUA_VNUMFLT:
       return luai_numeq(fltvalue(k1), fltvalueraw(keyval(n2)));
-    case LUA_TBOOLEAN:
-      return bvalue(k1) == bvalueraw(keyval(n2));
-    case LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA:
+    case LUA_VLIGHTUSERDATA:
       return pvalue(k1) == pvalueraw(keyval(n2));
-    case LUA_TLCF:
+    case LUA_VLCF:
       return fvalue(k1) == fvalueraw(keyval(n2));
-    case LUA_TLNGSTR:
+    case LUA_VLNGSTR:
       return luaS_eqlngstr(tsvalue(k1), keystrval(n2));
     default:
       return gcvalue(k1) == gcvalueraw(keyval(n2));
@@ -577,7 +580,7 @@ static void rehash (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *ek) {
 
 
 Table *luaH_new (lua_State *L) {
-  GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_TTABLE, sizeof(Table));
+  GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_VTABLE, sizeof(Table));
   Table *t = gco2t(o);
   t->metatable = NULL;
   t->flags = cast_byte(~0);
@@ -623,7 +626,7 @@ TValue *luaH_newkey (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key) {
   else if (ttisfloat(key)) {
     lua_Number f = fltvalue(key);
     lua_Integer k;
-    if (luaV_flttointeger(f, &k, 0)) {  /* does key fit in an integer? */
+    if (luaV_flttointeger(f, &k, F2Ieq)) {  /* does key fit in an integer? */
       setivalue(&aux, k);
       key = &aux;  /* insert it as an integer */
     }
@@ -707,7 +710,7 @@ const TValue *luaH_getint (Table *t, lua_Integer key) {
 */
 const TValue *luaH_getshortstr (Table *t, TString *key) {
   Node *n = hashstr(t, key);
-  lua_assert(key->tt == LUA_TSHRSTR);
+  lua_assert(key->tt == LUA_VSHRSTR);
   for (;;) {  /* check whether 'key' is somewhere in the chain */
     if (keyisshrstr(n) && eqshrstr(keystrval(n), key))
       return gval(n);  /* that's it */
@@ -722,7 +725,7 @@ const TValue *luaH_getshortstr (Table *t, TString *key) {
 
 
 const TValue *luaH_getstr (Table *t, TString *key) {
-  if (key->tt == LUA_TSHRSTR)
+  if (key->tt == LUA_VSHRSTR)
     return luaH_getshortstr(t, key);
   else {  /* for long strings, use generic case */
     TValue ko;
@@ -737,12 +740,12 @@ const TValue *luaH_getstr (Table *t, TString *key) {
 */
 const TValue *luaH_get (Table *t, const TValue *key) {
   switch (ttypetag(key)) {
-    case LUA_TSHRSTR: return luaH_getshortstr(t, tsvalue(key));
-    case LUA_TNUMINT: return luaH_getint(t, ivalue(key));
-    case LUA_TNIL: return &absentkey;
-    case LUA_TNUMFLT: {
+    case LUA_VSHRSTR: return luaH_getshortstr(t, tsvalue(key));
+    case LUA_VNUMINT: return luaH_getint(t, ivalue(key));
+    case LUA_VNIL: return &absentkey;
+    case LUA_VNUMFLT: {
       lua_Integer k;
-      if (luaV_flttointeger(fltvalue(key), &k, 0)) /* index is an integral? */
+      if (luaV_flttointeger(fltvalue(key), &k, F2Ieq)) /* integral index? */
         return luaH_getint(t, k);  /* use specialized version */
       /* else... */
     }  /* FALLTHROUGH */

ltable.h

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 
 
 /* returns the Node, given the value of a table entry */
-#define nodefromval(v) 	cast(Node *, (v))
+#define nodefromval(v)	cast(Node *, (v))
 
 
 LUAI_FUNC const TValue *luaH_getint (Table *t, lua_Integer key);

ltests.c

@@ -73,14 +73,16 @@ static void badexit (const char *fmt, const char *s1, const char *s2) {
 
 
 static int tpanic (lua_State *L) {
+  const char *msg = lua_tostring(L, -1);
+  if (msg == NULL) msg = "error object is not a string";
   return (badexit("PANIC: unprotected error in call to Lua API (%s)\n",
-                   lua_tostring(L, -1), NULL),
+                   msg, NULL),
           0);  /* do not return to Lua */
 }
 
 
 /*
-** Warning function for tests. Fist, it concatenates all parts of
+** Warning function for tests. First, it concatenates all parts of
 ** a warning in buffer 'buff'. Then, it has three modes:
 ** - 0.normal: messages starting with '#' are shown on standard output;
 ** - other messages abort the tests (they represent real warning
@@ -131,8 +133,7 @@ static void warnf (void *ud, const char *msg, int tocont) {
         if (buff[0] != '#' && onoff)  /* unexpected warning? */
           badexit("Unexpected warning in test mode: %s\naborting...\n",
                   buff, NULL);
-        /* else */ /* FALLTHROUGH */
-      }
+      }  /* FALLTHROUGH */
       case 1: {  /* allow */
         if (onoff)
           fprintf(stderr, "Lua warning: %s\n", buff);  /* print warning */
@@ -303,7 +304,7 @@ static void printobj (global_State *g, GCObject *o) {
            ttypename(novariant(o->tt)), (void *)o,
            isdead(g,o) ? 'd' : isblack(o) ? 'b' : iswhite(o) ? 'w' : 'g',
            "ns01oTt"[getage(o)], o->marked);
-  if (o->tt == LUA_TSHRSTR || o->tt == LUA_TLNGSTR)
+  if (o->tt == LUA_VSHRSTR || o->tt == LUA_VLNGSTR)
     printf(" '%s'", getstr(gco2ts(o)));
 }
 
@@ -419,52 +420,54 @@ static void checkstack (global_State *g, lua_State *L1) {
   CallInfo *ci;
   UpVal *uv;
   lua_assert(!isdead(g, L1));
+  if (L1->stack == NULL) {  /* incomplete thread? */
+    lua_assert(L1->stacksize == 0 && L1->openupval == NULL &&
+               L1->ci == NULL);
+    return;
+  }
   for (uv = L1->openupval; uv != NULL; uv = uv->u.open.next)
     lua_assert(upisopen(uv));  /* must be open */
   for (ci = L1->ci; ci != NULL; ci = ci->previous) {
     lua_assert(ci->top <= L1->stack_last);
     lua_assert(lua_checkpc(ci));
   }
-  if (L1->stack) {  /* complete thread? */
-    for (o = L1->stack; o < L1->stack_last + EXTRA_STACK; o++)
-      checkliveness(L1, s2v(o));  /* entire stack must have valid values */
-  }
-  else lua_assert(L1->stacksize == 0);
+  for (o = L1->stack; o < L1->stack_last + EXTRA_STACK; o++)
+    checkliveness(L1, s2v(o));  /* entire stack must have valid values */
 }
 
 
 static void checkrefs (global_State *g, GCObject *o) {
   switch (o->tt) {
-    case LUA_TUSERDATA: {
+    case LUA_VUSERDATA: {
       checkudata(g, gco2u(o));
       break;
     }
-    case LUA_TUPVAL: {
+    case LUA_VUPVAL: {
       checkvalref(g, o, gco2upv(o)->v);
       break;
     }
-    case LUA_TTABLE: {
+    case LUA_VTABLE: {
       checktable(g, gco2t(o));
       break;
     }
-    case LUA_TTHREAD: {
+    case LUA_VTHREAD: {
       checkstack(g, gco2th(o));
       break;
     }
-    case LUA_TLCL: {
+    case LUA_VLCL: {
       checkLclosure(g, gco2lcl(o));
       break;
     }
-    case LUA_TCCL: {
+    case LUA_VCCL: {
       checkCclosure(g, gco2ccl(o));
       break;
     }
-    case LUA_TPROTO: {
+    case LUA_VPROTO: {
       checkproto(g, gco2p(o));
       break;
     }
-    case LUA_TSHRSTR:
-    case LUA_TLNGSTR: {
+    case LUA_VSHRSTR:
+    case LUA_VLNGSTR: {
       lua_assert(!isgray(o));  /* strings are never gray */
       break;
     }
@@ -476,7 +479,7 @@ static void checkrefs (global_State *g, GCObject *o) {
 /*
 ** Check consistency of an object:
 ** - Dead objects can only happen in the 'allgc' list during a sweep
-** phase (controled by the caller through 'maybedead').
+** phase (controlled by the caller through 'maybedead').
 ** - During pause, all objects must be white.
 ** - In generational mode:
 **   * objects must be old enough for their lists ('listage').
@@ -497,8 +500,8 @@ static void checkobject (global_State *g, GCObject *o, int maybedead,
         lua_assert(isblack(o) ||
         getage(o) == G_TOUCHED1 ||
         getage(o) == G_OLD0 ||
-        o->tt == LUA_TTHREAD ||
-        (o->tt == LUA_TUPVAL && upisopen(gco2upv(o))));
+        o->tt == LUA_VTHREAD ||
+        (o->tt == LUA_VUPVAL && upisopen(gco2upv(o))));
       }
     }
     checkrefs(g, o);
@@ -511,11 +514,15 @@ static void checkgraylist (global_State *g, GCObject *o) {
   while (o) {
     lua_assert(isgray(o) || getage(o) == G_TOUCHED2);
     switch (o->tt) {
-      case LUA_TTABLE: o = gco2t(o)->gclist; break;
-      case LUA_TLCL: o = gco2lcl(o)->gclist; break;
-      case LUA_TCCL: o = gco2ccl(o)->gclist; break;
-      case LUA_TTHREAD: o = gco2th(o)->gclist; break;
-      case LUA_TPROTO: o = gco2p(o)->gclist; break;
+      case LUA_VTABLE: o = gco2t(o)->gclist; break;
+      case LUA_VLCL: o = gco2lcl(o)->gclist; break;
+      case LUA_VCCL: o = gco2ccl(o)->gclist; break;
+      case LUA_VTHREAD: o = gco2th(o)->gclist; break;
+      case LUA_VPROTO: o = gco2p(o)->gclist; break;
+      case LUA_VUSERDATA:
+        lua_assert(gco2u(o)->nuvalue > 0);
+        o = gco2u(o)->gclist;
+        break;
       default: lua_assert(0);  /* other objects cannot be in a gray list */
     }
   }
@@ -570,7 +577,7 @@ int lua_checkmemory (lua_State *L) {
 
   /* check 'fixedgc' list */
   for (o = g->fixedgc; o != NULL; o = o->next) {
-    lua_assert(o->tt == LUA_TSHRSTR && isgray(o) && getage(o) == G_OLD);
+    lua_assert(o->tt == LUA_VSHRSTR && isgray(o) && getage(o) == G_OLD);
   }
 
