continuing to test splitting combined samplers

Use this to test:

./build.sh -W debug matc tint spirv-opt spirv_test && \
    ./out/cmake-debug/tools/matc/matc -R -a vulkan -o out.cmat ./filament/src/materials/dof/dof.mat && \
    glslc dof_0x00.frag -o dof_0x00.spv && \
    ./out/cmake-debug/third_party/spirv-tools/tools/spirv-opt --split-combined-image-sampler dof_0x00.spv -o split.spv && \
    ./out/cmake-debug/samples/spirv_test split.spv offset.spv && \
    ./out/cmake-debug/third_party/dawn/tint --format wgsl offset.spv > out.wgsl

.dir-locals.el

@@ -1,15 +1,7 @@
 ;;; Directory Local Variables            -*- no-byte-compile: t -*-
 ;;; For more information see (info "(emacs) Directory Variables")
 
-((c++-mode . ((eval . (progn
-                        (make-local-variable 'eglot-ignored-server-capabilities)
-                        (add-to-list 'eglot-ignored-server-capabilities
-                                     :documentOnTypeFormattingProvider)))
-              (c-file-style . "filament")
+((c++-mode . ((c-file-style . "filament")
               (apheleia-inhibit . t)))
- (c-mode . ((eval . (progn
-                      (make-local-variable 'eglot-ignored-server-capabilities)
-                      (add-to-list 'eglot-ignored-server-capabilities
-                                   :documentOnTypeFormattingProvider)))
-            (c-file-style . "filament")
+ (c-mode . ((c-file-style . "filament")
             (apheleia-inhibit . t))))

.editorconfig

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ end_of_line = lf
 insert_final_newline = true
 charset = utf-8
 
-[*.{c,cpp,h,inc,kt,java,js,md,fs,vs}]
+[*.{c,cpp,h,inc,kt,java,js,md}]
 indent_style = space
 indent_size = 4
 max_line_length = 100

.github/workflows/presubmit.yml

@@ -92,14 +92,15 @@ jobs:
 
   test-renderdiff:
     name: test-renderdiff
-    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04-16core
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04-4core
 
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.6
       - uses: ./.github/actions/ubuntu-apt-add-src
       - name: Run script
         run: |
-          source ./build/linux/ci-common.sh && bash test/renderdiff/test.sh
+          echo "Disabled renderdiff due to Mesa -> Currently planned outage: 2025-03-16 -> 2025-03-22"
+#          source ./build/linux/ci-common.sh && bash test/renderdiff/test.sh
       - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
           name: presubmit-renderdiff-result
@@ -107,11 +108,11 @@ jobs:
 
   validate-wgsl-pipeline:
     name: validate-wgsl-pipeline
-    runs-on: macos-14-xlarge
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04-4core
 
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4.1.6
       - name: Run build script
-        run: ./build.sh -W debug test_filamat
+        run: source ./build/linux/ci-common.sh && ./build.sh -W debug test_filamat
       - name: Run test
         run: ./out/cmake-debug/libs/filamat/test_filamat --gtest_filter=MaterialCompiler.Wgsl*

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -601,6 +601,14 @@ if (FILAMENT_SUPPORTS_METAL)
     set(MATC_API_FLAGS ${MATC_API_FLAGS} -a metal)
 endif()
 
+# With WebGPU, push constants are not supported. Skinning uses them.
+# WebGPU has a proposal to add push constants at https://github.com/gpuweb/gpuweb/blob/main/proposals/push-constants.md
+# With WebGPU, Tint does not support ClipDistance which is used in Stereo.  Mentioned in comment
+# https://github.com/google/dawn/blob/855d17b08abdf02f9142bf5a8f14d0ea088810a4/src/tint/lang/spirv/reader/ast_parser/function.cc#L4434
+if (FILAMENT_SUPPORTS_WEBGPU)
+    set(MATC_API_FLAGS ${MATC_API_FLAGS} -a webgpu --variant-filter=skinning,stereo)
+endif()
+
 # Disable ESSL 1.0 code generation.
 if (NOT FILAMENT_ENABLE_FEATURE_LEVEL_0)
     set(MATC_API_FLAGS ${MATC_API_FLAGS} -1)

android/filamat-android/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -12,12 +12,12 @@ if (FILAMENT_SUPPORTS_VULKAN)
 endif()
 
 if (FILAMENT_SUPPORTS_WEBGPU)
-    add_library(webgpu_dawn STATIC IMPORTED)
-    set_target_properties(webgpu_dawn PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION
-            ${FILAMENT_DIR}/lib/${ANDROID_ABI}/libwebgpu_dawn.a)
+    # See third_party/dawn/tnt/CMakeLists.txt and libs/filamat/CMakeLists.txt
+    add_library(tint STATIC IMPORTED)
+    set_target_properties(tint PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION
+            ${FILAMENT_DIR}/lib/${ANDROID_ABI}/libtint_combined.a)
 endif()
 
-
 add_library(${FILAMAT_FLAVOR} STATIC IMPORTED)
 set_target_properties(${FILAMAT_FLAVOR} PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION
         ${FILAMENT_DIR}/lib/${ANDROID_ABI}/lib${FILAMAT_FLAVOR}.a)
@@ -57,5 +57,5 @@ target_link_libraries(filamat-jni
         utils
         log
         smol-v
-        $<$<STREQUAL:${FILAMENT_SUPPORTS_WEBGPU},ON>:webgpu_dawn> # for tint
+        $<$<STREQUAL:${FILAMENT_SUPPORTS_WEBGPU},ON>:tint>
 )

android/filament-android/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -29,10 +29,6 @@ add_library(filaflat STATIC IMPORTED)
 set_target_properties(filaflat PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION
         ${FILAMENT_DIR}/lib/${ANDROID_ABI}/libfilaflat.a)
 
-add_library(filamat STATIC IMPORTED)
-set_target_properties(filamat PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION
-        ${FILAMENT_DIR}/lib/${ANDROID_ABI}/libfilamat.a)
-
 add_library(geometry STATIC IMPORTED)
 set_target_properties(geometry PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION
         ${FILAMENT_DIR}/lib/${ANDROID_ABI}/libgeometry.a)
@@ -59,11 +55,11 @@ add_library(smol-v STATIC IMPORTED)
 set_target_properties(smol-v PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION
         ${FILAMENT_DIR}/lib/${ANDROID_ABI}/libsmol-v.a)
 
- if (FILAMENT_ENABLE_FGVIEWER)
-     add_library(fgviewer STATIC IMPORTED)
-     set_target_properties(fgviewer PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION
-             ${FILAMENT_DIR}/lib/${ANDROID_ABI}/libfgviewer.a)
- endif()
+if (FILAMENT_ENABLE_FGVIEWER)
+    add_library(fgviewer STATIC IMPORTED)
+    set_target_properties(fgviewer PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION
+            ${FILAMENT_DIR}/lib/${ANDROID_ABI}/libfgviewer.a)
+endif()
 
 if (FILAMENT_ENABLE_MATDBG)
     add_library(matdbg STATIC IMPORTED)

android/filament-android/src/main/cpp/Texture.cpp

@@ -68,6 +68,21 @@ Java_com_google_android_filament_Texture_nIsTextureSwizzleSupported(JNIEnv*, jcl
     return (jboolean) Texture::isTextureSwizzleSupported(*engine);
 }
 
+
+extern "C" JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
+Java_com_google_android_filament_Texture_nGetMaxTextureSize(JNIEnv *, jclass,
+        jlong nativeEngine, jint sampler) {
+    Engine *engine = (Engine *) nativeEngine;
+    return Texture::getMaxTextureSize(*engine, (Texture::Sampler)sampler);
+}
+
+extern "C" JNIEXPORT jint JNICALL
+Java_com_google_android_filament_Texture_nGetMaxArrayTextureLayers(JNIEnv *, jclass,
+        jlong nativeEngine) {
+    Engine *engine = (Engine *) nativeEngine;
+    return Texture::getMaxArrayTextureLayers(*engine);
+}
+
 extern "C" JNIEXPORT jboolean JNICALL
 Java_com_google_android_filament_Texture_nValidatePixelFormatAndType(JNIEnv*, jclass,
         jint internalFormat, jint pixelDataFormat, jint pixelDataType) {

android/filament-android/src/main/java/com/google/android/filament/Texture.java

@@ -691,6 +691,24 @@ public class Texture {
                 pixelDataType.ordinal());
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @param engine {@link Engine}
+     * @param type Texture sampler type
+     * @return The maximum size in texels of a texture of type \p type. At least 2048 for
+     *         2D textures, 256 for 3D textures
+     */
+    public static int getMaxTextureSize(@NonNull Engine engine, Sampler type) {
+        return nGetMaxTextureSize(engine.getNativeObject(), type.ordinal());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param engine {@link Engine}
+     * @return The maximum number of layers supported by texture arrays. At least 256.
+     */
+    public static int getMaxArrayTextureLayers(@NonNull Engine engine) {
+        return nGetMaxArrayTextureLayers(engine.getNativeObject());
+    }
+
     /**
      * Use <code>Builder</code> to construct a <code>Texture</code> object instance.
      */
@@ -1289,6 +1307,8 @@ public class Texture {
     private static native boolean nIsTextureFormatSupported(long nativeEngine, int internalFormat);
     private static native boolean nIsTextureFormatMipmappable(long nativeEngine, int internalFormat);
     private static native boolean nIsTextureSwizzleSupported(long nativeEngine);
+    private static native int nGetMaxTextureSize(long nativeObject, int ordinal);
+    private static native int nGetMaxArrayTextureLayers(long nativeObject);
 
     private static native boolean nValidatePixelFormatAndType(int internalFormat, int pixelDataFormat,
             int pixelDataType);

build/linux/ci-common.sh

@@ -30,6 +30,9 @@ if [[ "$GITHUB_WORKFLOW" ]]; then
     sudo apt-get install clang-$GITHUB_CLANG_VERSION libc++-$GITHUB_CLANG_VERSION-dev libc++abi-$GITHUB_CLANG_VERSION-dev
     sudo apt-get install mesa-common-dev libxi-dev libxxf86vm-dev
 
+    # For dawn
+    sudo apt-get install libxrandr-dev libxinerama-dev libxcursor-dev libxi-dev
+
     sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/cc cc /usr/bin/clang-${GITHUB_CLANG_VERSION} 100
     sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/c++ c++ /usr/bin/clang++-${GITHUB_CLANG_VERSION} 100
 fi

filament/backend/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -242,11 +242,31 @@ endif()
 
 if (FILAMENT_SUPPORTS_WEBGPU)
     list(APPEND SRCS
+            include/backend/platforms/WebGPUPlatform.h
+            src/webgpu/platform/WebGPUPlatform.cpp
+            src/webgpu/WebGPUConstants.h
             src/webgpu/WebGPUDriver.cpp
             src/webgpu/WebGPUDriver.h
-            src/webgpu/WebGPUPlatform.cpp
-            src/webgpu/WebGPUPlatform.h
     )
+    if (WIN32)
+        list(APPEND SRCS src/webgpu/platform/WebGPUPlatformWindows.cpp)
+    elseif (LINUX)
+        list(APPEND SRCS src/webgpu/platform/WebGPUPlatformLinux.cpp)
+    elseif (APPLE OR IOS)
+        list(APPEND SRCS src/webgpu/platform/WebGPUPlatformApple.mm)
+    elseif (ANDROID)
+        list(APPEND SRCS src/webgpu/platform/WebGPUPlatformAndroid.cpp)
+    endif()
+
+    if (TNT_DEV)
+        set(FILAMENT_WEBGPU_IMMEDIATE_ERROR_HANDLING_DEFAULT ON)
+    else()
+        set(FILAMENT_WEBGPU_IMMEDIATE_ERROR_HANDLING_DEFAULT OFF)
+    endif()
+
+    option(FILAMENT_WEBGPU_IMMEDIATE_ERROR_HANDLING
+            "Enable immediate_error_handling for the WebGPU backend Dawn implementation"
+            ${FILAMENT_WEBGPU_IMMEDIATE_ERROR_HANDLING_DEFAULT})
 endif()
 
 if (ANDROID)
@@ -433,6 +453,10 @@ if (FILAMENT_SUPPORTS_METAL)
     target_compile_definitions(${TARGET} PRIVATE $<$<BOOL:${FILAMENT_METAL_PROFILING}>:FILAMENT_METAL_PROFILING>)
 endif()
 
+if (FILAMENT_SUPPORTS_WEBGPU)
+    target_compile_definitions(${TARGET} PRIVATE $<$<BOOL:${FILAMENT_WEBGPU_IMMEDIATE_ERROR_HANDLING}>:FILAMENT_WEBGPU_IMMEDIATE_ERROR_HANDLING>)
+endif()
+
 target_link_libraries(${TARGET} PRIVATE
         ${OSMESA_LINKER_FLAGS}
         $<$<AND:$<PLATFORM_ID:Linux>,$<CONFIG:Release>>:${LINUX_LINKER_OPTIMIZATION_FLAGS}>

filament/backend/include/backend/DriverEnums.h

@@ -126,6 +126,10 @@ static_assert(MAX_VERTEX_BUFFER_COUNT <= MAX_VERTEX_ATTRIBUTE_COUNT,
 static constexpr size_t CONFIG_UNIFORM_BINDING_COUNT = 9;   // This is guaranteed by OpenGL ES.
 static constexpr size_t CONFIG_SAMPLER_BINDING_COUNT = 4;   // This is guaranteed by OpenGL ES.
 
+static constexpr uint8_t EXTERNAL_SAMPLER_DATA_INDEX_UNUSED =
+        uint8_t(-1);// Case where the descriptor set binding isnt using any external sampler state
+                     // and therefore doesn't have a valid entry.
+
 /**
  * Defines the backend's feature levels.
  */
@@ -252,21 +256,19 @@ struct DescriptorSetLayoutBinding {
     DescriptorFlags flags = DescriptorFlags::NONE;
     uint16_t count = 0;
 
+    uint8_t externalSamplerDataIndex = EXTERNAL_SAMPLER_DATA_INDEX_UNUSED;
+
     friend inline bool operator==(
             DescriptorSetLayoutBinding const& lhs,
             DescriptorSetLayoutBinding const& rhs) noexcept {
         return lhs.type == rhs.type &&
                lhs.flags == rhs.flags &&
                lhs.count == rhs.count &&
-               lhs.stageFlags == rhs.stageFlags;
+               lhs.stageFlags == rhs.stageFlags &&
+               lhs.externalSamplerDataIndex == rhs.externalSamplerDataIndex;
     }
 };
 
-struct DescriptorSetLayout {
-    utils::FixedCapacityVector<DescriptorSetLayoutBinding> bindings;
-};
-
-
 /**
  * Bitmask for selecting render buffers
  */
@@ -968,8 +970,28 @@ enum class SamplerCompareFunc : uint8_t {
     N           //!< Never. The depth / stencil test always fails.
 };
 
+//! this API is copied from (and only applies to) the Vulkan spec.
+//! These specify YUV to RGB conversions.
+enum class SamplerYcbcrModelConversion : uint8_t {
+    RGB_IDENTITY = 0,
+    YCBCR_IDENTITY = 1,
+    YCBCR_709 = 2,
+    YCBCR_601 = 3,
+    YCBCR_2020 = 4,
+};
+
+enum class SamplerYcbcrRange : uint8_t {
+    ITU_FULL = 0,
+    ITU_NARROW = 1,
+};
+
+enum class ChromaLocation : uint8_t {
+    COSITED_EVEN = 0,
+    MIDPOINT = 1,
+};
+
 //! Sampler parameters
-struct SamplerParams { // NOLINT
+struct SamplerParams {             // NOLINT
     SamplerMagFilter filterMag      : 1;    //!< magnification filter (NEAREST)
     SamplerMinFilter filterMin      : 3;    //!< minification filter  (NEAREST)
     SamplerWrapMode wrapS           : 2;    //!< s-coordinate wrap mode (CLAMP_TO_EDGE)
@@ -1024,6 +1046,7 @@ private:
         return SamplerParams::LessThan{}(lhs, rhs);
     }
 };
+
 static_assert(sizeof(SamplerParams) == 4);
 
 // The limitation to 64-bits max comes from how we store a SamplerParams in our JNI code
@@ -1031,6 +1054,93 @@ static_assert(sizeof(SamplerParams) == 4);
 static_assert(sizeof(SamplerParams) <= sizeof(uint64_t),
         "SamplerParams must be no more than 64 bits");
 
+//! Sampler parameters
+struct SamplerYcbcrConversion {// NOLINT
+    SamplerYcbcrModelConversion ycbcrModel : 4;
+    TextureSwizzle r : 4;
+    TextureSwizzle g : 4;
+    TextureSwizzle b : 4;
+    TextureSwizzle a : 4;
+    SamplerYcbcrRange ycbcrRange : 1;
+    ChromaLocation xChromaOffset : 1;
+    ChromaLocation yChromaOffset : 1;
+    SamplerMagFilter chromaFilter : 1;
+    uint8_t padding;
+
+    struct Hasher {
+        size_t operator()(const SamplerYcbcrConversion p) const noexcept {
+            // we don't use std::hash<> here, so we don't have to include <functional>
+            return *reinterpret_cast<uint32_t const*>(reinterpret_cast<char const*>(&p));
+        }
+    };
+
+    struct EqualTo {
+        bool operator()(SamplerYcbcrConversion lhs, SamplerYcbcrConversion rhs) const noexcept {
+            assert_invariant(lhs.padding == 0);
+            auto* pLhs = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t const*>(reinterpret_cast<char const*>(&lhs));
+            auto* pRhs = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t const*>(reinterpret_cast<char const*>(&rhs));
+            return *pLhs == *pRhs;
+        }
+    };
+
+    struct LessThan {
+        bool operator()(SamplerYcbcrConversion lhs, SamplerYcbcrConversion rhs) const noexcept {
+            assert_invariant(lhs.padding == 0);
+            auto* pLhs = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t const*>(reinterpret_cast<char const*>(&lhs));
+            auto* pRhs = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t const*>(reinterpret_cast<char const*>(&rhs));
+            return *pLhs < *pRhs;
+        }
+    };
+
+private:
+    friend inline bool operator == (SamplerYcbcrConversion lhs, SamplerYcbcrConversion rhs)
+            noexcept {
+        return SamplerYcbcrConversion::EqualTo{}(lhs, rhs);
+    }
+    friend inline bool operator != (SamplerYcbcrConversion lhs, SamplerYcbcrConversion rhs)
+            noexcept {
+        return  !SamplerYcbcrConversion::EqualTo{}(lhs, rhs);
+    }
+    friend inline bool operator < (SamplerYcbcrConversion lhs, SamplerYcbcrConversion rhs)
+            noexcept {
+        return SamplerYcbcrConversion::LessThan{}(lhs, rhs);
+    }
+};
+
+static_assert(sizeof(SamplerYcbcrConversion) == 4);
+
+static_assert(sizeof(SamplerYcbcrConversion) <= sizeof(uint64_t),
+        "SamplerYcbcrConversion must be no more than 64 bits");
+
+struct ExternalSamplerDatum {
+    ExternalSamplerDatum(SamplerYcbcrConversion ycbcr, SamplerParams spm, uint32_t extFmt)
+        : YcbcrConversion(ycbcr),
+          samplerParams(spm),
+          externalFormat(extFmt) {}
+    bool operator==(ExternalSamplerDatum const& rhs) const {
+        return (YcbcrConversion == rhs.YcbcrConversion && samplerParams == rhs.samplerParams &&
+                externalFormat == rhs.externalFormat);
+    }
+    struct EqualTo {
+        bool operator()(const ExternalSamplerDatum& lhs,
+                const ExternalSamplerDatum& rhs) const noexcept {
+            return (lhs.YcbcrConversion == rhs.YcbcrConversion &&
+                lhs.samplerParams == rhs.samplerParams &&
+                lhs.externalFormat == rhs.externalFormat);
+        }
+    };
+    SamplerYcbcrConversion YcbcrConversion;
+    SamplerParams samplerParams;
+    uint32_t externalFormat;
+};
+// No implicit padding allowed due to it being a hash key.
+static_assert(sizeof(ExternalSamplerDatum) == 12);
+
+struct DescriptorSetLayout {
+    utils::FixedCapacityVector<DescriptorSetLayoutBinding> bindings;
+    utils::FixedCapacityVector<ExternalSamplerDatum> externalSamplerData;
+};
+
 //! blending equation function
 enum class BlendEquation : uint8_t {
     ADD,                    //!< the fragment is added to the color buffer

filament/backend/include/backend/platforms/VulkanPlatform.h

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #define TNT_FILAMENT_BACKEND_PLATFORMS_VULKANPLATFORM_H
 
 #include <backend/Platform.h>
+#include <backend/DriverEnums.h>
 
 #include <bluevk/BlueVK.h>
 
@@ -317,6 +318,11 @@ public:
          */
         uint32_t layers;
 
+        /**
+         * The numbers of samples per texel
+         */
+        VkSampleCountFlagBits samples;
+
         /**
          * The format of the external image
          */
@@ -351,7 +357,16 @@ public:
 
     using ImageData = std::pair<VkImage, VkDeviceMemory>;
     virtual ImageData createExternalImageData(ExternalImageHandleRef externalImage,
-            const ExternalImageMetadata& metadata);
+            const ExternalImageMetadata& metadata, uint32_t memoryTypeIndex,
+            VkImageUsageFlags usage);
+
+    virtual VkSampler createExternalSampler(SamplerYcbcrConversion chroma,
+            SamplerParams sampler,
+            uint32_t internalFormat);
+
+    virtual VkImageView createExternalImageView(SamplerYcbcrConversion chroma,
+            uint32_t internalFormat, VkImage image, VkImageSubresourceRange range,
+            VkImageViewType viewType, VkComponentMapping swizzle);
 
 private:
     static ExtensionSet getSwapchainInstanceExtensions();
@@ -360,7 +375,15 @@ private:
             VkDevice device);
 
     static ImageData createExternalImageDataImpl(ExternalImageHandleRef externalImage,
-            VkDevice device, const ExternalImageMetadata& metadata);
+            VkDevice device, const ExternalImageMetadata& metadata, uint32_t memoryTypeIndex,
+            VkImageUsageFlags usage);
+    static VkSampler createExternalSamplerImpl(VkDevice device,
+            SamplerYcbcrConversion chroma, SamplerParams sampler,
+            uint32_t internalFormat);
+    static VkImageView createExternalImageViewImpl(VkDevice device,
+            SamplerYcbcrConversion chroma, uint32_t internalFormat, VkImage image,
+            VkImageSubresourceRange range, VkImageViewType viewType,
+            VkComponentMapping swizzle);
 
     // Platform dependent helper methods
     using SurfaceBundle = std::tuple<VkSurfaceKHR, VkExtent2D>;

filament/backend/include/backend/platforms/WebGPUPlatform.h

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2025 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef TNT_FILAMENT_BACKEND_PLATFORMS_WEBGPUPLATFORM_H
+#define TNT_FILAMENT_BACKEND_PLATFORMS_WEBGPUPLATFORM_H
+
+#include <backend/Platform.h>
+
+#include <webgpu/webgpu_cpp.h>
+
+#include <cstdint>
+
+namespace filament::backend {
+
+/**
+ * A Platform interface, handling the environment-specific concerns, e.g. OS, for creating a WebGPU
+ * driver (backend).
+ */
+class WebGPUPlatform final : public Platform {
+public:
+    WebGPUPlatform();
+    ~WebGPUPlatform() override = default;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] int getOSVersion() const noexcept final { return 0; }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] wgpu::Instance& getInstance() noexcept { return mInstance; }
+
+    // either returns a valid surface or panics
+    [[nodiscard]] wgpu::Surface createSurface(void* nativeWindow, uint64_t flags);
+    // either returns a valid adapter or panics
+    [[nodiscard]] wgpu::Adapter requestAdapter(wgpu::Surface const& surface);
+    // either returns a valid device or panics
+    [[nodiscard]] wgpu::Device requestDevice(wgpu::Adapter const& adapter);
+
+protected:
+    [[nodiscard]] Driver* createDriver(void* sharedContext,
+            const Platform::DriverConfig& driverConfig) noexcept override;
+
+private:
+    // we may consider having the driver own this in the future
+    wgpu::Instance mInstance;
+};
+
+}// namespace filament::backend
+
+#endif// TNT_FILAMENT_BACKEND_PLATFORMS_WEBGPUPLATFORM_H

filament/backend/include/private/backend/DriverAPI.inc

@@ -362,6 +362,8 @@ DECL_DRIVER_API_SYNCHRONOUS_0(bool, isProtectedTexturesSupported)
 DECL_DRIVER_API_SYNCHRONOUS_0(bool, isDepthClampSupported)
 DECL_DRIVER_API_SYNCHRONOUS_0(uint8_t, getMaxDrawBuffers)
 DECL_DRIVER_API_SYNCHRONOUS_0(size_t, getMaxUniformBufferSize)
+DECL_DRIVER_API_SYNCHRONOUS_N(size_t, getMaxTextureSize, backend::SamplerType, target)
+DECL_DRIVER_API_SYNCHRONOUS_0(size_t, getMaxArrayTextureLayers)
 DECL_DRIVER_API_SYNCHRONOUS_0(math::float2, getClipSpaceParams)
 DECL_DRIVER_API_SYNCHRONOUS_N(void, setupExternalImage2, backend::Platform::ExternalImageHandleRef, image)
 DECL_DRIVER_API_SYNCHRONOUS_N(void, setupExternalImage, void*, image)

filament/backend/src/PlatformFactory.cpp

@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ filament::backend::Platform* createDefaultMetalPlatform();
 
 #include "noop/PlatformNoop.h"
 #if defined(FILAMENT_SUPPORTS_WEBGPU)
-    #include "webgpu/WebGPUPlatform.h"
+    #include "backend/platforms/WebGPUPlatform.h"
 #endif
 
 namespace filament::backend {

filament/backend/src/metal/MetalDriver.mm

@@ -1177,6 +1177,16 @@ size_t MetalDriver::getMaxUniformBufferSize() {
     return 256 * 1024 * 1024;   // TODO: return the actual size instead of hardcoding the minspec
 }
 
+size_t MetalDriver::getMaxTextureSize(SamplerType) {
+    // TODO: return the actual size instead of hardcoding the minspec
+    return 2048;
+}
+
+size_t MetalDriver::getMaxArrayTextureLayers() {
+    // TODO: return the actual size instead of hardcoding the minspec
+    return 256;
+}
+
 void MetalDriver::updateIndexBuffer(Handle<HwIndexBuffer> ibh, BufferDescriptor&& data,
         uint32_t byteOffset) {
     FILAMENT_CHECK_PRECONDITION(data.buffer)

filament/backend/src/noop/NoopDriver.cpp

@@ -240,6 +240,14 @@ size_t NoopDriver::getMaxUniformBufferSize() {
     return 16384u;
 }
 
+size_t NoopDriver::getMaxTextureSize(SamplerType target) {
+    return 2048u;
+}
+
+size_t NoopDriver::getMaxArrayTextureLayers() {
+    return 256u;
+}
+
 void NoopDriver::updateIndexBuffer(Handle<HwIndexBuffer> ibh, BufferDescriptor&& p,
         uint32_t byteOffset) {
     scheduleDestroy(std::move(p));

filament/backend/src/opengl/OpenGLContext.cpp

@@ -94,18 +94,22 @@ OpenGLContext::OpenGLContext(OpenGLPlatform& platform,
     }
     #endif
 
-    OpenGLContext::initExtensions(&ext, state.major, state.minor);
+    initExtensions(&ext, state.major, state.minor);
 
-    OpenGLContext::initProcs(&procs, ext, state.major, state.minor);
+    initProcs(&procs, ext, state.major, state.minor);
 
-    OpenGLContext::initBugs(&bugs, ext, state.major, state.minor,
+    initBugs(&bugs, ext, state.major, state.minor,
             state.vendor, state.renderer, state.version, state.shader);
 
     glGetIntegerv(GL_MAX_RENDERBUFFER_SIZE,             &gets.max_renderbuffer_size);
     glGetIntegerv(GL_MAX_TEXTURE_IMAGE_UNITS,           &gets.max_texture_image_units);
     glGetIntegerv(GL_MAX_COMBINED_TEXTURE_IMAGE_UNITS,  &gets.max_combined_texture_image_units);
+    glGetIntegerv(GL_MAX_TEXTURE_SIZE,                  &gets.max_texture_size);
+    glGetIntegerv(GL_MAX_CUBE_MAP_TEXTURE_SIZE,         &gets.max_cubemap_texture_size);
+    glGetIntegerv(GL_MAX_3D_TEXTURE_SIZE,               &gets.max_3d_texture_size);
+    glGetIntegerv(GL_MAX_ARRAY_TEXTURE_LAYERS,          &gets.max_array_texture_layers);
 
-    mFeatureLevel = OpenGLContext::resolveFeatureLevel(state.major, state.minor, ext, gets, bugs);
+    mFeatureLevel = resolveFeatureLevel(state.major, state.minor, ext, gets, bugs);
 