   /* check 'allgc' list */
@@ -584,7 +591,7 @@ int lua_checkmemory (lua_State *L) {
   for (o = g->tobefnz; o != NULL; o = o->next) {
     checkobject(g, o, 0, G_NEW);
     lua_assert(tofinalize(o));
-    lua_assert(o->tt == LUA_TUSERDATA || o->tt == LUA_TTABLE);
+    lua_assert(o->tt == LUA_VUSERDATA || o->tt == LUA_VTABLE);
   }
   return 0;
 }
@@ -783,7 +790,7 @@ static int mem_query (lua_State *L) {
         return 1;
       }
     }
-    return luaL_error(L, "unkown type '%s'", t);
+    return luaL_error(L, "unknown type '%s'", t);
   }
 }
 

ltests.h

@@ -25,9 +25,6 @@
 #define lua_assert(c)           assert(c)
 
 
-/* include opcode names */
-#define LUAI_DEFOPNAMES
-
 
 /* compiled with -O0, Lua uses a lot of C stack space... */
 #undef LUAI_MAXCSTACK
@@ -61,7 +58,7 @@ typedef struct Memcontrol {
   unsigned long maxmem;
   unsigned long memlimit;
   unsigned long countlimit;
-  unsigned long objcount[LUA_NUMTAGS];
+  unsigned long objcount[LUA_NUMTYPES];
 } Memcontrol;
 
 LUA_API Memcontrol l_memcontrol;
@@ -121,18 +118,22 @@ LUA_API void *debug_realloc (void *ud, void *block,
 #define MINSTRTABSIZE		2
 #define MAXIWTHABS		3
 
+#define STRCACHE_N	23
+#define STRCACHE_M	5
+
+#undef LUAI_USER_ALIGNMENT_T
+#define LUAI_USER_ALIGNMENT_T   union { char b[sizeof(void*) * 8]; }
+
 
 /* make stack-overflow tests run faster */
 #undef LUAI_MAXSTACK
 #define LUAI_MAXSTACK   50000
 
 
-#undef LUAI_USER_ALIGNMENT_T
-#define LUAI_USER_ALIGNMENT_T   union { char b[sizeof(void*) * 8]; }
+/* force Lua to use its own implementations */
+#undef lua_strx2number
+#undef lua_number2strx
 
 
-#define STRCACHE_N	23
-#define STRCACHE_M	5
-
 #endif
 

ltm.c

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 
 static const char udatatypename[] = "userdata";
 
-LUAI_DDEF const char *const luaT_typenames_[LUA_TOTALTAGS] = {
+LUAI_DDEF const char *const luaT_typenames_[LUA_TOTALTYPES] = {
   "no value",
   "nil", "boolean", udatatypename, "number",
   "string", "table", "function", udatatypename, "thread",
@@ -188,6 +188,15 @@ void luaT_trybiniTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, lua_Integer i2,
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Calls an order tag method.
+** For lessequal, LUA_COMPAT_LT_LE keeps compatibility with old
+** behavior: if there is no '__le', try '__lt', based on l <= r iff
+** !(r < l) (assuming a total order). If the metamethod yields during
+** this substitution, the continuation has to know about it (to negate
+** the result of r<l); bit CIST_LEQ in the call status keeps that
+** information.
+*/
 int luaT_callorderTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2,
                       TMS event) {
   if (callbinTM(L, p1, p2, L->top, event))  /* try original event */

ltm.h

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ typedef enum {
 
 #define ttypename(x)	luaT_typenames_[(x) + 1]
 
-LUAI_DDEC(const char *const luaT_typenames_[LUA_TOTALTAGS];)
+LUAI_DDEC(const char *const luaT_typenames_[LUA_TOTALTYPES];)
 
 
 LUAI_FUNC const char *luaT_objtypename (lua_State *L, const TValue *o);

lua.c

@@ -54,8 +54,9 @@ static void lstop (lua_State *L, lua_Debug *ar) {
 ** interpreter.
 */
 static void laction (int i) {
+  int flag = LUA_MASKCALL | LUA_MASKRET | LUA_MASKLINE | LUA_MASKCOUNT;
   signal(i, SIG_DFL); /* if another SIGINT happens, terminate process */
-  lua_sethook(globalL, lstop, LUA_MASKCALL | LUA_MASKRET | LUA_MASKCOUNT, 1);
+  lua_sethook(globalL, lstop, flag, 1);
 }
 
 

lua.h

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 
 #define LUA_VERSION	"Lua " LUA_VERSION_MAJOR "." LUA_VERSION_MINOR
 #define LUA_RELEASE	LUA_VERSION "." LUA_VERSION_RELEASE
-#define LUA_COPYRIGHT	LUA_RELEASE "  Copyright (C) 1994-2019 Lua.org, PUC-Rio"
+#define LUA_COPYRIGHT	LUA_RELEASE "  Copyright (C) 1994-2020 Lua.org, PUC-Rio"
 #define LUA_AUTHORS	"R. Ierusalimschy, L. H. de Figueiredo, W. Celes"
 
 
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ typedef struct lua_State lua_State;
 #define LUA_TUSERDATA		7
 #define LUA_TTHREAD		8
 
-#define LUA_NUMTAGS		9
+#define LUA_NUMTYPES		9
 
 
 
@@ -412,6 +412,8 @@ LUA_API void  (lua_toclose) (lua_State *L, int idx);
 #define lua_getuservalue(L,idx)	lua_getiuservalue(L,idx,1)
 #define lua_setuservalue(L,idx)	lua_setiuservalue(L,idx,1)
 
+#define LUA_NUMTAGS		LUA_NUMTYPES
+
 /* }============================================================== */
 
 /*
@@ -489,7 +491,7 @@ struct lua_Debug {
 
 
 /******************************************************************************
-* Copyright (C) 1994-2019 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.
+* Copyright (C) 1994-2020 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
 * a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the

luaconf.h

@@ -398,7 +398,7 @@
 @@ LUA_NUMBER is the floating-point type used by Lua.
 @@ LUAI_UACNUMBER is the result of a 'default argument promotion'
 @@ over a floating number.
-@@ l_mathlim(x) corrects limit name 'x' to the proper float type
+@@ l_floatatt(x) corrects float attribute 'x' to the proper float type
 ** by prefixing it with one of FLT/DBL/LDBL.
 @@ LUA_NUMBER_FRMLEN is the length modifier for writing floats.
 @@ LUA_NUMBER_FMT is the format for writing floats.
@@ -437,7 +437,7 @@
 
 #define LUA_NUMBER	float
 
-#define l_mathlim(n)		(FLT_##n)
+#define l_floatatt(n)		(FLT_##n)
 
 #define LUAI_UACNUMBER	double
 
@@ -453,7 +453,7 @@
 
 #define LUA_NUMBER	long double
 
-#define l_mathlim(n)		(LDBL_##n)
+#define l_floatatt(n)		(LDBL_##n)
 
 #define LUAI_UACNUMBER	long double
 
@@ -468,7 +468,7 @@
 
 #define LUA_NUMBER	double
 
-#define l_mathlim(n)		(DBL_##n)
+#define l_floatatt(n)		(DBL_##n)
 
 #define LUAI_UACNUMBER	double
 

lundump.c

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 
 
 #if !defined(luai_verifycode)
-#define luai_verifycode(L,b,f)  /* empty */
+#define luai_verifycode(L,f)  /* empty */
 #endif
 
 
@@ -44,21 +44,21 @@ static l_noret error (LoadState *S, const char *why) {
 
 
 /*
-** All high-level loads go through LoadVector; you can change it to
+** All high-level loads go through loadVector; you can change it to
 ** adapt to the endianness of the input
 */
-#define LoadVector(S,b,n)	LoadBlock(S,b,(n)*sizeof((b)[0]))
+#define loadVector(S,b,n)	loadBlock(S,b,(n)*sizeof((b)[0]))
 
-static void LoadBlock (LoadState *S, void *b, size_t size) {
+static void loadBlock (LoadState *S, void *b, size_t size) {
   if (luaZ_read(S->Z, b, size) != 0)
     error(S, "truncated chunk");
 }
 
 
-#define LoadVar(S,x)		LoadVector(S,&x,1)
+#define loadVar(S,x)		loadVector(S,&x,1)
 
 
-static lu_byte LoadByte (LoadState *S) {
+static lu_byte loadByte (LoadState *S) {
   int b = zgetc(S->Z);
   if (b == EOZ)
     error(S, "truncated chunk");
@@ -66,12 +66,12 @@ static lu_byte LoadByte (LoadState *S) {
 }
 
 
-static size_t LoadUnsigned (LoadState *S, size_t limit) {
+static size_t loadUnsigned (LoadState *S, size_t limit) {
   size_t x = 0;
   int b;
   limit >>= 7;
   do {
-    b = LoadByte(S);
+    b = loadByte(S);
     if (x >= limit)
       error(S, "integer overflow");
     x = (x << 7) | (b & 0x7f);
@@ -80,98 +80,104 @@ static size_t LoadUnsigned (LoadState *S, size_t limit) {
 }
 
 
-static size_t LoadSize (LoadState *S) {
-  return LoadUnsigned(S, ~(size_t)0);
+static size_t loadSize (LoadState *S) {
+  return loadUnsigned(S, ~(size_t)0);
 }
 
 
-static int LoadInt (LoadState *S) {
-  return cast_int(LoadUnsigned(S, INT_MAX));
+static int loadInt (LoadState *S) {
+  return cast_int(loadUnsigned(S, INT_MAX));
 }
 
 
-static lua_Number LoadNumber (LoadState *S) {
+static lua_Number loadNumber (LoadState *S) {
   lua_Number x;
-  LoadVar(S, x);
+  loadVar(S, x);
   return x;
 }
 
 
-static lua_Integer LoadInteger (LoadState *S) {
+static lua_Integer loadInteger (LoadState *S) {
   lua_Integer x;
-  LoadVar(S, x);
+  loadVar(S, x);
   return x;
 }
 
 
 /*
-** Load a nullable string
+** Load a nullable string into prototype 'p'.
 */
-static TString *LoadStringN (LoadState *S) {
-  size_t size = LoadSize(S);
-  if (size == 0)
+static TString *loadStringN (LoadState *S, Proto *p) {
+  lua_State *L = S->L;
+  TString *ts;
+  size_t size = loadSize(S);
+  if (size == 0)  /* no string? */
     return NULL;
   else if (--size <= LUAI_MAXSHORTLEN) {  /* short string? */
     char buff[LUAI_MAXSHORTLEN];
-    LoadVector(S, buff, size);
-    return luaS_newlstr(S->L, buff, size);
+    loadVector(S, buff, size);  /* load string into buffer */
+    ts = luaS_newlstr(L, buff, size);  /* create string */
   }
   else {  /* long string */
-    TString *ts = luaS_createlngstrobj(S->L, size);
-    LoadVector(S, getstr(ts), size);  /* load directly in final place */
-    return ts;
+    ts = luaS_createlngstrobj(L, size);  /* create string */
+    loadVector(S, getstr(ts), size);  /* load directly in final place */
   }
+  luaC_objbarrier(L, p, ts);
+  return ts;
 }
 