 #ifdef BACKEND_OPENGL_VERSION_GLES
     mShaderModel = ShaderModel::MOBILE;
@@ -177,6 +181,14 @@ OpenGLContext::OpenGLContext(OpenGLPlatform& platform,
                     << gets.max_anisotropy << '\n'
             << "GL_MAX_COMBINED_TEXTURE_IMAGE_UNITS = "
                     << gets.max_combined_texture_image_units << '\n'
+            << "GL_MAX_TEXTURE_SIZE = "
+                    << gets.max_texture_size << '\n'
+            << "GL_MAX_CUBE_MAP_TEXTURE_SIZE = "
+                    << gets.max_cubemap_texture_size << '\n'
+            << "GL_MAX_3D_TEXTURE_SIZE = "
+                    << gets.max_3d_texture_size << '\n'
+            << "GL_MAX_ARRAY_TEXTURE_LAYERS = "
+                    << gets.max_array_texture_layers << '\n'
             << "GL_MAX_DRAW_BUFFERS = "
                     << gets.max_draw_buffers << '\n'
             << "GL_MAX_RENDERBUFFER_SIZE = "

filament/backend/src/opengl/OpenGLContext.h

@@ -203,6 +203,10 @@ public:
         GLint max_renderbuffer_size;
         GLint max_samples;
         GLint max_texture_image_units;
+        GLint max_texture_size;
+        GLint max_cubemap_texture_size;
+        GLint max_3d_texture_size;
+        GLint max_array_texture_layers;
         GLint max_transform_feedback_separate_attribs;
         GLint max_uniform_block_size;
         GLint max_uniform_buffer_bindings;

filament/backend/src/opengl/OpenGLDriver.cpp

@@ -2460,6 +2460,26 @@ size_t OpenGLDriver::getMaxUniformBufferSize() {
     return mContext.gets.max_uniform_block_size;
 }
 
+size_t OpenGLDriver::getMaxTextureSize(SamplerType target) {
+    switch (target) {
+        case SamplerType::SAMPLER_2D:
+        case SamplerType::SAMPLER_2D_ARRAY:
+        case SamplerType::SAMPLER_EXTERNAL:
+            return mContext.gets.max_texture_size;
+        case SamplerType::SAMPLER_CUBEMAP:
+            return mContext.gets.max_cubemap_texture_size;
+        case SamplerType::SAMPLER_3D:
+            return mContext.gets.max_3d_texture_size;
+        case SamplerType::SAMPLER_CUBEMAP_ARRAY:
+            return mContext.gets.max_cubemap_texture_size;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+size_t OpenGLDriver::getMaxArrayTextureLayers() {
+    return mContext.gets.max_array_texture_layers;
+}
+
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // Swap chains
 // ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanDriver.cpp

@@ -554,26 +554,43 @@ void VulkanDriver::createTextureViewSwizzleR(Handle<HwTexture> th, Handle<HwText
    texture.inc();
 }
 
-void VulkanDriver::createTextureExternalImage2R(Handle<HwTexture> th,
-        backend::SamplerType target,  backend::TextureFormat format,
-        uint32_t width, uint32_t height, backend::TextureUsage usage,
+void VulkanDriver::createTextureExternalImage2R(Handle<HwTexture> th, backend::SamplerType target,
+        backend::TextureFormat format, uint32_t width, uint32_t height, backend::TextureUsage usage,
         Platform::ExternalImageHandleRef externalImage) {
     FVK_SYSTRACE_SCOPE();
-
     const auto& metadata = mPlatform->getExternalImageMetadata(externalImage);
     if (metadata.isProtected) {
         usage |= backend::TextureUsage::PROTECTED;
     }
 
+    VkImageUsageFlags vkUsage = metadata.usage;
+    if (any(usage & TextureUsage::BLIT_SRC)) {
+        vkUsage |= VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT;
+    }
+
+    if (any(usage & (TextureUsage::BLIT_DST & TextureUsage::UPLOADABLE))) {
+        vkUsage |= VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT;
+    }
+
     assert_invariant(width == metadata.width);
     assert_invariant(height == metadata.height);
     assert_invariant(fvkutils::getVkFormat(format) == metadata.format);
 
-    const auto& data = mPlatform->createExternalImageData(externalImage, metadata);
+    VkMemoryPropertyFlags const requiredMemoryFlags = any(usage & TextureUsage::UPLOADABLE)
+                                                              ? VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT
+                                                              : VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT;
+    uint32_t const memoryTypeIndex =
+            mContext.selectMemoryType(metadata.memoryTypeBits, requiredMemoryFlags);
+    FILAMENT_CHECK_POSTCONDITION(memoryTypeIndex != VK_MAX_MEMORY_TYPES)
+            << "failed to find a valid memory type for external image memory.";
 
-    auto texture = resource_ptr<VulkanTexture>::make(&mResourceManager, th,
-            mPlatform->getDevice(), mAllocator, &mResourceManager, &mCommands, data.first, data.second, metadata.format,
-            1, metadata.width, metadata.height, /*depth=*/1, usage, mStagePool);
+    const auto& data =
+            mPlatform->createExternalImageData(externalImage, metadata, memoryTypeIndex, vkUsage);
+
+    auto texture = resource_ptr<VulkanTexture>::make(&mResourceManager, th, mPlatform->getDevice(),
+            mAllocator, &mResourceManager, &mCommands, data.first, data.second, metadata.format,
+            metadata.samples, metadata.width, metadata.height, metadata.layerCount, usage,
+            mStagePool);
 
     texture.inc();
 }
@@ -1130,6 +1147,16 @@ size_t VulkanDriver::getMaxUniformBufferSize() {
     return 32768;
 }
 
+size_t VulkanDriver::getMaxTextureSize(SamplerType) {
+    // TODO: return the actual size instead of hardcoded value
+    return 2048;
+}
+
+size_t VulkanDriver::getMaxArrayTextureLayers() {
+    // TODO: return the actual size instead of hardcoded value
+    return 256;
+}
+
 void VulkanDriver::setVertexBufferObject(Handle<HwVertexBuffer> vbh, uint32_t index,
         Handle<HwBufferObject> boh) {
     auto vb = resource_ptr<VulkanVertexBuffer>::cast(&mResourceManager, vbh);

filament/backend/src/vulkan/VulkanSamplerCache.cpp

@@ -23,79 +23,6 @@ using namespace bluevk;
 
 namespace filament::backend {
 
-constexpr inline VkSamplerAddressMode getWrapMode(SamplerWrapMode mode) noexcept {
-    switch (mode) {
-        case SamplerWrapMode::REPEAT:
-            return VK_SAMPLER_ADDRESS_MODE_REPEAT;
-        case SamplerWrapMode::CLAMP_TO_EDGE:
-            return VK_SAMPLER_ADDRESS_MODE_CLAMP_TO_EDGE;
-        case SamplerWrapMode::MIRRORED_REPEAT:
-            return VK_SAMPLER_ADDRESS_MODE_MIRRORED_REPEAT;
-    }
-}
-
-constexpr inline VkFilter getFilter(SamplerMinFilter filter) noexcept {
-    switch (filter) {
-        case SamplerMinFilter::NEAREST:
-            return VK_FILTER_NEAREST;
-        case SamplerMinFilter::LINEAR:
-            return VK_FILTER_LINEAR;
-        case SamplerMinFilter::NEAREST_MIPMAP_NEAREST:
-            return VK_FILTER_NEAREST;
-        case SamplerMinFilter::LINEAR_MIPMAP_NEAREST:
-            return VK_FILTER_LINEAR;
-        case SamplerMinFilter::NEAREST_MIPMAP_LINEAR:
-            return VK_FILTER_NEAREST;
-        case SamplerMinFilter::LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR:
-            return VK_FILTER_LINEAR;
-    }
-}
-
-constexpr inline VkFilter getFilter(SamplerMagFilter filter) noexcept {
-    switch (filter) {
-        case SamplerMagFilter::NEAREST:
-            return VK_FILTER_NEAREST;
-        case SamplerMagFilter::LINEAR:
-            return VK_FILTER_LINEAR;
-    }
-}
-
-constexpr inline VkSamplerMipmapMode getMipmapMode(SamplerMinFilter filter) noexcept {
-    switch (filter) {
-        case SamplerMinFilter::NEAREST:
-            return VK_SAMPLER_MIPMAP_MODE_NEAREST;
-        case SamplerMinFilter::LINEAR:
-            return VK_SAMPLER_MIPMAP_MODE_NEAREST;
-        case SamplerMinFilter::NEAREST_MIPMAP_NEAREST:
-            return VK_SAMPLER_MIPMAP_MODE_NEAREST;
-        case SamplerMinFilter::LINEAR_MIPMAP_NEAREST:
-            return VK_SAMPLER_MIPMAP_MODE_NEAREST;
-        case SamplerMinFilter::NEAREST_MIPMAP_LINEAR:
-            return VK_SAMPLER_MIPMAP_MODE_LINEAR;
-        case SamplerMinFilter::LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR:
-            return VK_SAMPLER_MIPMAP_MODE_LINEAR;
-    }
-}
-
-constexpr inline float getMaxLod(SamplerMinFilter filter) noexcept {
-    switch (filter) {
-        case SamplerMinFilter::NEAREST:
-        case SamplerMinFilter::LINEAR:
-            // The Vulkan spec recommends a max LOD of 0.25 to "disable" mipmapping.
-            // See "Mapping of OpenGL to Vulkan filter modes" in the VK Spec.
-            return 0.25f;
-        case SamplerMinFilter::NEAREST_MIPMAP_NEAREST:
-        case SamplerMinFilter::LINEAR_MIPMAP_NEAREST:
-        case SamplerMinFilter::NEAREST_MIPMAP_LINEAR:
-        case SamplerMinFilter::LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR:
-            return VK_LOD_CLAMP_NONE;
-    }
-}
-
-constexpr inline VkBool32 getCompareEnable(SamplerCompareMode mode) noexcept {
-    return mode == SamplerCompareMode::NONE ? VK_FALSE : VK_TRUE;
-}
-
 VulkanSamplerCache::VulkanSamplerCache(VkDevice device)
     : mDevice(device) {}
 
@@ -106,18 +33,18 @@ VkSampler VulkanSamplerCache::getSampler(SamplerParams params) noexcept {
     }
     VkSamplerCreateInfo samplerInfo {
         .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SAMPLER_CREATE_INFO,
-        .magFilter = getFilter(params.filterMag),
-        .minFilter = getFilter(params.filterMin),
-        .mipmapMode = getMipmapMode(params.filterMin),
-        .addressModeU = getWrapMode(params.wrapS),
-        .addressModeV = getWrapMode(params.wrapT),
-        .addressModeW = getWrapMode(params.wrapR),
-        .anisotropyEnable = params.anisotropyLog2 == 0 ? 0u : 1u,
+        .magFilter = fvkutils::getFilter(params.filterMag),
+        .minFilter = fvkutils::getFilter(params.filterMin),
+        .mipmapMode = fvkutils::getMipmapMode(params.filterMin),
+        .addressModeU = fvkutils::getWrapMode(params.wrapS),
+        .addressModeV = fvkutils::getWrapMode(params.wrapT),
+        .addressModeW = fvkutils::getWrapMode(params.wrapR),
+        .anisotropyEnable = params.anisotropyLog2 == 0 ? VK_FALSE : VK_TRUE,
         .maxAnisotropy = (float)(1u << params.anisotropyLog2),
-        .compareEnable = getCompareEnable(params.compareMode),
+        .compareEnable = fvkutils::getCompareEnable(params.compareMode),
         .compareOp = fvkutils::getCompareOp(params.compareFunc),
         .minLod = 0.0f,
-        .maxLod = getMaxLod(params.filterMin),
+        .maxLod = fvkutils::getMaxLod(params.filterMin),
         .borderColor = VK_BORDER_COLOR_INT_OPAQUE_BLACK,
         .unnormalizedCoordinates = VK_FALSE
     };

filament/backend/src/vulkan/platform/VulkanPlatform.cpp

@@ -983,10 +983,23 @@ VulkanPlatform::ExternalImageMetadata VulkanPlatform::getExternalImageMetadata(
 }
 
 VulkanPlatform::ImageData VulkanPlatform::createExternalImageData(
-        ExternalImageHandleRef externalImage, const ExternalImageMetadata& metadata) {
-    return createExternalImageDataImpl(externalImage, mImpl->mDevice, metadata);
+        ExternalImageHandleRef externalImage, const ExternalImageMetadata& metadata,
+        uint32_t memoryTypeIndex, VkImageUsageFlags usage) {
+    return createExternalImageDataImpl(externalImage, mImpl->mDevice, metadata, memoryTypeIndex,
+            usage);
 }
 
+VkSampler VulkanPlatform::createExternalSampler(SamplerYcbcrConversion chroma,
+        SamplerParams sampler, uint32_t internalFormat) {
+    return createExternalSamplerImpl(mImpl->mDevice, chroma, sampler, internalFormat);
+}
+
+VkImageView VulkanPlatform::createExternalImageView(SamplerYcbcrConversion chroma,
+        uint32_t internalFormat, VkImage image, VkImageSubresourceRange range,
+        VkImageViewType viewType, VkComponentMapping swizzle) {
+    return createExternalImageViewImpl(mImpl->mDevice, chroma, internalFormat, image, range,
+            viewType, swizzle);
+}
 #undef SWAPCHAIN_RET_FUNC
 
 }// namespace filament::backend

filament/backend/src/vulkan/platform/VulkanPlatformAndroid.cpp

@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@
 #include "vulkan/VulkanConstants.h"
 
 #include <utils/Panic.h>
+#include "vulkan/utils/Image.h"
+#include "vulkan/utils/Conversion.h"
 
 #include <bluevk/BlueVK.h>
 
@@ -136,7 +138,8 @@ std::pair<VkFormat, VkImageUsageFlags> getVKFormatAndUsage(const AHardwareBuffer
 }
 
 VulkanPlatform::ImageData allocateExternalImage(AHardwareBuffer* buffer, VkDevice device,
-        VulkanPlatform::ExternalImageMetadata const& metadata) {
+        VulkanPlatform::ExternalImageMetadata const& metadata, uint32_t memoryTypeIndex,
+        VkImageUsageFlags usage) {
     VulkanPlatform::ImageData data;
 
     // if external format we need to specifiy it in the allocation
@@ -145,8 +148,8 @@ VulkanPlatform::ImageData allocateExternalImage(AHardwareBuffer* buffer, VkDevic
     const VkExternalFormatANDROID externalFormat = {
         .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_EXTERNAL_FORMAT_ANDROID,
         .pNext = nullptr,
-        .externalFormat = metadata
-                .externalFormat,// pass down the format (external means we don't have it VK defined)
+        // pass down the format (external means we don't have it VK defined)
+        .externalFormat = metadata.externalFormat,
     };
     const VkExternalMemoryImageCreateInfo externalCreateInfo = {
         .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_EXTERNAL_MEMORY_IMAGE_CREATE_INFO,
@@ -165,10 +168,8 @@ VulkanPlatform::ImageData allocateExternalImage(AHardwareBuffer* buffer, VkDevic
     };
     imageInfo.mipLevels = 1;
     imageInfo.arrayLayers = metadata.layers;
-    imageInfo.usage = metadata.usage;
-    // In the unprotected case add R/W capabilities
-    if (metadata.isProtected == false)
-        imageInfo.usage |= VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT;
+    imageInfo.samples = metadata.samples;
+    imageInfo.usage = usage;
 
     VkResult result = vkCreateImage(device, &imageInfo, VKALLOC, &data.first);
     FILAMENT_CHECK_POSTCONDITION(result == VK_SUCCESS)
@@ -186,10 +187,12 @@ VulkanPlatform::ImageData allocateExternalImage(AHardwareBuffer* buffer, VkDevic
         .image = data.first,
         .buffer = VK_NULL_HANDLE,
     };
-    VkMemoryAllocateInfo allocInfo = {.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_ALLOCATE_INFO,
+    VkMemoryAllocateInfo allocInfo = {
+        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_ALLOCATE_INFO,
         .pNext = &memoryDedicatedAllocateInfo,
         .allocationSize = metadata.allocationSize,
-        .memoryTypeIndex = metadata.memoryTypeBits};
+        .memoryTypeIndex = memoryTypeIndex,
+    };
     result = vkAllocateMemory(device, &allocInfo, VKALLOC, &data.second);
     FILAMENT_CHECK_POSTCONDITION(result == VK_SUCCESS)
             << "vkAllocateMemory failed with error=" << static_cast<int32_t>(result);
@@ -242,10 +245,8 @@ VulkanPlatform::ExternalImageMetadata VulkanPlatform::getExternalImageMetadataIm
         std::tie(metadata.format, metadata.usage) =
                 getVKFormatAndUsage(bufferDesc, fvkExternalImage->sRGB);
     }
-    // In the unprotected case add R/W capabilities
-    if (metadata.isProtected == false) {
-        metadata.usage |= VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT;
-    }
+    
+    metadata.samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
 
     VkAndroidHardwareBufferFormatPropertiesANDROID formatInfo = {
         .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_ANDROID_HARDWARE_BUFFER_FORMAT_PROPERTIES_ANDROID,
@@ -272,16 +273,130 @@ VulkanPlatform::ExternalImageMetadata VulkanPlatform::getExternalImageMetadataIm
 
 VulkanPlatform::ImageData VulkanPlatform::createExternalImageDataImpl(
         ExternalImageHandleRef externalImage, VkDevice device,
-        const ExternalImageMetadata& metadata) {
+        const ExternalImageMetadata& metadata, uint32_t memoryTypeIndex, VkImageUsageFlags usage) {
     auto const* fvkExternalImage =
             static_cast<fvkandroid::ExternalImageVulkanAndroid const*>(externalImage.get());
-    ImageData data = allocateExternalImage(fvkExternalImage->aHardwareBuffer, device, metadata);
+    ImageData data = allocateExternalImage(fvkExternalImage->aHardwareBuffer, device, metadata,
+            memoryTypeIndex, usage);
     VkResult result = vkBindImageMemory(device, data.first, data.second, 0);
     FILAMENT_CHECK_POSTCONDITION(result == VK_SUCCESS)
-            << "vkBindImageMemory error=" << static_cast<int32_t>(result);
+        << "vkBindImageMemory error=" << static_cast<int32_t>(result);
     return data;
 }
 
+VkImageView VulkanPlatform::createExternalImageViewImpl(VkDevice device, SamplerYcbcrConversion chroma,
+            uint32_t internalFormat, VkImage image, VkImageSubresourceRange range,
+            VkImageViewType viewType, VkComponentMapping swizzle){
+        VkExternalFormatANDROID externalFormat = {
+        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_EXTERNAL_FORMAT_ANDROID,
+        .pNext = nullptr,
+        .externalFormat = internalFormat,
+    };
+
+    TextureSwizzle const swizzleArray[] = {chroma.r, chroma.g, chroma.b, chroma.a};
+    VkSamplerYcbcrConversionCreateInfo conversionInfo = {
+        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SAMPLER_YCBCR_CONVERSION_CREATE_INFO,
+        .pNext = &externalFormat,
+        .format = VK_FORMAT_UNDEFINED,
+        .ycbcrModel = fvkutils::getYcbcrModelConversion(chroma.ycbcrModel),
+        .ycbcrRange = fvkutils::getYcbcrRange(chroma.ycbcrRange),
+        .components = fvkutils::getSwizzleMap(swizzleArray),
+        .xChromaOffset = fvkutils::getChromaLocation(chroma.xChromaOffset),
+        .yChromaOffset = fvkutils::getChromaLocation(chroma.yChromaOffset),
+        .chromaFilter = fvkutils::getFilter(chroma.chromaFilter),
+    };
+    VkSamplerYcbcrConversion conversion = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
+    VkResult result = vkCreateSamplerYcbcrConversion(device, &conversionInfo,
+                                                     nullptr, &conversion);
+    FILAMENT_CHECK_POSTCONDITION(result == VK_SUCCESS)
+        << "Unable to create Ycbcr Conversion."
+        << " error=" << static_cast<int32_t>(result);
+
+    VkSamplerYcbcrConversionInfo samplerYcbcrConversionInfo = {
+        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SAMPLER_YCBCR_CONVERSION_INFO,
+        .pNext = nullptr,
+        .conversion = conversion,
+    };
+
+    VkImageViewCreateInfo viewInfo = {
+        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_VIEW_CREATE_INFO,
+        .pNext = &samplerYcbcrConversionInfo,
+        .flags = 0,
+        .image = image,
+        .viewType = viewType,
+        .format = VK_FORMAT_UNDEFINED,
+        .components = swizzle,
+        .subresourceRange = range,
+    };
+    VkImageView imageView;
+    result = vkCreateImageView(device, &viewInfo, VKALLOC, &imageView);
+    FILAMENT_CHECK_POSTCONDITION(result == VK_SUCCESS)
+        << "Unable to create VkImageView."
+        << " error=" << static_cast<int32_t>(result);
+
+    return imageView;
+}
+
+VkSampler VulkanPlatform::createExternalSamplerImpl(
+        VkDevice device, SamplerYcbcrConversion chroma, SamplerParams params,
+        uint32_t internalFormat) {
+    VkExternalFormatANDROID externalFormat = {
+        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_EXTERNAL_FORMAT_ANDROID,
+        .pNext = nullptr,
+        .externalFormat = internalFormat,
+    };
+
+    TextureSwizzle const swizzleArray[] = {chroma.r, chroma.g, chroma.b, chroma.a};
+    VkSamplerYcbcrConversionCreateInfo conversionInfo = {
+        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SAMPLER_YCBCR_CONVERSION_CREATE_INFO,
+        .pNext = &externalFormat,
+        .format = VK_FORMAT_UNDEFINED,
+        .ycbcrModel = fvkutils::getYcbcrModelConversion(chroma.ycbcrModel),
+        .ycbcrRange = fvkutils::getYcbcrRange(chroma.ycbcrRange),
+        .components = fvkutils::getSwizzleMap(swizzleArray),
+        .xChromaOffset = fvkutils::getChromaLocation(chroma.xChromaOffset),
+        .yChromaOffset = fvkutils::getChromaLocation(chroma.yChromaOffset),
+        .chromaFilter = fvkutils::getFilter(chroma.chromaFilter),
+    };
+    VkSamplerYcbcrConversion conversion = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
+    VkResult result = vkCreateSamplerYcbcrConversion(device, &conversionInfo,
+                                                     nullptr, &conversion);
+    FILAMENT_CHECK_POSTCONDITION(result == VK_SUCCESS)
+        << "Unable to create Ycbcr Conversion."
+        << " error=" << static_cast<int32_t>(result);
+
+    VkSamplerYcbcrConversionInfo samplerYcbcrConversionInfo = {
+        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SAMPLER_YCBCR_CONVERSION_INFO,
+        .pNext = nullptr,
+        .conversion = conversion,
+    };
+
+    VkSamplerCreateInfo samplerInfo = {
+        .sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SAMPLER_CREATE_INFO,
+        .pNext = &samplerYcbcrConversionInfo,
+        .magFilter = fvkutils::getFilter(params.filterMag),
+        .minFilter = fvkutils::getFilter(params.filterMin),
+        .mipmapMode = fvkutils::getMipmapMode(params.filterMin),
+        .addressModeU = fvkutils::getWrapMode(params.wrapS),
+        .addressModeV = fvkutils::getWrapMode(params.wrapT),
+        .addressModeW = fvkutils::getWrapMode(params.wrapR),
+        .anisotropyEnable = params.anisotropyLog2 == 0 ? VK_FALSE : VK_TRUE,
+        .maxAnisotropy = (float)(1u << params.anisotropyLog2),
+        .compareEnable = fvkutils::getCompareEnable(params.compareMode),
+        .compareOp = fvkutils::getCompareOp(params.compareFunc),
+        .minLod = 0.0f,
+        .maxLod = fvkutils::getMaxLod(params.filterMin),
+        .borderColor = VK_BORDER_COLOR_INT_OPAQUE_BLACK,
+        .unnormalizedCoordinates = VK_FALSE,
+    };
+    VkSampler sampler;
+    result = vkCreateSampler(device, &samplerInfo, VKALLOC, &sampler);
+    FILAMENT_CHECK_POSTCONDITION(result == VK_SUCCESS)
+        << "Unable to create sampler."
+        << " error=" << static_cast<int32_t>(result);
+    return sampler;
+}
+
 VulkanPlatform::ExtensionSet VulkanPlatform::getSwapchainInstanceExtensions() {
     return {
         VK_KHR_ANDROID_SURFACE_EXTENSION_NAME,

filament/backend/src/vulkan/platform/VulkanPlatformApple.mm

@@ -70,10 +70,23 @@ VulkanPlatform::ExternalImageMetadata VulkanPlatform::getExternalImageMetadataIm
 
 VulkanPlatform::ImageData VulkanPlatform::createExternalImageDataImpl(
         ExternalImageHandleRef externalImage, VkDevice device,
-        const ExternalImageMetadata& metadata) {
+        const ExternalImageMetadata& metadata, uint32_t memoryTypeIndex, VkImageUsageFlags usage) {
     return {};
 }
 
+VkSampler VulkanPlatform::createExternalSamplerImpl(VkDevice device,
+    SamplerYcbcrConversion chroma,
+    SamplerParams sampler,
+    uint32_t internalFormat) {
+    return VK_NULL_HANDLE;
+}
+
+VkImageView VulkanPlatform::createExternalImageViewImpl(VkDevice device,
+        SamplerYcbcrConversion chroma, uint32_t internalFormat, VkImage image,
+        VkImageSubresourceRange range, VkImageViewType viewType, VkComponentMapping swizzle) {
+    return VK_NULL_HANDLE;
+}
+
 VulkanPlatform::SurfaceBundle VulkanPlatform::createVkSurfaceKHR(void* nativeWindow,
         VkInstance instance, uint64_t flags) noexcept {
     VkSurfaceKHR surface;

filament/backend/src/vulkan/platform/VulkanPlatformLinuxWindows.cpp

@@ -91,10 +91,23 @@ VulkanPlatform::ExternalImageMetadata VulkanPlatform::getExternalImageMetadataIm
 
 VulkanPlatform::ImageData VulkanPlatform::createExternalImageDataImpl(
         ExternalImageHandleRef externalImage, VkDevice device,
-        const ExternalImageMetadata& metadata) {
+        const ExternalImageMetadata& metadata, uint32_t memoryTypeIndex, VkImageUsageFlags usage) {
     return {};
 }
 
+VkSampler VulkanPlatform::createExternalSamplerImpl(VkDevice device,
+    SamplerYcbcrConversion chroma,
+    SamplerParams sampler,
+    uint32_t internalFormat) {
+    return VK_NULL_HANDLE;
+}
+
+VkImageView VulkanPlatform::createExternalImageViewImpl(VkDevice device,
+        SamplerYcbcrConversion chroma, uint32_t internalFormat, VkImage image,
+        VkImageSubresourceRange range, VkImageViewType viewType, VkComponentMapping swizzle) {
+    return VK_NULL_HANDLE;
+}
+
 VulkanPlatform::ExtensionSet VulkanPlatform::getSwapchainInstanceExtensions() {
     VulkanPlatform::ExtensionSet const ret = {
 #if defined(__linux__) && defined(FILAMENT_SUPPORTS_WAYLAND)

filament/backend/src/vulkan/utils/Conversion.cpp

@@ -588,6 +588,79 @@ VkComponentMapping getSwizzleMap(TextureSwizzle const swizzle[4]) {
     return map;
 }
 