 
 /*
-** Load a non-nullable string.
+** Load a non-nullable string into prototype 'p'.
 */
-static TString *LoadString (LoadState *S) {
-  TString *st = LoadStringN(S);
+static TString *loadString (LoadState *S, Proto *p) {
+  TString *st = loadStringN(S, p);
   if (st == NULL)
     error(S, "bad format for constant string");
   return st;
 }
 
 
-static void LoadCode (LoadState *S, Proto *f) {
-  int n = LoadInt(S);
+static void loadCode (LoadState *S, Proto *f) {
+  int n = loadInt(S);
   f->code = luaM_newvectorchecked(S->L, n, Instruction);
   f->sizecode = n;
-  LoadVector(S, f->code, n);
+  loadVector(S, f->code, n);
 }
 
 
-static void LoadFunction(LoadState *S, Proto *f, TString *psource);
+static void loadFunction(LoadState *S, Proto *f, TString *psource);
 
 
-static void LoadConstants (LoadState *S, Proto *f) {
+static void loadConstants (LoadState *S, Proto *f) {
   int i;
-  int n = LoadInt(S);
+  int n = loadInt(S);
   f->k = luaM_newvectorchecked(S->L, n, TValue);
   f->sizek = n;
   for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
     setnilvalue(&f->k[i]);
   for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
     TValue *o = &f->k[i];
-    int t = LoadByte(S);
+    int t = loadByte(S);
     switch (t) {
-      case LUA_TNIL:
+      case LUA_VNIL:
         setnilvalue(o);
         break;
-      case LUA_TBOOLEAN:
-        setbvalue(o, LoadByte(S));
+      case LUA_VFALSE:
+        setbfvalue(o);
         break;
-      case LUA_TNUMFLT:
-        setfltvalue(o, LoadNumber(S));
+      case LUA_VTRUE:
+        setbtvalue(o);
         break;
-      case LUA_TNUMINT:
-        setivalue(o, LoadInteger(S));
+      case LUA_VNUMFLT:
+        setfltvalue(o, loadNumber(S));
         break;
-      case LUA_TSHRSTR:
-      case LUA_TLNGSTR:
-        setsvalue2n(S->L, o, LoadString(S));
+      case LUA_VNUMINT:
+        setivalue(o, loadInteger(S));
+        break;
+      case LUA_VSHRSTR:
+      case LUA_VLNGSTR:
+        setsvalue2n(S->L, o, loadString(S, f));
         break;
       default: lua_assert(0);
     }
@@ -179,91 +185,92 @@ static void LoadConstants (LoadState *S, Proto *f) {
 }
 
 
-static void LoadProtos (LoadState *S, Proto *f) {
+static void loadProtos (LoadState *S, Proto *f) {
   int i;
-  int n = LoadInt(S);
+  int n = loadInt(S);
   f->p = luaM_newvectorchecked(S->L, n, Proto *);
   f->sizep = n;
   for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
     f->p[i] = NULL;
   for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
     f->p[i] = luaF_newproto(S->L);
-    LoadFunction(S, f->p[i], f->source);
+    luaC_objbarrier(S->L, f, f->p[i]);
+    loadFunction(S, f->p[i], f->source);
   }
 }
 
 
-static void LoadUpvalues (LoadState *S, Proto *f) {
+static void loadUpvalues (LoadState *S, Proto *f) {
   int i, n;
-  n = LoadInt(S);
+  n = loadInt(S);
   f->upvalues = luaM_newvectorchecked(S->L, n, Upvaldesc);
   f->sizeupvalues = n;
   for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
     f->upvalues[i].name = NULL;
-    f->upvalues[i].instack = LoadByte(S);
-    f->upvalues[i].idx = LoadByte(S);
-    f->upvalues[i].kind = LoadByte(S);
+    f->upvalues[i].instack = loadByte(S);
+    f->upvalues[i].idx = loadByte(S);
+    f->upvalues[i].kind = loadByte(S);
   }
 }
 
 
-static void LoadDebug (LoadState *S, Proto *f) {
+static void loadDebug (LoadState *S, Proto *f) {
   int i, n;
-  n = LoadInt(S);
+  n = loadInt(S);
   f->lineinfo = luaM_newvectorchecked(S->L, n, ls_byte);
   f->sizelineinfo = n;
-  LoadVector(S, f->lineinfo, n);
-  n = LoadInt(S);
+  loadVector(S, f->lineinfo, n);
+  n = loadInt(S);
   f->abslineinfo = luaM_newvectorchecked(S->L, n, AbsLineInfo);
   f->sizeabslineinfo = n;
   for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-    f->abslineinfo[i].pc = LoadInt(S);
-    f->abslineinfo[i].line = LoadInt(S);
+    f->abslineinfo[i].pc = loadInt(S);
+    f->abslineinfo[i].line = loadInt(S);
   }
-  n = LoadInt(S);
+  n = loadInt(S);
   f->locvars = luaM_newvectorchecked(S->L, n, LocVar);
   f->sizelocvars = n;
   for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
     f->locvars[i].varname = NULL;
   for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-    f->locvars[i].varname = LoadStringN(S);
-    f->locvars[i].startpc = LoadInt(S);
-    f->locvars[i].endpc = LoadInt(S);
+    f->locvars[i].varname = loadStringN(S, f);
+    f->locvars[i].startpc = loadInt(S);
+    f->locvars[i].endpc = loadInt(S);
   }
-  n = LoadInt(S);
+  n = loadInt(S);
   for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
-    f->upvalues[i].name = LoadStringN(S);
+    f->upvalues[i].name = loadStringN(S, f);
 }
 
 
-static void LoadFunction (LoadState *S, Proto *f, TString *psource) {
-  f->source = LoadStringN(S);
+static void loadFunction (LoadState *S, Proto *f, TString *psource) {
+  f->source = loadStringN(S, f);
   if (f->source == NULL)  /* no source in dump? */
     f->source = psource;  /* reuse parent's source */
-  f->linedefined = LoadInt(S);
-  f->lastlinedefined = LoadInt(S);
-  f->numparams = LoadByte(S);
-  f->is_vararg = LoadByte(S);
-  f->maxstacksize = LoadByte(S);
-  LoadCode(S, f);
-  LoadConstants(S, f);
-  LoadUpvalues(S, f);
-  LoadProtos(S, f);
-  LoadDebug(S, f);
+  f->linedefined = loadInt(S);
+  f->lastlinedefined = loadInt(S);
+  f->numparams = loadByte(S);
+  f->is_vararg = loadByte(S);
+  f->maxstacksize = loadByte(S);
+  loadCode(S, f);
+  loadConstants(S, f);
+  loadUpvalues(S, f);
+  loadProtos(S, f);
+  loadDebug(S, f);
 }
 
 
 static void checkliteral (LoadState *S, const char *s, const char *msg) {
   char buff[sizeof(LUA_SIGNATURE) + sizeof(LUAC_DATA)]; /* larger than both */
   size_t len = strlen(s);
-  LoadVector(S, buff, len);
+  loadVector(S, buff, len);
   if (memcmp(s, buff, len) != 0)
     error(S, msg);
 }
 
 
 static void fchecksize (LoadState *S, size_t size, const char *tname) {
-  if (LoadByte(S) != size)
+  if (loadByte(S) != size)
     error(S, luaO_pushfstring(S->L, "%s size mismatch", tname));
 }
 
@@ -273,23 +280,23 @@ static void fchecksize (LoadState *S, size_t size, const char *tname) {
 static void checkHeader (LoadState *S) {
   /* skip 1st char (already read and checked) */
   checkliteral(S, &LUA_SIGNATURE[1], "not a binary chunk");
-  if (LoadInt(S) != LUAC_VERSION)
+  if (loadByte(S) != LUAC_VERSION)
     error(S, "version mismatch");
-  if (LoadByte(S) != LUAC_FORMAT)
+  if (loadByte(S) != LUAC_FORMAT)
     error(S, "format mismatch");
   checkliteral(S, LUAC_DATA, "corrupted chunk");
   checksize(S, Instruction);
   checksize(S, lua_Integer);
   checksize(S, lua_Number);
-  if (LoadInteger(S) != LUAC_INT)
+  if (loadInteger(S) != LUAC_INT)
     error(S, "integer format mismatch");
-  if (LoadNumber(S) != LUAC_NUM)
+  if (loadNumber(S) != LUAC_NUM)
     error(S, "float format mismatch");
 }
 
 
 /*
-** load precompiled chunk
+** Load precompiled chunk.
 */
 LClosure *luaU_undump(lua_State *L, ZIO *Z, const char *name) {
   LoadState S;
@@ -303,13 +310,14 @@ LClosure *luaU_undump(lua_State *L, ZIO *Z, const char *name) {
   S.L = L;
   S.Z = Z;
   checkHeader(&S);
-  cl = luaF_newLclosure(L, LoadByte(&S));
+  cl = luaF_newLclosure(L, loadByte(&S));
   setclLvalue2s(L, L->top, cl);
   luaD_inctop(L);
   cl->p = luaF_newproto(L);
-  LoadFunction(&S, cl->p, NULL);
+  luaC_objbarrier(L, cl, cl->p);
+  loadFunction(&S, cl->p, NULL);
   lua_assert(cl->nupvalues == cl->p->sizeupvalues);
-  luai_verifycode(L, buff, cl->p);
+  luai_verifycode(L, cl->p);
   return cl;
 }
 

lundump.h

@@ -18,7 +18,12 @@
 #define LUAC_INT	0x5678
 #define LUAC_NUM	cast_num(370.5)
 
-#define LUAC_VERSION	LUA_VERSION_NUM
+/*
+** Encode major-minor version in one byte, one nibble for each
+*/
+#define MYINT(s)	(s[0]-'0')  /* assume one-digit numerals */
+#define LUAC_VERSION	(MYINT(LUA_VERSION_MAJOR)*16+MYINT(LUA_VERSION_MINOR))
+
 #define LUAC_FORMAT	0	/* this is the official format */
 