+VkFilter getFilter(SamplerMinFilter filter) {
+    switch (filter) {
+    case SamplerMinFilter::NEAREST:
+        return VK_FILTER_NEAREST;
+    case SamplerMinFilter::LINEAR:
+        return VK_FILTER_LINEAR;
+    case SamplerMinFilter::NEAREST_MIPMAP_NEAREST:
+        return VK_FILTER_NEAREST;
+    case SamplerMinFilter::LINEAR_MIPMAP_NEAREST:
+        return VK_FILTER_LINEAR;
+    case SamplerMinFilter::NEAREST_MIPMAP_LINEAR:
+        return VK_FILTER_NEAREST;
+    case SamplerMinFilter::LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR:
+        return VK_FILTER_LINEAR;
+    }
+}
+
+VkFilter getFilter(SamplerMagFilter filter) {
+    switch (filter) {
+    case SamplerMagFilter::NEAREST:
+        return VK_FILTER_NEAREST;
+    case SamplerMagFilter::LINEAR:
+        return VK_FILTER_LINEAR;
+    }
+}
+
+VkSamplerMipmapMode getMipmapMode(SamplerMinFilter filter) {
+    switch (filter) {
+    case SamplerMinFilter::NEAREST:
+        return VK_SAMPLER_MIPMAP_MODE_NEAREST;
+    case SamplerMinFilter::LINEAR:
+        return VK_SAMPLER_MIPMAP_MODE_NEAREST;
+    case SamplerMinFilter::NEAREST_MIPMAP_NEAREST:
+        return VK_SAMPLER_MIPMAP_MODE_NEAREST;
+    case SamplerMinFilter::LINEAR_MIPMAP_NEAREST:
+        return VK_SAMPLER_MIPMAP_MODE_NEAREST;
+    case SamplerMinFilter::NEAREST_MIPMAP_LINEAR:
+        return VK_SAMPLER_MIPMAP_MODE_LINEAR;
+    case SamplerMinFilter::LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR:
+        return VK_SAMPLER_MIPMAP_MODE_LINEAR;
+    }
+}
+
+VkSamplerAddressMode getWrapMode(SamplerWrapMode mode) {
+    switch (mode) {
+    case SamplerWrapMode::REPEAT:
+        return VK_SAMPLER_ADDRESS_MODE_REPEAT;
+    case SamplerWrapMode::CLAMP_TO_EDGE:
+        return VK_SAMPLER_ADDRESS_MODE_CLAMP_TO_EDGE;
+    case SamplerWrapMode::MIRRORED_REPEAT:
+        return VK_SAMPLER_ADDRESS_MODE_MIRRORED_REPEAT;
+    }
+}
+
+VkBool32 getCompareEnable(SamplerCompareMode mode) {
+    return mode == SamplerCompareMode::NONE ? VK_FALSE : VK_TRUE;
+}
+
+float getMaxLod(SamplerMinFilter filter) {
+    switch (filter) {
+    case SamplerMinFilter::NEAREST:
+    case SamplerMinFilter::LINEAR:
+        // The Vulkan spec recommends a max LOD of 0.25 to "disable" mipmapping.
+        // See "Mapping of OpenGL to Vulkan filter modes" in the VK Spec.
+        return 0.25f;
+    case SamplerMinFilter::NEAREST_MIPMAP_NEAREST:
+    case SamplerMinFilter::LINEAR_MIPMAP_NEAREST:
+    case SamplerMinFilter::NEAREST_MIPMAP_LINEAR:
+    case SamplerMinFilter::LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR:
+        return VK_LOD_CLAMP_NONE;
+    }
+}
+
 VkShaderStageFlags getShaderStageFlags(ShaderStageFlags stageFlags) {
     VkShaderStageFlags flags = 0x0;
     if (any(stageFlags & ShaderStageFlags::VERTEX))     flags |= VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT;

filament/backend/src/vulkan/utils/Conversion.h

@@ -56,6 +56,19 @@ uint32_t getComponentCount(VkFormat format);
 VkComponentMapping getSwizzleMap(TextureSwizzle const swizzle[4]);
 VkShaderStageFlags getShaderStageFlags(ShaderStageFlags stageFlags);
 
+// Needed by the Platform for external sampler creation
+VkFilter getFilter(SamplerMinFilter filter);
+VkFilter getFilter(SamplerMagFilter filter);
+VkSamplerMipmapMode getMipmapMode(SamplerMinFilter filter);
+VkSamplerAddressMode getWrapMode(SamplerWrapMode mode);
+VkBool32 getCompareEnable(SamplerCompareMode mode);
+float getMaxLod(SamplerMinFilter filter);
+
+// Ycbcr related functions
+VkSamplerYcbcrModelConversion getYcbcrModelConversion(SamplerYcbcrModelConversion model);
+VkSamplerYcbcrRange getYcbcrRange(SamplerYcbcrRange range);
+VkChromaLocation getChromaLocation(ChromaLocation loc);
+
 inline VkImageViewType getViewType(SamplerType target) {
     switch (target) {
         case SamplerType::SAMPLER_CUBEMAP:

filament/backend/src/vulkan/utils/Image.cpp

@@ -193,6 +193,49 @@ uint8_t reduceSampleCount(uint8_t sampleCount, VkSampleCountFlags mask) {
     return mostSignificantBit((sampleCount - 1) & mask);
 }
 
+VkSamplerYcbcrModelConversion getYcbcrModelConversion(
+    SamplerYcbcrModelConversion model) {
+    switch (model) {
+    case SamplerYcbcrModelConversion::RGB_IDENTITY:
+        return VK_SAMPLER_YCBCR_MODEL_CONVERSION_RGB_IDENTITY;
+    case SamplerYcbcrModelConversion::YCBCR_IDENTITY:
+        return VK_SAMPLER_YCBCR_MODEL_CONVERSION_YCBCR_IDENTITY;
+    case SamplerYcbcrModelConversion::YCBCR_709:
+        return VK_SAMPLER_YCBCR_MODEL_CONVERSION_YCBCR_709;
+    case SamplerYcbcrModelConversion::YCBCR_601:
+        return VK_SAMPLER_YCBCR_MODEL_CONVERSION_YCBCR_601;
+    case SamplerYcbcrModelConversion::YCBCR_2020:
+        return VK_SAMPLER_YCBCR_MODEL_CONVERSION_YCBCR_2020;
+    default:
+        assert_invariant(false &&
+            "Unknown data type, conversion is not supported.");
+    }
+}
+
+VkSamplerYcbcrRange getYcbcrRange(SamplerYcbcrRange range) {
+    switch (range) {
+    case SamplerYcbcrRange::ITU_FULL:
+        return VK_SAMPLER_YCBCR_RANGE_ITU_FULL;
+    case SamplerYcbcrRange::ITU_NARROW:
+        return VK_SAMPLER_YCBCR_RANGE_ITU_NARROW;
+    default:
+        assert_invariant(false &&
+            "Unknown data type, conversion is not supported.");
+    }
+}
+
+VkChromaLocation getChromaLocation(ChromaLocation loc) {
+    switch (loc) {
+    case ChromaLocation::COSITED_EVEN:
+        return VK_CHROMA_LOCATION_COSITED_EVEN;
+    case ChromaLocation::MIDPOINT:
+        return VK_CHROMA_LOCATION_MIDPOINT;
+    default:
+        assert_invariant(false &&
+            "Unknown data type, conversion is not supported.");
+    }
+}
+
 } // namespace filament::backend::fvkutils
 
 bool operator<(const VkImageSubresourceRange& a, const VkImageSubresourceRange& b) {

filament/backend/src/webgpu/WebGPUConstants.h

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2025 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef TNT_FILAMENT_BACKEND_WEBGPUCONSTANTS_H
+#define TNT_FILAMENT_BACKEND_WEBGPUCONSTANTS_H
+
+#include <utils/Log.h>
+
+#include <cstdint>
+
+// FWGPU is short for Filament WebGPU
+
+// turn on runtime validation, namely for debugging, that would normally not run (for release)
+#define FWGPU_DEBUG_VALIDATION     0x00000001
+// print/log system component details to the console, e.g. about the
+// instance, surface, adapter, device, etc.
+#define FWGPU_PRINT_SYSTEM         0x00000002
+
+// Set this to enable logging "only" to one output stream. This is useful in the case where we want
+// to debug with print statements and want ordered logging (e.g slog.i and slog.e will not appear in
+// order of calls).
+#define FWGPU_DEBUG_FORCE_LOG_TO_I 0x00000004
+
+// Useful default combinations
+#define FWGPU_DEBUG_EVERYTHING     0xFFFFFFFF
+
+#if defined(FILAMENT_BACKEND_DEBUG_FLAG)
+    #define FWGPU_DEBUG_FORWARDED_FLAG (FILAMENT_BACKEND_DEBUG_FLAG & FWGPU_DEBUG_EVERYTHING)
+#else
+    #define FWGPU_DEBUG_FORWARDED_FLAG 0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+    #define FWGPU_DEBUG_FLAGS FWGPU_DEBUG_FORWARDED_FLAG
+#else
+    #define FWGPU_DEBUG_FLAGS 0
+#endif
+
+#define FWGPU_ENABLED(flags) (((FWGPU_DEBUG_FLAGS) & (flags)) == (flags))
+
+#if FWGPU_ENABLED(FWGPU_DEBUG_FORCE_LOG_TO_I)
+    #define FWGPU_LOGI (utils::slog.i)
+    #define FWGPU_LOGD FWGPU_LOGI
+    #define FWGPU_LOGE FWGPU_LOGI
+    #define FWGPU_LOGW FWGPU_LOGI
+#else
+    #define FWGPU_LOGE (utils::slog.e)
+    #define FWGPU_LOGW (utils::slog.w)
+    #define FWGPU_LOGD (utils::slog.d)
+    #define FWGPU_LOGI (utils::slog.i)
+#endif
+
+#endif// TNT_FILAMENT_BACKEND_WEBGPUCONSTANTS_H

filament/backend/src/webgpu/WebGPUDriver.cpp

@@ -14,21 +14,254 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+#include "webgpu/WebGPUDriver.h"
+
+#include "webgpu/WebGPUConstants.h"
+#include <backend/platforms/WebGPUPlatform.h>
+
+#include "CommandStreamDispatcher.h"
+#include "DriverBase.h"
+#include "private/backend/Dispatcher.h"
 #include <backend/DriverEnums.h>
 #include <backend/Handle.h>
 
-#include "webgpu/WebGPUDriver.h"
-#include "CommandStreamDispatcher.h"
+#include <math/mat3.h>
+#include <utils/CString.h>
+#include <utils/ostream.h>
 
-#include <stdint.h>
+#include <dawn/webgpu_cpp_print.h>
+#include <webgpu/webgpu_cpp.h>
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <string_view>
+#include <utility>
+#include <variant>
 
 namespace filament::backend {
 
-Driver* WebGPUDriver::create() {
-    return new WebGPUDriver();
+namespace {
+
+#if FWGPU_ENABLED(FWGPU_PRINT_SYSTEM)
+void printInstanceDetails(wgpu::Instance const& instance) {
+    wgpu::SupportedWGSLLanguageFeatures supportedWGSLLanguageFeatures{};
+    if (!instance.GetWGSLLanguageFeatures(&supportedWGSLLanguageFeatures)) {
+        FWGPU_LOGW << "Failed to get WebGPU instance supported WGSL language features"
+                   << utils::io::endl;
+    } else {
+        FWGPU_LOGI << "WebGPU instance supported WGSL language features ("
+                   << supportedWGSLLanguageFeatures.featureCount << "):" << utils::io::endl;
+        if (supportedWGSLLanguageFeatures.featureCount > 0 &&
+                supportedWGSLLanguageFeatures.features != nullptr) {
+            std::for_each(supportedWGSLLanguageFeatures.features,
+                    supportedWGSLLanguageFeatures.features +
+                            supportedWGSLLanguageFeatures.featureCount,
+                    [](wgpu::WGSLLanguageFeatureName const featureName) {
+                        std::stringstream nameStream{};
+                        nameStream << featureName;
+                        FWGPU_LOGI << "  " << nameStream.str() << utils::io::endl;
+                    });
+        }
+    }
+}
+#endif
+
+#if FWGPU_ENABLED(FWGPU_PRINT_SYSTEM)
+void printLimit(std::string_view name, const std::variant<uint32_t, uint64_t> value) {
+    FWGPU_LOGI << "  " << name.data() << ": ";
+    bool undefined = true;
+    if (std::holds_alternative<uint32_t>(value)) {
+        if (std::get<uint32_t>(value) != WGPU_LIMIT_U32_UNDEFINED) {
+            undefined = false;
+            FWGPU_LOGI << std::get<uint32_t>(value);
+        }
+    } else if (std::holds_alternative<uint64_t>(value)) {
+        if (std::get<uint64_t>(value) != WGPU_LIMIT_U64_UNDEFINED) {
+            undefined = false;
+            FWGPU_LOGI << std::get<uint64_t>(value);
+        }
+    }
+    if (undefined) {
+        FWGPU_LOGI << "UNDEFINED";
+    }
+    FWGPU_LOGI << utils::io::endl;
+}
+#endif
+
+#if FWGPU_ENABLED(FWGPU_PRINT_SYSTEM)
+void printLimits(wgpu::Limits const& limits) {
+    printLimit("maxTextureDimension1D", limits.maxTextureDimension1D);
+    printLimit("maxTextureDimension2D", limits.maxTextureDimension2D);
+    printLimit("maxTextureDimension3D", limits.maxTextureDimension3D);
+    printLimit("maxTextureArrayLayers", limits.maxTextureArrayLayers);
+    printLimit("maxBindGroups", limits.maxBindGroups);
+    printLimit("maxBindGroupsPlusVertexBuffers", limits.maxBindGroupsPlusVertexBuffers);
+    printLimit("maxBindingsPerBindGroup", limits.maxBindingsPerBindGroup);
+    printLimit("maxDynamicUniformBuffersPerPipelineLayout",
+            limits.maxDynamicUniformBuffersPerPipelineLayout);
+    printLimit("maxDynamicStorageBuffersPerPipelineLayout",
+            limits.maxDynamicStorageBuffersPerPipelineLayout);
+    printLimit("maxSampledTexturesPerShaderStage", limits.maxSampledTexturesPerShaderStage);
+    printLimit("maxSamplersPerShaderStage", limits.maxSamplersPerShaderStage);
+    printLimit("maxStorageBuffersPerShaderStage", limits.maxStorageBuffersPerShaderStage);
+    printLimit("maxStorageTexturesPerShaderStage", limits.maxStorageTexturesPerShaderStage);
+    printLimit("maxUniformBuffersPerShaderStage", limits.maxUniformBuffersPerShaderStage);
+    printLimit("maxUniformBufferBindingSize", limits.maxUniformBufferBindingSize);
+    printLimit("maxStorageBufferBindingSize", limits.maxStorageBufferBindingSize);
+    printLimit("minUniformBufferOffsetAlignment", limits.minUniformBufferOffsetAlignment);
+    printLimit("minStorageBufferOffsetAlignment", limits.minStorageBufferOffsetAlignment);
+    printLimit("maxVertexBuffers", limits.maxVertexBuffers);
+    printLimit("maxBufferSize", limits.maxBufferSize);
+    printLimit("maxVertexAttributes", limits.maxVertexAttributes);
+    printLimit("maxVertexBufferArrayStride", limits.maxVertexBufferArrayStride);
+    printLimit("maxInterStageShaderComponents", limits.maxInterStageShaderComponents);
+    printLimit("maxInterStageShaderVariables", limits.maxInterStageShaderVariables);
+    printLimit("maxColorAttachments", limits.maxColorAttachments);
+    printLimit("maxColorAttachmentBytesPerSample", limits.maxColorAttachmentBytesPerSample);
+    printLimit("maxComputeWorkgroupStorageSize", limits.maxComputeWorkgroupStorageSize);
+    printLimit("maxComputeInvocationsPerWorkgroup", limits.maxComputeInvocationsPerWorkgroup);
+    printLimit("maxComputeWorkgroupSizeX", limits.maxComputeWorkgroupSizeX);
+    printLimit("maxComputeWorkgroupSizeY", limits.maxComputeWorkgroupSizeY);
+    printLimit("maxComputeWorkgroupSizeZ", limits.maxComputeWorkgroupSizeZ);
+    printLimit("maxComputeWorkgroupsPerDimension", limits.maxComputeWorkgroupsPerDimension);
+    printLimit("maxStorageBuffersInVertexStage", limits.maxStorageBuffersInVertexStage);
+    printLimit("maxStorageTexturesInVertexStage", limits.maxStorageTexturesInVertexStage);
+    printLimit("maxStorageBuffersInFragmentStage", limits.maxStorageBuffersInFragmentStage);
+    printLimit("maxStorageTexturesInFragmentStage", limits.maxStorageTexturesInFragmentStage);
+}
+#endif
+
+#if FWGPU_ENABLED(FWGPU_PRINT_SYSTEM)
+void printAdapterDetails(wgpu::Adapter const& adapter) {
+    wgpu::DawnAdapterPropertiesPowerPreference powerPreferenceProperties{};
+    wgpu::AdapterInfo adapterInfo{};
+    adapterInfo.nextInChain = &powerPreferenceProperties;
+    if (!adapter.GetInfo(&adapterInfo)) {
+        FWGPU_LOGW << "Failed to get WebGPU adapter info" << utils::io::endl;
+    } else {
+        std::stringstream backendTypeStream{};
+        backendTypeStream << adapterInfo.backendType;
+        std::stringstream adapterTypeStream{};
+        adapterTypeStream << adapterInfo.adapterType;
+        std::stringstream powerPreferenceStream{};
+        powerPreferenceStream << powerPreferenceProperties.powerPreference;
+        FWGPU_LOGI << "WebGPU adapter info:" << utils::io::endl;
+        FWGPU_LOGI << "  vendor: " << adapterInfo.vendor.data << utils::io::endl;
+        FWGPU_LOGI << "  architecture: " << adapterInfo.architecture.data << utils::io::endl;
+        FWGPU_LOGI << "  device: " << adapterInfo.device.data << utils::io::endl;
+        FWGPU_LOGI << "  description: " << adapterInfo.description.data << utils::io::endl;
+        FWGPU_LOGI << "  backend type: " << backendTypeStream.str().data() << utils::io::endl;
+        FWGPU_LOGI << "  adapter type: " << adapterTypeStream.str().data() << utils::io::endl;
+        FWGPU_LOGI << "  device ID: " << adapterInfo.deviceID << utils::io::endl;
+        FWGPU_LOGI << "  vendor ID: " << adapterInfo.vendorID << utils::io::endl;
+        FWGPU_LOGI << "  subgroup min size: " << adapterInfo.subgroupMinSize << utils::io::endl;
+        FWGPU_LOGI << "  subgroup max size: " << adapterInfo.subgroupMaxSize << utils::io::endl;
+        FWGPU_LOGI << "  compatibility mode: " << bool(adapterInfo.compatibilityMode)
+                   << utils::io::endl;
+        FWGPU_LOGI << "  power preference: " << powerPreferenceStream.str() << utils::io::endl;
+    }
+    wgpu::SupportedFeatures supportedFeatures{};
+    adapter.GetFeatures(&supportedFeatures);
+    FWGPU_LOGI << "WebGPU adapter supported features (" << supportedFeatures.featureCount
+               << "):" << utils::io::endl;
+    if (supportedFeatures.featureCount > 0 && supportedFeatures.features != nullptr) {
+        std::for_each(supportedFeatures.features,
+                supportedFeatures.features + supportedFeatures.featureCount,
+                [](wgpu::FeatureName const name) {
+                    std::stringstream nameStream{};
+                    nameStream << name;
+                    FWGPU_LOGI << "  " << nameStream.str().data() << utils::io::endl;
+                });
+    }
+    wgpu::SupportedLimits supportedLimits{};
+    if (!adapter.GetLimits(&supportedLimits)) {
+        FWGPU_LOGW << "Failed to get WebGPU adapter supported limits" << utils::io::endl;
+    } else {
+        FWGPU_LOGI << "WebGPU adapter supported limits:" << utils::io::endl;
+        printLimits(supportedLimits.limits);
+    }
+}
+#endif
+
+#if FWGPU_ENABLED(FWGPU_PRINT_SYSTEM)
+void printSurfaceCapabilitiesDetails(wgpu::SurfaceCapabilities const& capabilities) {
+    std::stringstream usages_stream{};
+    usages_stream << capabilities.usages;
+    FWGPU_LOGI << "WebGPU surface capabilities:" << utils::io::endl;
+    FWGPU_LOGI << "  surface usages: " << usages_stream.str().data() << utils::io::endl;
+    FWGPU_LOGI << "  surface formats (" << capabilities.formatCount << "):" << utils::io::endl;
+    if (capabilities.formatCount > 0 && capabilities.formats != nullptr) {
+        std::for_each(capabilities.formats, capabilities.formats + capabilities.formatCount,
+                [](wgpu::TextureFormat const format) {
+                    std::stringstream format_stream{};
+                    format_stream << format;
+                    FWGPU_LOGI << "    " << format_stream.str().data() << utils::io::endl;
+                });
+    }
+    FWGPU_LOGI << "  surface present modes (" << capabilities.presentModeCount
+               << "):" << utils::io::endl;
+    if (capabilities.presentModeCount > 0 && capabilities.presentModes != nullptr) {
+        std::for_each(capabilities.presentModes,
+                capabilities.presentModes + capabilities.presentModeCount,
+                [](wgpu::PresentMode const presentMode) {
+                    std::stringstream present_mode_stream{};
+                    present_mode_stream << presentMode;
+                    FWGPU_LOGI << "    " << present_mode_stream.str().data() << utils::io::endl;
+                });
+    }
+    FWGPU_LOGI << "  surface alpha modes (" << capabilities.alphaModeCount
+               << "):" << utils::io::endl;
+    if (capabilities.alphaModeCount > 0 && capabilities.alphaModes != nullptr) {
+        std::for_each(capabilities.alphaModes,
+                capabilities.alphaModes + capabilities.alphaModeCount,
+                [](wgpu::CompositeAlphaMode const alphaMode) {
+                    std::stringstream alpha_mode_stream{};
+                    alpha_mode_stream << alphaMode;
+                    FWGPU_LOGI << "    " << alpha_mode_stream.str().data() << utils::io::endl;
+                });
+    }
+}
+#endif
+
+#if FWGPU_ENABLED(FWGPU_PRINT_SYSTEM)
+void printDeviceDetails(wgpu::Device const& device) {
+    wgpu::SupportedFeatures supportedFeatures{};
+    device.GetFeatures(&supportedFeatures);
+    FWGPU_LOGI << "WebGPU device supported features (" << supportedFeatures.featureCount
+               << "):" << utils::io::endl;
+    if (supportedFeatures.featureCount > 0 && supportedFeatures.features != nullptr) {
+        std::for_each(supportedFeatures.features,
+                supportedFeatures.features + supportedFeatures.featureCount,
+                [](wgpu::FeatureName const name) {
+                    std::stringstream nameStream{};
+                    nameStream << name;
+                    FWGPU_LOGI << "  " << nameStream.str().data() << utils::io::endl;
+                });
+    }
+    wgpu::SupportedLimits supportedLimits{};
+    if (!device.GetLimits(&supportedLimits)) {
+        FWGPU_LOGW << "Failed to get WebGPU supported device limits" << utils::io::endl;
+    } else {
+        FWGPU_LOGI << "WebGPU device supported limits:" << utils::io::endl;
+        printLimits(supportedLimits.limits);
+    }
+}
+#endif
+
+}// namespace
+
+Driver* WebGPUDriver::create(WebGPUPlatform& platform) noexcept {
+    return new WebGPUDriver(platform);
 }
 
-WebGPUDriver::WebGPUDriver() noexcept = default;
+WebGPUDriver::WebGPUDriver(WebGPUPlatform& platform) noexcept
+    : mPlatform(platform) {
+#if FWGPU_ENABLED(FWGPU_PRINT_SYSTEM)
+    printInstanceDetails(mPlatform.getInstance());
+#endif
+}
 
 WebGPUDriver::~WebGPUDriver() noexcept = default;
 
@@ -123,6 +356,188 @@ void WebGPUDriver::destroyDescriptorSetLayout(Handle<HwDescriptorSetLayout> tqh)
 void WebGPUDriver::destroyDescriptorSet(Handle<HwDescriptorSet> tqh) {
 }
 
+Handle<HwSwapChain> WebGPUDriver::createSwapChainS() noexcept {
+    return Handle<HwSwapChain>((Handle<HwSwapChain>::HandleId) mNextFakeHandle++);
+}
+
+Handle<HwSwapChain> WebGPUDriver::createSwapChainHeadlessS() noexcept {
+    return Handle<HwSwapChain>((Handle<HwSwapChain>::HandleId) mNextFakeHandle++);
+}
+
+Handle<HwTexture> WebGPUDriver::createTextureS() noexcept {
+    return Handle<HwTexture>((Handle<HwTexture>::HandleId) mNextFakeHandle++);
+}
+
+Handle<HwTexture> WebGPUDriver::importTextureS() noexcept {
+    return Handle<HwTexture>((Handle<HwTexture>::HandleId) mNextFakeHandle++);
+}
+
+Handle<HwProgram> WebGPUDriver::createProgramS() noexcept {
+    return Handle<HwProgram>((Handle<HwProgram>::HandleId) mNextFakeHandle++);
+}
+
+Handle<HwFence> WebGPUDriver::createFenceS() noexcept {
+    return Handle<HwFence>((Handle<HwFence>::HandleId) mNextFakeHandle++);
+}
+
+Handle<HwTimerQuery> WebGPUDriver::createTimerQueryS() noexcept {
+    return Handle<HwTimerQuery>((Handle<HwTimerQuery>::HandleId) mNextFakeHandle++);
+}
+
+Handle<HwIndexBuffer> WebGPUDriver::createIndexBufferS() noexcept {
+    return Handle<HwIndexBuffer>((Handle<HwIndexBuffer>::HandleId) mNextFakeHandle++);
+}
+
+Handle<HwTexture> WebGPUDriver::createTextureViewS() noexcept {
+    return Handle<HwTexture>((Handle<HwTexture>::HandleId) mNextFakeHandle++);
+}
+
+Handle<HwBufferObject> WebGPUDriver::createBufferObjectS() noexcept {
+    return Handle<HwBufferObject>((Handle<HwBufferObject>::HandleId) mNextFakeHandle++);
+}
+
+Handle<HwRenderTarget> WebGPUDriver::createRenderTargetS() noexcept {
+    return Handle<HwRenderTarget>((Handle<HwRenderTarget>::HandleId) mNextFakeHandle++);
+}
+
+Handle<HwVertexBuffer> WebGPUDriver::createVertexBufferS() noexcept {
+    return Handle<HwVertexBuffer>((Handle<HwVertexBuffer>::HandleId) mNextFakeHandle++);
+}
+
+Handle<HwDescriptorSet> WebGPUDriver::createDescriptorSetS() noexcept {
+    return Handle<HwDescriptorSet>((Handle<HwDescriptorSet>::HandleId) mNextFakeHandle++);
+}
+
+Handle<HwRenderPrimitive> WebGPUDriver::createRenderPrimitiveS() noexcept {
+    return Handle<HwRenderPrimitive>((Handle<HwRenderPrimitive>::HandleId) mNextFakeHandle++);
+}
+
+Handle<HwVertexBufferInfo> WebGPUDriver::createVertexBufferInfoS() noexcept {
+    return Handle<HwVertexBufferInfo>((Handle<HwVertexBufferInfo>::HandleId) mNextFakeHandle++);
+}
+
+Handle<HwTexture> WebGPUDriver::createTextureViewSwizzleS() noexcept {
+    return Handle<HwTexture>((Handle<HwTexture>::HandleId) mNextFakeHandle++);
+}
+
+Handle<HwRenderTarget> WebGPUDriver::createDefaultRenderTargetS() noexcept {
+    return Handle<HwRenderTarget>((Handle<HwRenderTarget>::HandleId) mNextFakeHandle++);
+}
+
+Handle<HwDescriptorSetLayout> WebGPUDriver::createDescriptorSetLayoutS() noexcept {
+    return Handle<HwDescriptorSetLayout>(
+            (Handle<HwDescriptorSetLayout>::HandleId) mNextFakeHandle++);
+}
+
+Handle<HwTexture> WebGPUDriver::createTextureExternalImageS() noexcept {
+    return Handle<HwTexture>((Handle<HwTexture>::HandleId) mNextFakeHandle++);
+}
+
+Handle<HwTexture> WebGPUDriver::createTextureExternalImage2S() noexcept {
+    return Handle<HwTexture>((Handle<HwTexture>::HandleId) mNextFakeHandle++);
+}
+
+Handle<HwTexture> WebGPUDriver::createTextureExternalImagePlaneS() noexcept {
+    return Handle<HwTexture>((Handle<HwTexture>::HandleId) mNextFakeHandle++);
+}
+
+void WebGPUDriver::createSwapChainR(Handle<HwSwapChain> sch, void* nativeWindow, uint64_t flags) {
+    mSurface= mPlatform.createSurface(nativeWindow, flags);
+    mAdapter = mPlatform.requestAdapter(mSurface);
+#if FWGPU_ENABLED(FWGPU_PRINT_SYSTEM)
+    printAdapterDetails(mAdapter);
+    wgpu::SurfaceCapabilities surfaceCapabilities{};
+    if (!mSurface.GetCapabilities(mAdapter, &surfaceCapabilities)) {
+        FWGPU_LOGW << "Failed to get WebGPU surface capabilities" << utils::io::endl;
+    } else {
+        printSurfaceCapabilitiesDetails(surfaceCapabilities);
+    }
+#endif
+    mDevice = mPlatform.requestDevice(mAdapter);
+#if FWGPU_ENABLED(FWGPU_PRINT_SYSTEM)
+    printDeviceDetails(mDevice);
+#endif
+    mQueue = mDevice.GetQueue();
+    // TODO configure the surface (maybe before or after creating the swapchain?
+    //                             how do we get the surface extent?)
+    // TODO actually create the swapchain
+    FWGPU_LOGW << "WebGPU support is still essentially a no-op at this point in development (only "
+                  "background components have been instantiated/selected, such as surface/screen, "
+                  "graphics device/GPU, etc.), thus nothing is being drawn to the screen."
+               << utils::io::endl;
+#if !FWGPU_ENABLED(FWGPU_PRINT_SYSTEM) && !defined(NDEBUG)
+    FWGPU_LOGI << "If the FILAMENT_BACKEND_DEBUG_FLAG variable were set with the " << utils::io::hex
+               << FWGPU_PRINT_SYSTEM << utils::io::dec
+               << " bit flag on during build time the application would print system details "
+                  "about the selected graphics device, surface, etc. To see this try "
+                  "rebuilding Filament with that flag, e.g. ./build.sh -x "
+               << FWGPU_PRINT_SYSTEM << " ..." << utils::io::endl;
+#endif
+}
+
+void WebGPUDriver::createSwapChainHeadlessR(Handle<HwSwapChain> sch, uint32_t width,
+        uint32_t height, uint64_t flags) {}
+
+void WebGPUDriver::createVertexBufferInfoR(Handle<HwVertexBufferInfo> vbih, uint8_t bufferCount,
+        uint8_t attributeCount, AttributeArray attributes) {}
+
+void WebGPUDriver::createVertexBufferR(Handle<HwVertexBuffer> vbh, uint32_t vertexCount,
+        Handle<HwVertexBufferInfo> vbih) {}
+
+void WebGPUDriver::createIndexBufferR(Handle<HwIndexBuffer> ibh, ElementType elementType,
+        uint32_t indexCount, BufferUsage usage) {}
+
+void WebGPUDriver::createBufferObjectR(Handle<HwBufferObject> boh, uint32_t byteCount,
+        BufferObjectBinding bindingType, BufferUsage usage) {}
+
+void WebGPUDriver::createTextureR(Handle<HwTexture> th, SamplerType target, uint8_t levels,
+        TextureFormat format, uint8_t samples, uint32_t w, uint32_t h, uint32_t depth,
+        TextureUsage usage) {}
+
+void WebGPUDriver::createTextureViewR(Handle<HwTexture> th, Handle<HwTexture> srch,
+        uint8_t baseLevel, uint8_t levelCount) {}
+
+void WebGPUDriver::createTextureViewSwizzleR(Handle<HwTexture> th, Handle<HwTexture> srch,
+        backend::TextureSwizzle r, backend::TextureSwizzle g, backend::TextureSwizzle b,
+        backend::TextureSwizzle a) {}
+
+void WebGPUDriver::createTextureExternalImage2R(Handle<HwTexture> th, backend::SamplerType target,
+        backend::TextureFormat format, uint32_t width, uint32_t height, backend::TextureUsage usage,
+        Platform::ExternalImageHandleRef externalImage) {}
+
+void WebGPUDriver::createTextureExternalImageR(Handle<HwTexture> th, backend::SamplerType target,
+        backend::TextureFormat format, uint32_t width, uint32_t height, backend::TextureUsage usage,
+        void* externalImage) {}
+
+void WebGPUDriver::createTextureExternalImagePlaneR(Handle<HwTexture> th,
+        backend::TextureFormat format, uint32_t width, uint32_t height, backend::TextureUsage usage,
+        void* image, uint32_t plane) {}
+
+void WebGPUDriver::importTextureR(Handle<HwTexture> th, intptr_t id, SamplerType target,
+        uint8_t levels, TextureFormat format, uint8_t samples, uint32_t w, uint32_t h,
+        uint32_t depth, TextureUsage usage) {}
+
+void WebGPUDriver::createRenderPrimitiveR(Handle<HwRenderPrimitive> rph, Handle<HwVertexBuffer> vbh,
+        Handle<HwIndexBuffer> ibh, PrimitiveType pt) {}
+
+void WebGPUDriver::createProgramR(Handle<HwProgram> ph, Program&& program) {}
+
+void WebGPUDriver::createDefaultRenderTargetR(Handle<HwRenderTarget> rth, int) {}
+
+void WebGPUDriver::createRenderTargetR(Handle<HwRenderTarget> rth, TargetBufferFlags targets,
+        uint32_t width, uint32_t height, uint8_t samples, uint8_t layerCount, MRT color,
+        TargetBufferInfo depth, TargetBufferInfo stencil) {}
+
+void WebGPUDriver::createFenceR(Handle<HwFence> fh, int) {}
+
+void WebGPUDriver::createTimerQueryR(Handle<HwTimerQuery> tqh, int) {}
+
+void WebGPUDriver::createDescriptorSetLayoutR(Handle<HwDescriptorSetLayout> dslh,
+        backend::DescriptorSetLayout&& info) {}
+
+void WebGPUDriver::createDescriptorSetR(Handle<HwDescriptorSet> dsh,
+        Handle<HwDescriptorSetLayout> dslh) {}
+
 Handle<HwStream> WebGPUDriver::createStreamNative(void* nativeStream) {
     return {};
 }
@@ -236,10 +651,18 @@ uint8_t WebGPUDriver::getMaxDrawBuffers() {
     return MRT::MAX_SUPPORTED_RENDER_TARGET_COUNT;
 }
 