 /* load one chunk; from lundump.c */

lutf8lib.c

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 ** Integer type for decoded UTF-8 values; MAXUTF needs 31 bits.
 */
 #if (UINT_MAX >> 30) >= 1
-typedef	unsigned int utfint;
+typedef unsigned int utfint;
 #else
 typedef unsigned long utfint;
 #endif
@@ -97,9 +97,9 @@ static int utflen (lua_State *L) {
   lua_Integer posj = u_posrelat(luaL_optinteger(L, 3, -1), len);
   int lax = lua_toboolean(L, 4);
   luaL_argcheck(L, 1 <= posi && --posi <= (lua_Integer)len, 2,
-                   "initial position out of string");
+                   "initial position out of bounds");
   luaL_argcheck(L, --posj < (lua_Integer)len, 3,
-                   "final position out of string");
+                   "final position out of bounds");
   while (posi <= posj) {
     const char *s1 = utf8_decode(s + posi, NULL, !lax);
     if (s1 == NULL) {  /* conversion error? */
@@ -127,8 +127,8 @@ static int codepoint (lua_State *L) {
   int lax = lua_toboolean(L, 4);
   int n;
   const char *se;
-  luaL_argcheck(L, posi >= 1, 2, "out of range");
-  luaL_argcheck(L, pose <= (lua_Integer)len, 3, "out of range");
+  luaL_argcheck(L, posi >= 1, 2, "out of bounds");
+  luaL_argcheck(L, pose <= (lua_Integer)len, 3, "out of bounds");
   if (posi > pose) return 0;  /* empty interval; return no values */
   if (pose - posi >= INT_MAX)  /* (lua_Integer -> int) overflow? */
     return luaL_error(L, "string slice too long");
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ static int byteoffset (lua_State *L) {
   lua_Integer posi = (n >= 0) ? 1 : len + 1;
   posi = u_posrelat(luaL_optinteger(L, 3, posi), len);
   luaL_argcheck(L, 1 <= posi && --posi <= (lua_Integer)len, 3,
-                   "position out of range");
+                   "position out of bounds");
   if (n == 0) {
     /* find beginning of current byte sequence */
     while (posi > 0 && iscont(s + posi)) posi--;

lvm.c

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
 */
 
 /* number of bits in the mantissa of a float */
-#define NBM		(l_mathlim(MANT_DIG))
+#define NBM		(l_floatatt(MANT_DIG))
 
 /*
 ** Check whether some integers may not fit in a float, testing whether
@@ -80,6 +80,21 @@
 #endif
 
 
+/*
+** Try to convert a value from string to a number value.
+** If the value is not a string or is a string not representing
+** a valid numeral (or if coercions from strings to numbers
+** are disabled via macro 'cvt2num'), do not modify 'result'
+** and return 0.
+*/
+static int l_strton (const TValue *obj, TValue *result) {
+  lua_assert(obj != result);
+  if (!cvt2num(obj))  /* is object not a string? */
+    return 0;
+  else
+    return (luaO_str2num(svalue(obj), result) == vslen(obj) + 1);
+}
+
 
 /*
 ** Try to convert a value to a float. The float case is already handled
@@ -91,8 +106,7 @@ int luaV_tonumber_ (const TValue *obj, lua_Number *n) {
     *n = cast_num(ivalue(obj));
     return 1;
   }
-  else if (cvt2num(obj) &&  /* string coercible to number? */
-            luaO_str2num(svalue(obj), &v) == vslen(obj) + 1) {
+  else if (l_strton(obj, &v)) {  /* string coercible to number? */
     *n = nvalue(&v);  /* convert result of 'luaO_str2num' to a float */
     return 1;
   }
@@ -102,16 +116,13 @@ int luaV_tonumber_ (const TValue *obj, lua_Number *n) {
 
 
 /*
-** try to convert a float to an integer, rounding according to 'mode':
-** mode == 0: accepts only integral values
-** mode == 1: takes the floor of the number
-** mode == 2: takes the ceil of the number
+** try to convert a float to an integer, rounding according to 'mode'.
 */
-int luaV_flttointeger (lua_Number n, lua_Integer *p, int mode) {
+int luaV_flttointeger (lua_Number n, lua_Integer *p, F2Imod mode) {
   lua_Number f = l_floor(n);
   if (n != f) {  /* not an integral value? */
-    if (mode == 0) return 0;  /* fails if mode demands integral value */
-    else if (mode > 1)  /* needs ceil? */
+    if (mode == F2Ieq) return 0;  /* fails if mode demands integral value */
+    else if (mode == F2Iceil)  /* needs ceil? */
       f += 1;  /* convert floor to ceil (remember: n != f) */
   }
   return lua_numbertointeger(f, p);
@@ -123,7 +134,7 @@ int luaV_flttointeger (lua_Number n, lua_Integer *p, int mode) {
 ** without string coercion.
 ** ("Fast track" handled by macro 'tointegerns'.)
 */
-int luaV_tointegerns (const TValue *obj, lua_Integer *p, int mode) {
+int luaV_tointegerns (const TValue *obj, lua_Integer *p, F2Imod mode) {
   if (ttisfloat(obj))
     return luaV_flttointeger(fltvalue(obj), p, mode);
   else if (ttisinteger(obj)) {
@@ -138,33 +149,33 @@ int luaV_tointegerns (const TValue *obj, lua_Integer *p, int mode) {
 /*
 ** try to convert a value to an integer.
 */
-int luaV_tointeger (const TValue *obj, lua_Integer *p, int mode) {
+int luaV_tointeger (const TValue *obj, lua_Integer *p, F2Imod mode) {
   TValue v;
-  if (cvt2num(obj) && luaO_str2num(svalue(obj), &v) == vslen(obj) + 1)
-    obj = &v;  /* change string to its corresponding number */
+  if (l_strton(obj, &v))  /* does 'obj' point to a numerical string? */
+    obj = &v;  /* change it to point to its corresponding number */
   return luaV_tointegerns(obj, p, mode);
 }
 
 
 /*
 ** Try to convert a 'for' limit to an integer, preserving the semantics
-** of the loop.  (The following explanation assumes a positive step;
-** it is valid for negative steps mutatis mutandis.)
-** Return true if the loop must not run.
+** of the loop. Return true if the loop must not run; otherwise, '*p'
+** gets the integer limit.
+** (The following explanation assumes a positive step; it is valid for
+** negative steps mutatis mutandis.)
 ** If the limit is an integer or can be converted to an integer,
 ** rounding down, that is the limit.
 ** Otherwise, check whether the limit can be converted to a float. If
 ** the float is too large, clip it to LUA_MAXINTEGER.  If the float
 ** is too negative, the loop should not run, because any initial
-** integer value is greater than such limit; so, it returns true to
-** signal that.
-** (For this latter case, no integer limit would be correct; even a
-** limit of LUA_MININTEGER would run the loop once for an initial
-** value equal to LUA_MININTEGER.)
+** integer value is greater than such limit; so, the function returns
+** true to signal that. (For this latter case, no integer limit would be
+** correct; even a limit of LUA_MININTEGER would run the loop once for
+** an initial value equal to LUA_MININTEGER.)
 */
 static int forlimit (lua_State *L, lua_Integer init, const TValue *lim,
                                    lua_Integer *p, lua_Integer step) {
-  if (!luaV_tointeger(lim, p, (step < 0 ? 2 : 1))) {
+  if (!luaV_tointeger(lim, p, (step < 0 ? F2Iceil : F2Ifloor))) {
     /* not coercible to in integer */
     lua_Number flim;  /* try to convert to float */
     if (!tonumber(lim, &flim)) /* cannot convert to float? */
@@ -183,6 +194,91 @@ static int forlimit (lua_State *L, lua_Integer init, const TValue *lim,
 }
 
 
+/*
+** Prepare a numerical for loop (opcode OP_FORPREP).
+** Return true to skip the loop. Otherwise,
+** after preparation, stack will be as follows:
+**   ra : internal index (safe copy of the control variable)
+**   ra + 1 : loop counter (integer loops) or limit (float loops)
+**   ra + 2 : step
+**   ra + 3 : control variable
+*/
+static int forprep (lua_State *L, StkId ra) {
+  TValue *pinit = s2v(ra);
+  TValue *plimit = s2v(ra + 1);
+  TValue *pstep = s2v(ra + 2);
+  if (ttisinteger(pinit) && ttisinteger(pstep)) { /* integer loop? */
+    lua_Integer init = ivalue(pinit);
+    lua_Integer step = ivalue(pstep);
+    lua_Integer limit;
+    if (step == 0)
+      luaG_runerror(L, "'for' step is zero");
+    setivalue(s2v(ra + 3), init);  /* control variable */
+    if (forlimit(L, init, plimit, &limit, step))
+      return 1;  /* skip the loop */
+    else {  /* prepare loop counter */
+      lua_Unsigned count;
+      if (step > 0) {  /* ascending loop? */
+        count = l_castS2U(limit) - l_castS2U(init);
+        if (step != 1)  /* avoid division in the too common case */
+          count /= l_castS2U(step);
+      }
+      else {  /* step < 0; descending loop */
+        count = l_castS2U(init) - l_castS2U(limit);
+        /* 'step+1' avoids negating 'mininteger' */
+        count /= l_castS2U(-(step + 1)) + 1u;
+      }
+      /* store the counter in place of the limit (which won't be
+         needed anymore */
+      setivalue(plimit, l_castU2S(count));
+    }
+  }
+  else {  /* try making all values floats */
+    lua_Number init; lua_Number limit; lua_Number step;
+    if (unlikely(!tonumber(plimit, &limit)))
+      luaG_forerror(L, plimit, "limit");
+    if (unlikely(!tonumber(pstep, &step)))
+      luaG_forerror(L, pstep, "step");
+    if (unlikely(!tonumber(pinit, &init)))
+      luaG_forerror(L, pinit, "initial value");
+    if (step == 0)
+      luaG_runerror(L, "'for' step is zero");
+    if (luai_numlt(0, step) ? luai_numlt(limit, init)
+                            : luai_numlt(init, limit))
+      return 1;  /* skip the loop */
+    else {
+      /* make sure internal values are all floats */
+      setfltvalue(plimit, limit);
+      setfltvalue(pstep, step);
+      setfltvalue(s2v(ra), init);  /* internal index */
+      setfltvalue(s2v(ra + 3), init);  /* control variable */
+    }
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Execute a step of a float numerical for loop, returning
+** true iff the loop must continue. (The integer case is
+** written online with opcode OP_FORLOOP, for performance.)
+*/
+static int floatforloop (StkId ra) {
+  lua_Number step = fltvalue(s2v(ra + 2));
+  lua_Number limit = fltvalue(s2v(ra + 1));
+  lua_Number idx = fltvalue(s2v(ra));  /* internal index */
+  idx = luai_numadd(L, idx, step);  /* increment index */
+  if (luai_numlt(0, step) ? luai_numle(idx, limit)
+                          : luai_numle(limit, idx)) {
+    chgfltvalue(s2v(ra), idx);  /* update internal index */
+    setfltvalue(s2v(ra + 3), idx);  /* and control variable */
+    return 1;  /* jump back */
+  }
+  else
+    return 0;  /* finish the loop */
+}
+
+
 /*
 ** Finish the table access 'val = t[key]'.
 ** if 'slot' is NULL, 't' is not a table; otherwise, 'slot' points to
@@ -318,7 +414,7 @@ static int LTintfloat (lua_Integer i, lua_Number f) {
     return luai_numlt(cast_num(i), f);  /* compare them as floats */
   else {  /* i < f <=> i < ceil(f) */
     lua_Integer fi;
-    if (luaV_flttointeger(f, &fi, 2))  /* fi = ceil(f) */
+    if (luaV_flttointeger(f, &fi, F2Iceil))  /* fi = ceil(f) */
       return i < fi;   /* compare them as integers */
     else  /* 'f' is either greater or less than all integers */
       return f > 0;  /* greater? */
@@ -335,7 +431,7 @@ static int LEintfloat (lua_Integer i, lua_Number f) {
     return luai_numle(cast_num(i), f);  /* compare them as floats */
   else {  /* i <= f <=> i <= floor(f) */
     lua_Integer fi;
-    if (luaV_flttointeger(f, &fi, 1))  /* fi = floor(f) */
+    if (luaV_flttointeger(f, &fi, F2Ifloor))  /* fi = floor(f) */
       return i <= fi;   /* compare them as integers */
     else  /* 'f' is either greater or less than all integers */
       return f > 0;  /* greater? */
@@ -352,7 +448,7 @@ static int LTfloatint (lua_Number f, lua_Integer i) {
     return luai_numlt(f, cast_num(i));  /* compare them as floats */
   else {  /* f < i <=> floor(f) < i */
     lua_Integer fi;
-    if (luaV_flttointeger(f, &fi, 1))  /* fi = floor(f) */
+    if (luaV_flttointeger(f, &fi, F2Ifloor))  /* fi = floor(f) */
       return fi < i;   /* compare them as integers */
     else  /* 'f' is either greater or less than all integers */
       return f < 0;  /* less? */
@@ -369,7 +465,7 @@ static int LEfloatint (lua_Number f, lua_Integer i) {
     return luai_numle(f, cast_num(i));  /* compare them as floats */
   else {  /* f <= i <=> ceil(f) <= i */
     lua_Integer fi;
-    if (luaV_flttointeger(f, &fi, 2))  /* fi = ceil(f) */
+    if (luaV_flttointeger(f, &fi, F2Iceil))  /* fi = ceil(f) */
       return fi <= i;   /* compare them as integers */
     else  /* 'f' is either greater or less than all integers */
       return f < 0;  /* less? */
@@ -445,11 +541,6 @@ int luaV_lessthan (lua_State *L, const TValue *l, const TValue *r) {
 
 /*
 ** return 'l <= r' for non-numbers.
-** If it needs a metamethod and there is no '__le', try '__lt', based
-** on l <= r iff !(r < l) (assuming a total order). If the metamethod
-** yields during this substitution, the continuation has to know about
-** it (to negate the result of r<l); bit CIST_LEQ in the call status
-** keeps that information.
 */
 static int lessequalothers (lua_State *L, const TValue *l, const TValue *r) {
   lua_assert(!ttisnumber(l) || !ttisnumber(r));
@@ -486,15 +577,14 @@ int luaV_equalobj (lua_State *L, const TValue *t1, const TValue *t2) {
   }
   /* values have same type and same variant */
   switch (ttypetag(t1)) {
-    case LUA_TNIL: return 1;
-    case LUA_TNUMINT: return (ivalue(t1) == ivalue(t2));
-    case LUA_TNUMFLT: return luai_numeq(fltvalue(t1), fltvalue(t2));
-    case LUA_TBOOLEAN: return bvalue(t1) == bvalue(t2);  /* true must be 1! */
-    case LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA: return pvalue(t1) == pvalue(t2);
-    case LUA_TLCF: return fvalue(t1) == fvalue(t2);
-    case LUA_TSHRSTR: return eqshrstr(tsvalue(t1), tsvalue(t2));
-    case LUA_TLNGSTR: return luaS_eqlngstr(tsvalue(t1), tsvalue(t2));
-    case LUA_TUSERDATA: {
+    case LUA_VNIL: case LUA_VFALSE: case LUA_VTRUE: return 1;
+    case LUA_VNUMINT: return (ivalue(t1) == ivalue(t2));
+    case LUA_VNUMFLT: return luai_numeq(fltvalue(t1), fltvalue(t2));
+    case LUA_VLIGHTUSERDATA: return pvalue(t1) == pvalue(t2);
+    case LUA_VLCF: return fvalue(t1) == fvalue(t2);
+    case LUA_VSHRSTR: return eqshrstr(tsvalue(t1), tsvalue(t2));
+    case LUA_VLNGSTR: return luaS_eqlngstr(tsvalue(t1), tsvalue(t2));
+    case LUA_VUSERDATA: {
       if (uvalue(t1) == uvalue(t2)) return 1;
       else if (L == NULL) return 0;
       tm = fasttm(L, uvalue(t1)->metatable, TM_EQ);
@@ -502,7 +592,7 @@ int luaV_equalobj (lua_State *L, const TValue *t1, const TValue *t2) {
         tm = fasttm(L, uvalue(t2)->metatable, TM_EQ);
       break;  /* will try TM */
     }
-    case LUA_TTABLE: {
+    case LUA_VTABLE: {
       if (hvalue(t1) == hvalue(t2)) return 1;
       else if (L == NULL) return 0;
       tm = fasttm(L, hvalue(t1)->metatable, TM_EQ);
@@ -590,18 +680,18 @@ void luaV_concat (lua_State *L, int total) {
 void luaV_objlen (lua_State *L, StkId ra, const TValue *rb) {
   const TValue *tm;
   switch (ttypetag(rb)) {
-    case LUA_TTABLE: {
+    case LUA_VTABLE: {
       Table *h = hvalue(rb);
       tm = fasttm(L, h->metatable, TM_LEN);
       if (tm) break;  /* metamethod? break switch to call it */
       setivalue(s2v(ra), luaH_getn(h));  /* else primitive len */
       return;
     }
-    case LUA_TSHRSTR: {
+    case LUA_VSHRSTR: {
       setivalue(s2v(ra), tsvalue(rb)->shrlen);
       return;
     }
-    case LUA_TLNGSTR: {
+    case LUA_VLNGSTR: {
       setivalue(s2v(ra), tsvalue(rb)->u.lnglen);
       return;
     }
@@ -788,39 +878,22 @@ void luaV_finishOp (lua_State *L) {
 #define l_gei(a,b)	(a >= b)
 
 
-/*
-** Auxiliary macro for arithmetic operations over floats and others
-** with immediate operand. 'fop' is the float operation; 'tm' is the
-** corresponding metamethod; 'flip' is true if operands were flipped.
-*/
-#define op_arithfI_aux(L,v1,imm,fop,tm,flip) {  \
-  lua_Number nb;  \
-  if (tonumberns(v1, nb)) {  \
-    lua_Number fimm = cast_num(imm);  \
-    pc++; setfltvalue(s2v(ra), fop(L, nb, fimm));  \
-  }}
-
-
-/*
-** Arithmetic operations over floats and others with immediate operand.
-*/
-#define op_arithfI(L,fop,tm) {  \
-  TValue *v1 = vRB(i);  \
-  int imm = GETARG_sC(i);  \
-  op_arithfI_aux(L, v1, imm, fop, tm, 0); }
-
 /*
 ** Arithmetic operations with immediate operands. 'iop' is the integer
-** operation.
+** operation, 'fop' is the float operation.
 */
-#define op_arithI(L,iop,fop,tm,flip) {  \
+#define op_arithI(L,iop,fop) {  \
   TValue *v1 = vRB(i);  \
   int imm = GETARG_sC(i);  \
   if (ttisinteger(v1)) {  \
     lua_Integer iv1 = ivalue(v1);  \
     pc++; setivalue(s2v(ra), iop(L, iv1, imm));  \
   }  \
-  else op_arithfI_aux(L, v1, imm, fop, tm, flip); }
+  else if (ttisfloat(v1)) {  \
+    lua_Number nb = fltvalue(v1);  \
+    lua_Number fimm = cast_num(imm);  \
+    pc++; setfltvalue(s2v(ra), fop(L, nb, fimm)); \
+  }}
 
 
 /*
@@ -844,11 +917,18 @@ void luaV_finishOp (lua_State *L) {
 
 
 /*
-** Arithmetic operations with register operands.
+** Arithmetic operations with K operands for floats.
 */
-#define op_arith(L,iop,fop) {  \
+#define op_arithfK(L,fop) {  \
   TValue *v1 = vRB(i);  \
-  TValue *v2 = vRC(i);  \
+  TValue *v2 = KC(i);  \
+  op_arithf_aux(L, v1, v2, fop); }
+
+
+/*
+** Arithmetic operations over integers and floats.
+*/
+#define op_arith_aux(L,v1,v2,iop,fop) {  \
   if (ttisinteger(v1) && ttisinteger(v2)) {  \
     lua_Integer i1 = ivalue(v1); lua_Integer i2 = ivalue(v2);  \
     pc++; setivalue(s2v(ra), iop(L, i1, i2));  \
@@ -857,32 +937,21 @@ void luaV_finishOp (lua_State *L) {
 
 
 /*
-** Arithmetic operations with K operands.
+** Arithmetic operations with register operands.
 */
-#define op_arithK(L,iop,fop,flip) {  \
+#define op_arith(L,iop,fop) {  \
   TValue *v1 = vRB(i);  \
-  TValue *v2 = KC(i);  \
-  if (ttisinteger(v1) && ttisinteger(v2)) {  \
-    lua_Integer i1 = ivalue(v1); lua_Integer i2 = ivalue(v2);  \
-    pc++; setivalue(s2v(ra), iop(L, i1, i2));  \
-  }  \
-  else { \
-    lua_Number n1; lua_Number n2;  \
-    if (tonumberns(v1, n1) && tonumberns(v2, n2)) {  \
-      pc++; setfltvalue(s2v(ra), fop(L, n1, n2));  \
-    }}}
+  TValue *v2 = vRC(i);  \
+  op_arith_aux(L, v1, v2, iop, fop); }
 
 
 /*
-** Arithmetic operations with K operands for floats.
+** Arithmetic operations with K operands.
 */
-#define op_arithfK(L,fop) {  \
+#define op_arithK(L,iop,fop) {  \
   TValue *v1 = vRB(i);  \
   TValue *v2 = KC(i);  \
-  lua_Number n1; lua_Number n2;  \
-  if (tonumberns(v1, n1) && tonumberns(v2, n2)) {  \
-    pc++; setfltvalue(s2v(ra), fop(L, n1, n2));  \
-  }}
+  op_arith_aux(L, v1, v2, iop, fop); }
 