-size_t WebGPUDriver::getMaxUniformBufferSize() {
+size_t WebGPUDriver::getMaxUniformBufferSize(SamplerType) {
     return 16384u;
 }
 
+size_t WebGPUDriver::getMaxTextureSize() {
+    return 2048u;
+}
+
+size_t WebGPUDriver::getMaxArrayTextureLayers() {
+    return 256u;
+}
+
 void WebGPUDriver::updateIndexBuffer(Handle<HwIndexBuffer> ibh, BufferDescriptor&& p,
         uint32_t byteOffset) {
     scheduleDestroy(std::move(p));

filament/backend/src/webgpu/WebGPUDriver.h

@@ -17,26 +17,44 @@
 #ifndef TNT_FILAMENT_BACKEND_WEBGPUDRIVER_H
 #define TNT_FILAMENT_BACKEND_WEBGPUDRIVER_H
 
-#include "private/backend/Driver.h"
+#include <backend/platforms/WebGPUPlatform.h>
+
 #include "DriverBase.h"
+#include "private/backend/Dispatcher.h"
+#include "private/backend/Driver.h"
+#include <backend/DriverEnums.h>
 
 #include <utils/compiler.h>
 
+#include <webgpu/webgpu_cpp.h>
+
+#include <cstdint>
+
 namespace filament::backend {
 
+/**
+ * WebGPU backend (driver) implementation
+ */
 class WebGPUDriver final : public DriverBase {
-    WebGPUDriver() noexcept;
-    ~WebGPUDriver() noexcept override;
-    Dispatcher getDispatcher() const noexcept final;
-
 public:
-    static Driver* create();
+    ~WebGPUDriver() noexcept override;
+
+    [[nodiscard]] Dispatcher getDispatcher() const noexcept final;
+    [[nodiscard]] static Driver* create(WebGPUPlatform& platform) noexcept;
 
 private:
-    ShaderModel getShaderModel() const noexcept final;
-    ShaderLanguage getShaderLanguage() const noexcept final;
+    explicit WebGPUDriver(WebGPUPlatform& platform) noexcept;
+    [[nodiscard]] ShaderModel getShaderModel() const noexcept final;
+    [[nodiscard]] ShaderLanguage getShaderLanguage() const noexcept final;
 
-    uint64_t nextFakeHandle = 1;
+    // the platform (e.g. OS) specific aspects of the WebGPU backend are strictly only
+    // handled in the WebGPUPlatform
+    WebGPUPlatform& mPlatform;
+    wgpu::Surface mSurface = nullptr;
+    wgpu::Adapter mAdapter = nullptr;
+    wgpu::Device mDevice = nullptr;
+    wgpu::Queue mQueue = nullptr;
+    uint64_t mNextFakeHandle = 1;
 
     /*
      * Driver interface
@@ -45,20 +63,19 @@ private:
     template<typename T>
     friend class ConcreteDispatcher;
 
-#define DECL_DRIVER_API(methodName, paramsDecl, params) \
+#define DECL_DRIVER_API(methodName, paramsDecl, params)                                            \
     UTILS_ALWAYS_INLINE inline void methodName(paramsDecl);
 
-#define DECL_DRIVER_API_SYNCHRONOUS(RetType, methodName, paramsDecl, params) \
+#define DECL_DRIVER_API_SYNCHRONOUS(RetType, methodName, paramsDecl, params)                       \
     RetType methodName(paramsDecl) override;
 
-#define DECL_DRIVER_API_RETURN(RetType, methodName, paramsDecl, params) \
-    RetType methodName##S() noexcept override { \
-        return RetType((RetType::HandleId)nextFakeHandle++); } \
-    UTILS_ALWAYS_INLINE inline void methodName##R(RetType, paramsDecl) { }
+#define DECL_DRIVER_API_RETURN(RetType, methodName, paramsDecl, params)                            \
+    RetType methodName##S() noexcept override;                                                     \
+    UTILS_ALWAYS_INLINE inline void methodName##R(RetType, paramsDecl);
 
 #include "private/backend/DriverAPI.inc"
 };
 
-} // namespace filament
+}// namespace filament::backend
 
-#endif // TNT_FILAMENT_BACKEND_WEBGPUDRIVER_H
+#endif// TNT_FILAMENT_BACKEND_WEBGPUDRIVER_H

filament/backend/src/webgpu/WebGPUPlatform.cpp

@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2025 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#include "webgpu/WebGPUPlatform.h"
-#include "webgpu/WebGPUDriver.h"
-
-#include "utils/Log.h"
-
-namespace filament::backend {
-
-Driver* WebGPUPlatform::createDriver(void* const sharedContext , const Platform::DriverConfig& driverConfig) noexcept {
-    wgpu::InstanceDescriptor instance_descriptor {};
-    wgpu::Instance instance = wgpu::CreateInstance(&instance_descriptor);
-    if (instance) {
-        utils::slog.i << " WebGPU instance created\n";
-    } else {
-        utils::slog.e << " WebGPU instance failed to create\n";
-        return nullptr;
-    }
-    return WebGPUDriver::create();
-}
-
-} // namespace filament

filament/backend/src/webgpu/WebGPUPlatform.h

@@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2025 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#ifndef TNT_FILAMENT_BACKEND_WEBGPUPLATFORM_H
-#define TNT_FILAMENT_BACKEND_WEBGPUPLATFORM_H
-
-#include <backend/DriverEnums.h>
-#include <backend/Platform.h>
-
-#include "webgpu/webgpu_cpp.h"
-
-namespace filament::backend {
-
-class WebGPUPlatform
-    final : public Platform {
-public:
-
-    int getOSVersion() const noexcept final { return 0; }
-
-    ~WebGPUPlatform() noexcept override = default;
-
-protected:
-
-    Driver* createDriver(void* sharedContext, const Platform::DriverConfig& driverConfig) noexcept override;
-};
-
-} // namespace filament
-
-#endif // TNT_FILAMENT_BACKEND_WEBGPUPLATFORM_H

filament/backend/src/webgpu/platform/WebGPUPlatform.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2025 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <backend/platforms/WebGPUPlatform.h>
+
+#include "webgpu/WebGPUConstants.h"
+#include "webgpu/WebGPUDriver.h"
+
+#include <backend/Platform.h>
+#include <utils/Panic.h>
+#include <utils/ostream.h>
+
+#include <dawn/webgpu_cpp_print.h>
+#include <webgpu/webgpu_cpp.h>
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <sstream>
+
+/**
+ * WebGPU Backend implementation common across platforms or operating systems (at least for now).
+ * Some of these functions may likely be refactored to platform/OS-specific implementations
+ * over time as needed. The caller of the WebGPUPlatform doesn't need to care which is the case.
+ */
+
+namespace filament::backend {
+
+namespace {
+
+//either returns a valid instance or panics
+[[nodiscard]] wgpu::Instance createInstance() {
+    wgpu::DawnTogglesDescriptor dawnTogglesDescriptor{};
+#if defined(FILAMENT_WEBGPU_IMMEDIATE_ERROR_HANDLING)
+#if FWGPU_ENABLED(FWGPU_PRINT_SYSTEM)
+    FWGPU_LOGI << "setting on toggle enable_immediate_error_handling" << utils::io::endl;
+#endif
+    /**
+     * Have the un-captured error callback invoked immediately when an error occurs, rather than
+     * waiting for the next Tick. This enables using the stack trace in which the un-captured error
+     * occurred when breaking into the un-captured error callback.
+     * https://crbug.com/dawn/1789
+     */
+    static const char* toggleName = "enable_immediate_error_handling";
+    dawnTogglesDescriptor.enabledToggleCount = 1;
+    dawnTogglesDescriptor.enabledToggles = &toggleName;
+#endif
+    wgpu::InstanceDescriptor instanceDescriptor{
+        .nextInChain = &dawnTogglesDescriptor,
+        .capabilities = {
+            .timedWaitAnyEnable = true// TODO consider using pure async instead
+        }
+    };
+    wgpu::Instance instance = wgpu::CreateInstance(&instanceDescriptor);
+    FILAMENT_CHECK_POSTCONDITION(instance != nullptr) << "Unable to create webgpu instance.";
+    return instance;
+}
+
+}// namespace
+
+wgpu::Adapter WebGPUPlatform::requestAdapter(wgpu::Surface const& surface) {
+    // TODO consider power preference etc. (can be custom preferences passed to the platform or
+    //                                      based on whether this is a Mobile or Desktop system,
+    //                                      etc...)
+    wgpu::RequestAdapterOptions adaptorOptions{ .compatibleSurface = surface };
+    // note this just gets the first adapter
+    wgpu::Adapter adapter = nullptr;
+    wgpu::WaitStatus status = mInstance.WaitAny(
+            mInstance.RequestAdapter(&adaptorOptions, wgpu::CallbackMode::WaitAnyOnly,
+                    [&adapter](wgpu::RequestAdapterStatus const status,
+                            wgpu::Adapter const& readyAdapter, wgpu::StringView const message) {
+                        // TODO consider more robust error handling
+                        FILAMENT_CHECK_POSTCONDITION(status == wgpu::RequestAdapterStatus::Success)
+                                << "Unable to request a WebGPU adapter. Status "
+                                << static_cast<uint32_t>(status)
+                                << " with message: " << message.data;
+                        adapter = readyAdapter;
+                    }),
+            UINT16_MAX);// TODO define reasonable timeout (or do this asynchronously)
+    FILAMENT_CHECK_POSTCONDITION(status == wgpu::WaitStatus::Success)
+            << "Non-successful wait status requesting a WebGPU adapter "
+            << static_cast<uint32_t>(status);
+    FILAMENT_CHECK_POSTCONDITION(adapter != nullptr)
+            << "Failed to get a WebGPU adapter for the platform";
+    // TODO consider validating adapter has required features and/or limits
+    return adapter;
+}
+
+wgpu::Device WebGPUPlatform::requestDevice(wgpu::Adapter const& adapter) {
+    // TODO consider passing required features and/or limits
+    wgpu::DeviceDescriptor deviceDescriptor{};
+    deviceDescriptor.label = "graphics_device";
+    deviceDescriptor.defaultQueue.label = "default_queue";
+    deviceDescriptor.SetDeviceLostCallback(wgpu::CallbackMode::AllowSpontaneous,
+            [](wgpu::Device const&, wgpu::DeviceLostReason const& reason,
+                    wgpu::StringView message) {
+                if (reason == wgpu::DeviceLostReason::Destroyed) {
+                    FWGPU_LOGD << "WebGPU device lost due to being destroyed (expected)"
+                               << utils::io::endl;
+                    return;
+                }
+                // TODO try recreating the device instead of just panicking
+                std::stringstream reasonStream{};
+                reasonStream << reason;
+                FILAMENT_CHECK_POSTCONDITION(reason != wgpu::DeviceLostReason::Destroyed)
+                        << "WebGPU device lost: " << reasonStream.str() << " " << message.data;
+            });
+    deviceDescriptor.SetUncapturedErrorCallback(
+            [](wgpu::Device const&, wgpu::ErrorType errorType, wgpu::StringView message) {
+                std::stringstream typeStream{};
+                typeStream << errorType;
+                FWGPU_LOGE << "WebGPU device error: " << typeStream.str() << " " << message.data
+                           << utils::io::endl;
+            });
+    wgpu::Device device = nullptr;
+    wgpu::WaitStatus status = mInstance.WaitAny(
+            adapter.RequestDevice(&deviceDescriptor, wgpu::CallbackMode::WaitAnyOnly,
+                    [&device](wgpu::RequestDeviceStatus const status,
+                            wgpu::Device const& readyDevice, wgpu::StringView const message) {
+                        FILAMENT_CHECK_POSTCONDITION(status == wgpu::RequestDeviceStatus::Success)
+                                << "Unable to request a WebGPU device. Status: "
+                                << static_cast<uint32_t>(status)
+                                << " with message: " << message.data;
+                        device = readyDevice;
+                    }),
+            UINT64_MAX);// TODO define reasonable timeout (or do this asynchronously)
+    FILAMENT_CHECK_POSTCONDITION(status == wgpu::WaitStatus::Success)
+            << "Non-successful wait status requesting a WebGPU device "
+            << static_cast<uint32_t>(status);
+    FILAMENT_CHECK_POSTCONDITION(device != nullptr)
+            << "Failed to get a WebGPU device for the platform.";
+    return device;
+}
+
+Driver* WebGPUPlatform::createDriver(void* const sharedContext,
+        const Platform::DriverConfig& /*driverConfig*/) noexcept {
+    if (sharedContext) {
+        FWGPU_LOGW << "sharedContext is ignored/unused in the WebGPU backend. A non-null "
+                      "sharedContext was provided, but it will be ignored."
+                   << utils::io::endl;
+    }
+    return WebGPUDriver::create(*this);
+}
+
+WebGPUPlatform::WebGPUPlatform()
+    : mInstance(createInstance()) {}
+
+}// namespace filament::backend