 
 /*
@@ -911,9 +980,11 @@ void luaV_finishOp (lua_State *L) {
 
 
 /*
-** Order operations with register operands.
+** Order operations with register operands. 'opn' actually works
+** for all numbers, but the fast track improves performance for
+** integers.
 */
-#define op_order(L,opi,opf,other) {  \
+#define op_order(L,opi,opn,other) {  \
         int cond;  \
         TValue *rb = vRB(i);  \
         if (ttisinteger(s2v(ra)) && ttisinteger(rb)) {  \
@@ -922,14 +993,15 @@ void luaV_finishOp (lua_State *L) {
           cond = opi(ia, ib);  \
         }  \
         else if (ttisnumber(s2v(ra)) && ttisnumber(rb))  \
-          cond = opf(s2v(ra), rb);  \
+          cond = opn(s2v(ra), rb);  \
         else  \
           Protect(cond = other(L, s2v(ra), rb));  \
         docondjump(); }
 
 
 /*
-** Order operations with immediate operand.
+** Order operations with immediate operand. (Immediate operand is
+** always small enough to have an exact representation as a float.)
 */
 #define op_orderI(L,opi,opf,inv,tm) {  \
         int cond;  \
@@ -1082,7 +1154,7 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) {
     lua_assert(base == ci->func + 1);
     lua_assert(base <= L->top && L->top < L->stack + L->stacksize);
     /* invalidate top for instructions not expecting it */
-    lua_assert(isIT(i) || (L->top = base));
+    lua_assert(isIT(i) || (cast_void(L->top = base), 1));
     vmdispatch (GET_OPCODE(i)) {
       vmcase(OP_MOVE) {
         setobjs2s(L, ra, RB(i));
@@ -1109,9 +1181,17 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) {
         setobj2s(L, ra, rb);
         vmbreak;
       }
-      vmcase(OP_LOADBOOL) {
-        setbvalue(s2v(ra), GETARG_B(i));
-        if (GETARG_C(i)) pc++;  /* skip next instruction (if C) */
+      vmcase(OP_LOADFALSE) {
+        setbfvalue(s2v(ra));
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_LFALSESKIP) {
+        setbfvalue(s2v(ra));
+        pc++;  /* skip next instruction */
+        vmbreak;
+      }
+      vmcase(OP_LOADTRUE) {
+        setbtvalue(s2v(ra));
         vmbreak;
       }
       vmcase(OP_LOADNIL) {
@@ -1243,8 +1323,9 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) {
         Table *t;
         if (b > 0)
           b = 1 << (b - 1);  /* size is 2^(b - 1) */
-        if (TESTARG_k(i))
-          c += GETARG_Ax(*pc) * (MAXARG_C + 1);
+        lua_assert((!TESTARG_k(i)) == (GETARG_Ax(*pc) == 0));
+        if (TESTARG_k(i))  /* non-zero extra argument? */
+          c += GETARG_Ax(*pc) * (MAXARG_C + 1);  /* add it to size */
         pc++;  /* skip extra argument */
         L->top = ra + 1;  /* correct top in case of emergency GC */
         t = luaH_new(L);  /* memory allocation */
@@ -1268,23 +1349,23 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) {
         vmbreak;
       }
       vmcase(OP_ADDI) {
-        op_arithI(L, l_addi, luai_numadd, TM_ADD, GETARG_k(i));
+        op_arithI(L, l_addi, luai_numadd);
         vmbreak;
       }
       vmcase(OP_ADDK) {
-        op_arithK(L, l_addi, luai_numadd, GETARG_k(i));
+        op_arithK(L, l_addi, luai_numadd);
         vmbreak;
       }
       vmcase(OP_SUBK) {
-        op_arithK(L, l_subi, luai_numsub, 0);
+        op_arithK(L, l_subi, luai_numsub);
         vmbreak;
       }
       vmcase(OP_MULK) {
-        op_arithK(L, l_muli, luai_nummul, GETARG_k(i));
+        op_arithK(L, l_muli, luai_nummul);
         vmbreak;
       }
       vmcase(OP_MODK) {
-        op_arithK(L, luaV_mod, luaV_modf, 0);
+        op_arithK(L, luaV_mod, luaV_modf);
         vmbreak;
       }
       vmcase(OP_POWK) {
@@ -1296,7 +1377,7 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) {
         vmbreak;
       }
       vmcase(OP_IDIVK) {
-        op_arithK(L, luaV_idiv, luai_numidiv, 0);
+        op_arithK(L, luaV_idiv, luai_numidiv);
         vmbreak;
       }
       vmcase(OP_BANDK) {
@@ -1430,8 +1511,10 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) {
       }
       vmcase(OP_NOT) {
         TValue *rb = vRB(i);
-        int nrb = l_isfalse(rb);  /* next assignment may change this value */
-        setbvalue(s2v(ra), nrb);
+        if (l_isfalse(rb))
+          setbtvalue(s2v(ra));
+        else
+          setbfvalue(s2v(ra));
         vmbreak;
       }
       vmcase(OP_LEN) {
@@ -1476,7 +1559,7 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) {
       vmcase(OP_EQK) {
         TValue *rb = KB(i);
         /* basic types do not use '__eq'; we can use raw equality */
-        int cond = luaV_equalobj(NULL, s2v(ra), rb);
+        int cond = luaV_rawequalobj(s2v(ra), rb);
         docondjump();
         vmbreak;
       }
@@ -1549,9 +1632,10 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) {
           luaF_close(L, base, NOCLOSINGMETH);
           lua_assert(base == ci->func + 1);
         }
-        if (!ttisfunction(s2v(ra))) {  /* not a function? */
+        while (!ttisfunction(s2v(ra))) {  /* not a function? */
           luaD_tryfuncTM(L, ra);  /* try '__call' metamethod */
           b++;  /* there is now one extra argument */
+          checkstackp(L, 1, ra);
         }
         if (!ttisLclosure(s2v(ra))) {  /* C function? */
           luaD_call(L, ra, LUA_MULTRET);  /* call it */
@@ -1561,12 +1645,9 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) {
           luaD_poscall(L, ci, cast_int(L->top - ra));
           return;
         }
-        else {  /* Lua tail call */
-          ci->func -= delta;
-          luaD_pretailcall(L, ci, ra, b);  /* prepare call frame */
-          goto tailcall;
-        }
-        vmbreak;
+        ci->func -= delta;
+        luaD_pretailcall(L, ci, ra, b);  /* prepare call frame */
+        goto tailcall;
       }
       vmcase(OP_RETURN) {
         int n = GETARG_B(i) - 1;  /* number of results */
@@ -1633,73 +1714,15 @@ void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) {
             pc -= GETARG_Bx(i);  /* jump back */
           }
         }
-        else {  /* floating loop */
-          lua_Number step = fltvalue(s2v(ra + 2));
-          lua_Number limit = fltvalue(s2v(ra + 1));
-          lua_Number idx = fltvalue(s2v(ra));
-          idx = luai_numadd(L, idx, step);  /* increment index */
-          if (luai_numlt(0, step) ? luai_numle(idx, limit)
-                                  : luai_numle(limit, idx)) {
-            chgfltvalue(s2v(ra), idx);  /* update internal index */
-            setfltvalue(s2v(ra + 3), idx);  /* and control variable */
-            pc -= GETARG_Bx(i);  /* jump back */
-          }
-        }
+        else if (floatforloop(ra))  /* float loop */
+          pc -= GETARG_Bx(i);  /* jump back */
         updatetrap(ci);  /* allows a signal to break the loop */
         vmbreak;
       }
       vmcase(OP_FORPREP) {
-        TValue *pinit = s2v(ra);
-        TValue *plimit = s2v(ra + 1);
-        TValue *pstep = s2v(ra + 2);
         savestate(L, ci);  /* in case of errors */
-        if (ttisinteger(pinit) && ttisinteger(pstep)) { /* integer loop? */
-          lua_Integer init = ivalue(pinit);
-          lua_Integer step = ivalue(pstep);
-          lua_Integer limit;
-          if (step == 0)
-            luaG_runerror(L, "'for' step is zero");
-          setivalue(s2v(ra + 3), init);  /* control variable */
-          if (forlimit(L, init, plimit, &limit, step))
-            pc += GETARG_Bx(i) + 1;  /* skip the loop */
-          else {  /* prepare loop counter */
-            lua_Unsigned count;
-            if (step > 0) {  /* ascending loop? */
-              count = l_castS2U(limit) - l_castS2U(init);
-              if (step != 1)  /* avoid division in the too common case */
-                count /= l_castS2U(step);
-            }
-            else {  /* step < 0; descending loop */
-              count = l_castS2U(init) - l_castS2U(limit);
-              /* 'step+1' avoids negating 'mininteger' */
-              count /= l_castS2U(-(step + 1)) + 1u;
-            }
-            /* store the counter in place of the limit (which won't be
-               needed anymore */
-            setivalue(plimit, l_castU2S(count));
-          }
-        }
-        else {  /* try making all values floats */
-          lua_Number init; lua_Number limit; lua_Number step;
-          if (unlikely(!tonumber(plimit, &limit)))
-            luaG_forerror(L, plimit, "limit");
-          if (unlikely(!tonumber(pstep, &step)))
-            luaG_forerror(L, pstep, "step");
-          if (unlikely(!tonumber(pinit, &init)))
-            luaG_forerror(L, pinit, "initial value");
-          if (step == 0)
-            luaG_runerror(L, "'for' step is zero");
-          if (luai_numlt(0, step) ? luai_numlt(limit, init)
-                                   : luai_numlt(init, limit))
-            pc += GETARG_Bx(i) + 1;  /* skip the loop */
-          else {
-            /* make sure internal values are all float */
-            setfltvalue(plimit, limit);
-            setfltvalue(pstep, step);
-            setfltvalue(s2v(ra), init);  /* internal index */
-            setfltvalue(s2v(ra + 3), init);  /* control variable */
-          }
-        }
+        if (forprep(L, ra))
+          pc += GETARG_Bx(i) + 1;  /* skip the loop */
         vmbreak;
       }
       vmcase(OP_TFORPREP) {

lvm.h

@@ -33,10 +33,20 @@
 ** integral values)
 */
 #if !defined(LUA_FLOORN2I)
-#define LUA_FLOORN2I		0
+#define LUA_FLOORN2I		F2Ieq
 #endif
 
 
+/*
+** Rounding modes for float->integer coercion
+ */
+typedef enum {
+  F2Ieq,     /* no rounding; accepts only integral values */
+  F2Ifloor,  /* takes the floor of the number */
+  F2Iceil    /* takes the ceil of the number */
+} F2Imod;
+
+
 /* convert an object to a float (including string coercion) */
 #define tonumber(o,n) \
 	(ttisfloat(o) ? (*(n) = fltvalue(o), 1) : luaV_tonumber_(o,n))
@@ -104,9 +114,10 @@ LUAI_FUNC int luaV_equalobj (lua_State *L, const TValue *t1, const TValue *t2);
 LUAI_FUNC int luaV_lessthan (lua_State *L, const TValue *l, const TValue *r);
 LUAI_FUNC int luaV_lessequal (lua_State *L, const TValue *l, const TValue *r);
 LUAI_FUNC int luaV_tonumber_ (const TValue *obj, lua_Number *n);
-LUAI_FUNC int luaV_tointeger (const TValue *obj, lua_Integer *p, int mode);
-LUAI_FUNC int luaV_tointegerns (const TValue *obj, lua_Integer *p, int mode);
-LUAI_FUNC int luaV_flttointeger (lua_Number n, lua_Integer *p, int mode);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaV_tointeger (const TValue *obj, lua_Integer *p, F2Imod mode);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaV_tointegerns (const TValue *obj, lua_Integer *p,
+                                F2Imod mode);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaV_flttointeger (lua_Number n, lua_Integer *p, F2Imod mode);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaV_finishget (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key,
                                StkId val, const TValue *slot);
 LUAI_FUNC void luaV_finishset (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key,

makefile

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
-# makefile for building Lua
-# see INSTALL for installation instructions
-# see ../Makefile and luaconf.h for further customization
+# Developer's makefile for building Lua
+# see luaconf.h for further customization
 
 # == CHANGE THE SETTINGS BELOW TO SUIT YOUR ENVIRONMENT =======================
 

manual/2html

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ by Roberto Ierusalimschy, Luiz Henrique de Figueiredo, Waldemar Celes
 <p>
 <small>
 <a href="http://www.lua.org/copyright.html">Copyright</a>
-&copy; 2019 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.  All rights reserved.
+&copy; 2020 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.  All rights reserved.
 </small>
 <hr>
 

testes/api.lua

@@ -516,9 +516,11 @@ print"+"
 
 do   -- getp/setp
   local a = {}
-  T.testC("rawsetp 2 1", a, 20)
+  local a1 = T.testC("rawsetp 2 1; return 1", a, 20)
+  assert(a == a1)
   assert(a[T.pushuserdata(1)] == 20)
-  assert(T.testC("rawgetp -1 1; return 1", a) == 20)
+  local a1, res = T.testC("rawgetp -1 1; return 2", a)
+  assert(a == a1 and res == 20)
 end
 
 
@@ -803,7 +805,7 @@ F = function (x)
   if A ~= nil then
     assert(type(A) == "userdata")
     assert(T.udataval(A) == B)
-    debug.getmetatable(A)    -- just acess it
+    debug.getmetatable(A)    -- just access it
   end
   A = x   -- ressucita userdata
   B = udval
@@ -1110,7 +1112,7 @@ do
   -- non-closable value
   local a, b = pcall(T.makeCfunc[[
     newtable   # create non-closable object
-    toclose -1 # mark it to be closed (shoud raise an error)
+    toclose -1 # mark it to be closed (should raise an error)
     abort  # will not be executed
   ]])
   assert(a == false and

testes/attrib.lua

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ do
   local path = table.concat(t, ";")
   -- use that path in a search
   local s, err = package.searchpath("xuxu", path)
-  -- search fails; check that message has an occurence of
+  -- search fails; check that message has an occurrence of
   -- '??????????' with ? replaced by xuxu and at least 'max' lines
   assert(not s and
          string.find(err, string.rep("xuxu", 10)) and
@@ -47,6 +47,29 @@ do
   package.path = oldpath
 end
 
+
+do  print"testing 'require' message"
+  local oldpath = package.path
+  local oldcpath = package.cpath
+
+  package.path = "?.lua;?/?"
+  package.cpath = "?.so;?/init"
+
+  local st, msg = pcall(require, 'XXX')
+
+  local expected = [[module 'XXX' not found:
+	no field package.preload['XXX']
+	no file 'XXX.lua'
+	no file 'XXX/XXX'
+	no file 'XXX.so'
+	no file 'XXX/init']]
+
+  assert(msg == expected)
+
+  package.path = oldpath
+  package.cpath = oldcpath
+end
+
 print('+')
 
 

testes/big.lua

@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ assert(repstrings * ssize > 2.0^32)  -- it should be larger than maximum size
 
 local longs = string.rep("\0", ssize)   -- create one long string
 
--- create function to concatentate 'repstrings' copies of its argument
+-- create function to concatenate 'repstrings' copies of its argument
 local rep = assert(load(
   "local a = ...; return " .. string.rep("a", repstrings, "..")))
 

testes/calls.lua

@@ -107,7 +107,9 @@ end
 deep(10)
 deep(180)
 
--- testing tail calls
+
+print"testing tail calls"
+
 function deep (n) if n>0 then return deep(n-1) else return 101 end end
 assert(deep(30000) == 101)
 a = {}
@@ -148,6 +150,27 @@ do   -- tail calls x varargs
   assert(X == 10 and Y == 20 and #A == 1 and A[1] == 30)
 end
 
+
+
+do   -- tail calls x chain of __call
+  local n = 10000   -- depth
+
+  local function foo ()
+    if n == 0 then return 1023
+    else n = n - 1; return foo()
+    end
+  end
+
+  -- build a chain of __call metamethods ending in function 'foo'
+  for i = 1, 100 do
+    foo = setmetatable({}, {__call = foo})
+  end
+
+  -- call the first one as a tail call in a new coroutine
+  -- (to ensure stack is not preallocated)
+  assert(coroutine.wrap(function() return foo() end)() == 1023)
+end
+
 print('+')
 
 
@@ -399,9 +422,9 @@ assert((function (a) return a end)() == nil)
 
 print("testing binary chunks")
 do
-  local header = string.pack("c4BBBc6BBBj",
+  local header = string.pack("c4BBc6BBBj",
     "\27Lua",                                  -- signature
-    (504 >> 7) & 0x7f, (504 & 0x7f) | 0x80,    -- version 5.4 (504)
+    0x54,                                      -- version 5.4 (0x54)
     0,                                         -- format
     "\x19\x93\r\n\x1a\n",                      -- data
     4,                                         -- size of instruction

testes/code.lua

@@ -144,10 +144,10 @@ check(function (a,b,c,d) return a..b..c..d end,
   'MOVE', 'MOVE', 'MOVE', 'MOVE', 'CONCAT', 'RETURN1')
 
 -- not
-check(function () return not not nil end, 'LOADBOOL', 'RETURN1')
-check(function () return not not kFalse end, 'LOADBOOL', 'RETURN1')
-check(function () return not not true end, 'LOADBOOL', 'RETURN1')
-check(function () return not not k3 end, 'LOADBOOL', 'RETURN1')
+check(function () return not not nil end, 'LOADFALSE', 'RETURN1')
+check(function () return not not kFalse end, 'LOADFALSE', 'RETURN1')
+check(function () return not not true end, 'LOADTRUE', 'RETURN1')
+check(function () return not not k3 end, 'LOADTRUE', 'RETURN1')
 
 -- direct access to locals
 check(function ()
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ check(function ()
   local a,b
   a[kTrue] = false
 end,
-  'LOADNIL', 'LOADBOOL', 'SETTABLE', 'RETURN0')
+  'LOADNIL', 'LOADTRUE', 'SETTABLE', 'RETURN0')
 
 
 -- equalities

testes/coroutine.lua

@@ -763,7 +763,7 @@ assert(run(function() return "a" .. "b" .. a .. "c" .. c .. b .. "x" end,
        {"concat", "concat", "concat"}) == "ab10chello12x")
 
 
-do   -- a few more tests for comparsion operators
+do   -- a few more tests for comparison operators
   local mt1 = {
     __le = function (a,b)
       coroutine.yield(10)

testes/cstack.lua

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 local debug = require "debug"
 
 print"testing C-stack overflow detection"
-print"If this test craches, see its file ('cstack.lua')"
+print"If this test crashes, see its file ('cstack.lua')"
 
 -- Segmentation faults in these tests probably result from a C-stack
 -- overflow. To avoid these errors, you can use the function
@@ -19,11 +19,15 @@ print"If this test craches, see its file ('cstack.lua')"
 -- higher than 2_000.
 
 
-local origlimit = debug.setcstacklimit(400)
+-- get and print original limit
+local origlimit <const> = debug.setcstacklimit(400)
 print("default stack limit: " .. origlimit)
 
--- change this value for different limits for this test suite
-local currentlimit = origlimit
+
+-- Do the tests using the original limit. Or else you may want to change
+-- 'currentlimit' to lower values to avoid a seg. fault or to higher
+-- values to check whether they are reliable.
+local currentlimit <const> =  origlimit
 debug.setcstacklimit(currentlimit)
 print("current stack limit: " .. currentlimit)
 
@@ -33,12 +37,14 @@ local function checkerror (msg, f, ...)
   assert(not s and string.find(err, msg))
 end
 
+-- auxiliary function to keep 'count' on the screen even if the program
+-- crashes.
 local count
 local back = string.rep("\b", 8)
 local function progress ()
   count = count + 1
   local n = string.format("%-8d", count)
-  io.stderr:write(back, n)
+  io.stderr:write(back, n)   -- erase previous value and write new one
 end
 
 
@@ -46,7 +52,7 @@ do    print("testing simple recursion:")
   count = 0
   local function foo ()
     progress()
-    foo()
+    foo()   -- do recursive calls until a stack error (or crash)
   end
   checkerror("stack overflow", foo)
   print("\tfinal count: ", count)
@@ -102,12 +108,16 @@ end
 
 do  print("testing changes in C-stack limit")
 
+  -- Just an alternative limit, different from the current one
+  -- (smaller to avoid stack overflows)
+  local alterlimit <const> = currentlimit * 8 // 10
+
   assert(not debug.setcstacklimit(0))        -- limit too small
   assert(not debug.setcstacklimit(50000))    -- limit too large
   local co = coroutine.wrap (function ()
-               return debug.setcstacklimit(400)
+               return debug.setcstacklimit(alterlimit)
              end)
-  assert(co() == false)         -- cannot change C stack inside coroutine
+  assert(not co())         -- cannot change C stack inside coroutine
 
   local n
   local function foo () n = n + 1; foo () end
@@ -118,26 +128,32 @@ do  print("testing changes in C-stack limit")
     return n
   end
 
-  assert(debug.setcstacklimit(400) == currentlimit)
-  local lim400 = check()
-  -- a very low limit (given that the several calls to arive here)
-  local lowlimit = 38
-  assert(debug.setcstacklimit(lowlimit) == 400)
-  assert(check() < lowlimit - 30)
-  assert(debug.setcstacklimit(600) == lowlimit)
-  local lim600 = check()
-  assert(lim600 == lim400 + 200)
+  -- set limit to 'alterlimit'
+  assert(debug.setcstacklimit(alterlimit) == currentlimit)
+  local limalter <const> = check()
+  -- set a very low limit (given that there are already several active
+  -- calls to arrive here)
+  local lowlimit <const> = 38
+  assert(debug.setcstacklimit(lowlimit) == alterlimit)
+  -- usable limit is much lower, due to active calls
+  local actuallow = check()
+  assert(actuallow < lowlimit - 30)
+  -- now, add 'lowlimit' extra slots, which should all be available
+  assert(debug.setcstacklimit(lowlimit + lowlimit) == lowlimit)
+  local lim2 <const> = check()
+  assert(lim2 == actuallow + lowlimit)
 
 
   -- 'setcstacklimit' works inside protected calls. (The new stack
   -- limit is kept when 'pcall' returns.)
   assert(pcall(function ()
-    assert(debug.setcstacklimit(400) == 600)
-    assert(check() <= lim400)
+    assert(debug.setcstacklimit(alterlimit) == lowlimit * 2)
+    assert(check() <= limalter)
   end))
 
-  assert(check() == lim400)
-  assert(debug.setcstacklimit(origlimit) == 400)   -- restore original limit
+  assert(check() == limalter)
+  -- restore original limit
+  assert(debug.setcstacklimit(origlimit) == alterlimit)
 end
 
 

testes/db.lua

@@ -649,6 +649,11 @@ t = debug.getinfo(1)   -- main
 assert(t.isvararg == true and t.nparams == 0 and t.nups == 1 and
        debug.getupvalue(t.func, 1) == "_ENV")
 
+t = debug.getinfo(math.sin)   -- C function
+assert(t.isvararg == true and t.nparams == 0 and t.nups == 0)
+
+t = debug.getinfo(string.gmatch("abc", "a"))   -- C closure
+assert(t.isvararg == true and t.nparams == 0 and t.nups > 0)
 
 
 

testes/events.lua

@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ assert(~a == a); checkcap{"bnot", a, a}
 assert(a << 3 == a); checkcap{"shl", a, 3}
 assert(1.5 >> a == 1.5); checkcap{"shr", 1.5, a}
 
--- for comparsion operators, all results are true
+-- for comparison operators, all results are true
 assert(5.0 > a); checkcap{"lt", a, 5.0}
 assert(a >= 10); checkcap{"le", 10, a}
 assert(a <= -10.0); checkcap{"le", a, -10.0}
@@ -325,6 +325,7 @@ else
   assert(u1 == u3 and u3 == u1 and u1 ~= u2)
   assert(u2 == u1 and u2 == u3 and u3 == u2)
   assert(u2 ~= {})   -- different types cannot be equal
+  assert(rawequal(u1, u1) and not rawequal(u1, u3))
 
   local mirror = {}
   debug.setmetatable(u3, {__index = mirror, __newindex = mirror})

testes/gc.lua

@@ -640,7 +640,7 @@ do
     assert(getmetatable(o) == tt)
     -- create new objects during GC
     local a = 'xuxu'..(10+3)..'joao', {}
-    ___Glob = o  -- ressurect object!
+    ___Glob = o  -- ressurrect object!
     setmetatable({}, tt)  -- creates a new one with same metatable
     print(">>> closing state " .. "<<<\n")
   end

testes/locals.lua

@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ if rawget(_G, "T") then
   local t = T.querytab(a)
 
   for k,_ in pairs(a) do a[k] = undef end
-  collectgarbage()   -- restore GC and collect dead fiels in `a'
+  collectgarbage()   -- restore GC and collect dead fields in 'a'
   for i=0,t-1 do
     local k = querytab(a, i)
     assert(k == nil or type(k) == 'number' or k == 'alo')
@@ -264,6 +264,43 @@ do
 end
 
 
+-- testing to-be-closed x compile-time constants
+-- (there were some bugs here in Lua 5.4-rc3, due to a confusion
+-- between compile levels and stack levels of variables)
+do
+  local flag = false
+  local x = setmetatable({},
+    {__close = function() assert(flag == false); flag = true end})
+  local y <const> = nil
+  local z <const> = nil
+  do
+      local a <close> = x
+  end
+  assert(flag)   -- 'x' must be closed here
+end
+
+do
+  -- similar problem, but with implicit close in for loops
+  local flag = false
+  local x = setmetatable({},
+    {__close = function () assert(flag == false); flag = true end})
+  -- return an empty iterator, nil, nil, and 'x' to be closed
+  local function a ()
+    return (function () return nil end), nil, nil, x
+  end
+  local v <const> = 1
+  local w <const> = 1
+  local x <const> = 1
+  local y <const> = 1
+  local z <const> = 1
+  for k in a() do
+      a = k
+  end    -- ending the loop must close 'x'
+  assert(flag)   -- 'x' must be closed here
+end
+
+
+
 do
   -- calls cannot be tail in the scope of to-be-closed variables
   local X, Y

testes/math.lua

@@ -758,7 +758,7 @@ do    -- testing max/min
   assert(eqT(math.min(maxint, maxint - 1), maxint - 1))
   assert(eqT(math.min(maxint - 2, maxint, maxint - 1), maxint - 2))
 end
--- testing implicit convertions
+-- testing implicit conversions
 
 local a,b = '10', '20'
 assert(a*b == 200 and a+b == 30 and a-b == -10 and a/b == 0.5 and -b == -20)
@@ -960,7 +960,10 @@ do
   aux(-10,0)
   aux(1, 6)
   aux(1, 2)
+  aux(1, 13)
+  aux(1, 31)
   aux(1, 32)
+  aux(1, 33)
   aux(-10, 10)
   aux(-10,-10)   -- unit set
   aux(minint, minint)   -- unit set
@@ -998,6 +1001,7 @@ do
   end
   aux(0, maxint)
   aux(1, maxint)
+  aux(3, maxint // 3)
   aux(minint, -1)
   aux(minint // 2, maxint // 2)
   aux(minint, maxint)

testes/nextvar.lua

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ end
 
 -- testing constructor sizes
 local sizes = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 15, 16, 17,
-  30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 500, 1000}
+  30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 254, 255, 256, 500, 1000}
 
 for _, sa in ipairs(sizes) do    -- 'sa' is size of the array part
   local arr = {"return {"}

testes/strings.lua

@@ -158,25 +158,38 @@ do  -- tests for '%p' format
   -- not much to test, as C does not specify what '%p' does.
   -- ("The value of the pointer is converted to a sequence of printing
   -- characters, in an implementation-defined manner.")
-  local null = string.format("%p", nil)
-  assert(string.format("%p", {}) ~= null)
+  local null = "(null)"    -- nulls are formatted by Lua
   assert(string.format("%p", 4) == null)
+  assert(string.format("%p", true) == null)
+  assert(string.format("%p", nil) == null)
+  assert(string.format("%p", {}) ~= null)
   assert(string.format("%p", print) ~= null)
   assert(string.format("%p", coroutine.running()) ~= null)
+  assert(string.format("%p", io.stdin) ~= null)
+  assert(string.format("%p", io.stdin) == string.format("%p", io.stdin))
+  assert(string.format("%p", print) == string.format("%p", print))
+  assert(string.format("%p", print) ~= string.format("%p", assert))
+
+  assert(#string.format("%90p", {}) == 90)
+  assert(#string.format("%-60p", {}) == 60)
+  assert(string.format("%10p", false) == string.rep(" ", 10 - #null) .. null)
+  assert(string.format("%-12p", 1.5) == null .. string.rep(" ", 12 - #null))
+
   do
     local t1 = {}; local t2 = {}
     assert(string.format("%p", t1) ~= string.format("%p", t2))
   end
-  do     -- short strings
+
+  do     -- short strings are internalized
     local s1 = string.rep("a", 10)
-    local s2 = string.rep("a", 10)
+    local s2 = string.rep("aa", 5)
   assert(string.format("%p", s1) == string.format("%p", s2))
   end
-  do     -- long strings
+
+  do     -- long strings aren't internalized
     local s1 = string.rep("a", 300); local s2 = string.rep("a", 300)
     assert(string.format("%p", s1) ~= string.format("%p", s2))
   end
-  assert(#string.format("%90p", {}) == 90)
 end
 
 x = '"ílo"\n\\'
@@ -309,8 +322,8 @@ do print("testing 'format %a %A'")
     matchhexa(n)
   end
 
-  assert(string.find(string.format("%A", 0.0), "^0X0%.?0?P%+?0$"))
-  assert(string.find(string.format("%a", -0.0), "^%-0x0%.?0?p%+?0$"))
+  assert(string.find(string.format("%A", 0.0), "^0X0%.?0*P%+?0$"))
+  assert(string.find(string.format("%a", -0.0), "^%-0x0%.?0*p%+?0$"))
 
   if not _port then   -- test inf, -inf, NaN, and -0.0
     assert(string.find(string.format("%a", 1/0), "^inf"))

testes/utf8.lua

@@ -115,17 +115,17 @@ do
 end
 
 -- error in initial position for offset
-checkerror("position out of range", utf8.offset, "abc", 1, 5)
-checkerror("position out of range", utf8.offset, "abc", 1, -4)
-checkerror("position out of range", utf8.offset, "", 1, 2)
-checkerror("position out of range", utf8.offset, "", 1, -1)
+checkerror("position out of bounds", utf8.offset, "abc", 1, 5)
+checkerror("position out of bounds", utf8.offset, "abc", 1, -4)
+checkerror("position out of bounds", utf8.offset, "", 1, 2)
+checkerror("position out of bounds", utf8.offset, "", 1, -1)
 checkerror("continuation byte", utf8.offset, "𦧺", 1, 2)
 checkerror("continuation byte", utf8.offset, "𦧺", 1, 2)
 checkerror("continuation byte", utf8.offset, "\x80", 1)
 
 -- error in indices for len
-checkerror("out of string", utf8.len, "abc", 0, 2)
-checkerror("out of string", utf8.len, "abc", 1, 4)
+checkerror("out of bounds", utf8.len, "abc", 0, 2)
+checkerror("out of bounds", utf8.len, "abc", 1, 4)
 
 
 local s = "hello World"
@@ -140,11 +140,11 @@ do
   local t = {utf8.codepoint(s,1,#s - 1)}
   assert(#t == 3 and t[1] == 225 and t[2] == 233 and t[3] == 237)
   checkerror("invalid UTF%-8 code", utf8.codepoint, s, 1, #s)
-  checkerror("out of range", utf8.codepoint, s, #s + 1)
+  checkerror("out of bounds", utf8.codepoint, s, #s + 1)
   t = {utf8.codepoint(s, 4, 3)}
   assert(#t == 0)
-  checkerror("out of range", utf8.codepoint, s, -(#s + 1), 1)
-  checkerror("out of range", utf8.codepoint, s, 1, #s + 1)
+  checkerror("out of bounds", utf8.codepoint, s, -(#s + 1), 1)
+  checkerror("out of bounds", utf8.codepoint, s, 1, #s + 1)
   -- surrogates
   assert(utf8.codepoint("\u{D7FF}") == 0xD800 - 1)
   assert(utf8.codepoint("\u{E000}") == 0xDFFF + 1)