filament/backend/src/webgpu/platform/WebGPUPlatformAndroid.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2025 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <backend/platforms/WebGPUPlatform.h>
+
+#include <utils/Panic.h>
+
+#include <webgpu/webgpu_cpp.h>
+
+#include <cstdint>
+
+/**
+ * Android OS specific implementation aspects of the WebGPU backend
+ */
+
+namespace filament::backend {
+
+wgpu::Surface WebGPUPlatform::createSurface(void* nativeWindow, uint64_t /*flags*/) {
+    wgpu::SurfaceSourceAndroidNativeWindow surfaceSourceAndroidWindow{};
+    surfaceSourceAndroidWindow.window = nativeWindow;
+    wgpu::SurfaceDescriptor surfaceDescriptor{
+        .nextInChain = &surfaceSourceAndroidWindow,
+        .label = "android_surface"
+    };
+    wgpu::Surface surface = mInstance.CreateSurface(&surfaceDescriptor);
+    FILAMENT_CHECK_POSTCONDITION(surface != nullptr) << "Unable to create Android-backed surface.";
+    return surface;
+}
+
+}// namespace filament::backend

filament/backend/src/webgpu/platform/WebGPUPlatformApple.mm

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2025 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <backend/platforms/WebGPUPlatform.h>
+
+#include <utils/Panic.h>
+#include <utils/ostream.h>
+
+#include <webgpu/webgpu_cpp.h>
+
+#include <cstdint>
+
+// Platform specific includes and defines
+#if defined(__APPLE__)
+    #include <Cocoa/Cocoa.h>
+    #import <QuartzCore/CAMetalLayer.h>
+#elif defined(FILAMENT_IOS)
+    // Metal is not available when building for the iOS simulator on Desktop.
+    #define METAL_AVAILABLE __has_include(<QuartzCore/CAMetalLayer.h>)
+    #if METAL_AVAILABLE
+        #import <Metal/Metal.h>
+        #import <QuartzCore/CAMetalLayer.h>
+    #endif
+    // is this needed?
+    #define METALVIEW_TAG 255
+#else
+    #error Not a supported Apple + WebGPU platform
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * Apple (Mac OS and IOS) specific implementation aspects of the WebGPU backend
+ */
+
+namespace filament::backend {
+
+wgpu::Surface WebGPUPlatform::createSurface(void* nativeWindow, uint64_t /*flags*/) {
+    wgpu::Surface surface = nullptr;
+#if defined(__APPLE__)
+    auto nsView = (__bridge NSView*) nativeWindow;
+    FILAMENT_CHECK_POSTCONDITION(nsView) << "Unable to obtain Metal-backed NSView.";
+    [nsView setWantsLayer:YES];
+    id metalLayer = [CAMetalLayer layer];
+    [nsView setLayer:metalLayer];
+    wgpu::SurfaceSourceMetalLayer surfaceSourceMetalLayer{};
+    surfaceSourceMetalLayer.layer = (__bridge void*) metalLayer;
+    wgpu::SurfaceDescriptor surfaceDescriptor = {
+        .nextInChain = &surfaceSourceMetalLayer,
+        .label = "metal_surface",
+    };
+    surface = mInstance.CreateSurface(&surfaceDescriptor);
+    FILAMENT_CHECK_POSTCONDITION(surface != nullptr) << "Unable to create Metal-backed surface.";
+#elif defined(FILAMENT_IOS)
+    CAMetalLayer* metalLayer = (CAMetalLayer*) nativeWindow;
+    wgpu::SurfaceSourceMetalLayer surfaceSourceMetalLayer{};
+    surfaceSourceMetalLayer.layer = (__bridge void*) metalLayer;
+    wgpu::SurfaceDescriptor surfaceDescriptor = {
+        .nextInChain = &surfaceSourceMetalLayer,
+        .label = "metal_surface",
+    };
+    surface = mInstance.CreateSurface(&surfaceDescriptor);
+    FILAMENT_CHECK_POSTCONDITION(surface != nullptr) << "Unable to create Metal-backed surface.";
+#else
+    #error Not a supported Apple + WebGPU platform
+#endif
+    return surface;
+}
+
+}// namespace filament::backend

filament/backend/src/webgpu/platform/WebGPUPlatformLinux.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2025 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+#include <backend/platforms/WebGPUPlatform.h>
+
+#include <utils/Panic.h>
+
+#include <webgpu/webgpu_cpp.h>
+
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <cstdint>
+
+#if defined(__linux__) || defined(__FreeBSD__)
+    #define LINUX_OR_FREEBSD 1
+#endif
+
+// Platform specific includes and defines
+#if defined(__linux__) && defined(FILAMENT_SUPPORTS_WAYLAND)
+    #include <dlfcn.h>
+    namespace {
+    typedef struct _wl {
+        struct wl_display* display;
+        struct wl_surface* surface;
+        uint32_t width;
+        uint32_t height;
+    } wl;
+    }// namespace
+#elif defined(LINUX_OR_FREEBSD) && defined(FILAMENT_SUPPORTS_X11)
+    // TODO: we should allow for headless on Linux explicitly. Right now this is the headless path
+    // (with no FILAMENT_SUPPORTS_XCB or FILAMENT_SUPPORTS_XLIB).
+    #include <dlfcn.h>
+    #if defined(FILAMENT_SUPPORTS_XCB)
+        #include <xcb/xcb.h>
+        namespace {
+        typedef xcb_connection_t* (*XCB_CONNECT)(const char* displayname, int* screenp);
+        }// namespace
+    #endif
+    #if defined(FILAMENT_SUPPORTS_XLIB)
+        #include <X11/Xlib.h>
+        namespace {
+        typedef Display* (*X11_OPEN_DISPLAY)(const char*);
+        }// namespace
+    #endif
+    static constexpr const char* LIBRARY_X11 = "libX11.so.6";
+    namespace {
+    struct XEnv {
+    #if defined(FILAMENT_SUPPORTS_XCB)
+        XCB_CONNECT xcbConnect;
+        xcb_connection_t* connection;
+    #endif
+    #if defined(FILAMENT_SUPPORTS_XLIB)
+        X11_OPEN_DISPLAY openDisplay;
+        Display* display;
+    #endif
+        void* library = nullptr;
+    } g_x11;
+    }// namespace
+#else
+    #error Not a supported Linux or FeeBSD + WebGPU platform
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * Linux OS specific implementation aspects of the WebGPU Backend
+ */
+
+namespace filament::backend {
+
+wgpu::Surface WebGPUPlatform::createSurface(void* nativeWindow, uint64_t flags) {
+    wgpu::Surface surface = nullptr;
+#if defined(__linux__) && defined(FILAMENT_SUPPORTS_WAYLAND)
+    wl* ptrval = reinterpret_cast<wl*>(nativeWindow);
+    wgpu::SurfaceSourceWaylandSurface surfaceSourceWayland{};
+    surfaceSourceWayland.display = ptrval->display;
+    surfaceSourceWayland.surface = ptrval->surface;
+    wgpu::SurfaceDescriptor surfaceDescriptor{
+        .nextInChain = &surfaceSourceWayland,
+        .label = "linux_wayland_surface"
+    };
+    surface = mInstance.CreateSurface(&surfaceDescriptor);
+    FILAMENT_CHECK_POSTCONDITION(surface != nullptr)
+            << "Unable to create Linux Wayland-backed surface.";
+#elif defined(LINUX_OR_FREEBSD) && defined(FILAMENT_SUPPORTS_X11)
+    if (g_x11.library == nullptr) {
+        g_x11.library = dlopen(LIBRARY_X11, RTLD_LOCAL | RTLD_NOW);
+        FILAMENT_CHECK_PRECONDITION(g_x11.library) << "Unable to open X11 library.";
+        #if defined(FILAMENT_SUPPORTS_XCB)
+            g_x11.xcbConnect = (XCB_CONNECT) dlsym(g_x11.library, "xcb_connect");
+            int screen = 0;
+            g_x11.connection = g_x11.xcbConnect(nullptr, &screen);
+        #endif
+        #if defined(FILAMENT_SUPPORTS_XLIB)
+            g_x11.openDisplay = (X11_OPEN_DISPLAY) dlsym(g_x11.library, "XOpenDisplay");
+            g_x11.display = g_x11.openDisplay(NULL);
+            FILAMENT_CHECK_PRECONDITION(g_x11.display) << "Unable to open X11 display.";
+        #endif
+    }
+    #if defined(FILAMENT_SUPPORTS_XCB) || defined(FILAMENT_SUPPORTS_XLIB)
+        bool useXcb = false;
+    #endif
+    #if defined(FILAMENT_SUPPORTS_XCB)
+        #if defined(FILAMENT_SUPPORTS_XLIB)
+            useXcb = (flags & SWAP_CHAIN_CONFIG_ENABLE_XCB) != 0;
+        #else
+            useXcb = true;
+        #endif
+        if (useXcb) {
+            wgpu::SurfaceSourceXCBWindow surfaceSourceXcb{};
+            surfaceSourceXcb.connection = g_x11.connection;
+            surfaceSourceXcb.window = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t>(nativeWindow);
+            wgpu::SurfaceDescriptor surfaceDescriptor{
+                .nextInChain = &surfaceSourceXcb,
+                .label = "linux_xcb_surface"
+            };
+            surface = mInstance.CreateSurface(&surfaceDescriptor);
+            FILAMENT_CHECK_POSTCONDITION(surface != nullptr)
+                    << "Unable to create Linux (or FreeBSD) XCB-backed surface.";
+        }
+    #endif
+    #if defined(FILAMENT_SUPPORTS_XLIB)
+        if (!useXcb) {
+            wgpu::SurfaceSourceXlibWindow surfaceSourceXlib{};
+            surfaceSourceXlib.display = g_x11.display;
+            surfaceSourceXlib.window = reinterpret_cast<uint64_t>(nativeWindow);
+            wgpu::SurfaceDescriptor surfaceDescriptor{
+                .nextInChain = &surfaceSourceXlib,
+                .label = "linux_xlib_surface"
+            };
+            surface = mInstance.CreateSurface(&surfaceDescriptor);
+            FILAMENT_CHECK_POSTCONDITION(surface != nullptr)
+                    << "Unable to create Linux (or FreeBSD) XLib-backed surface.";
+        }
+    #endif
+    FILAMENT_CHECK_POSTCONDITION(surface != nullptr)
+            << "Cannot create WebGPU X11 surface for Linux (or FreeBSD) OS "
+               "(not built with support for XCB or XLIB?)";
+#elif defined(__linux__)
+    FILAMENT_CHECK_POSTCONDITION(surface != nullptr)
+            << "Cannot create WebGPU surface for Linux (or FreeBSD) OS "
+               "(not built with support for Wayland or X11?)";
+#else
+    FILAMENT_CHECK_POSTCONDITION(surface != nullptr)
+            << "Not a supported (Linux) OS + WebGPU platform";
+#endif
+    return surface;
+}
+
+}// namespace filament::backend

filament/backend/src/webgpu/platform/WebGPUPlatformWindows.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2025 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <backend/platforms/WebGPUPlatform.h>
+
+#include <utils/Panic.h>
+
+#include <webgpu/webgpu_cpp.h>
+
+#include <cstdint>
+
+/**
+ * Windows OS specific implementation aspects of the WebGPU backend
+ */
+
+namespace filament::backend {
+
+wgpu::Surface WebGPUPlatform::createSurface(void* nativeWindow, uint64_t /*flags*/) {
+    // TODO verify this is necessary for Dawn implementation as well:
+    // On (at least) NVIDIA drivers, the Vulkan implementation (specifically the call to
+    // vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceCapabilitiesKHR()) does not correctly handle the fact that
+    // each native window has its own DPI_AWARENESS_CONTEXT, and erroneously uses the context
+    // of the calling thread. As a workaround, we set the current thread's DPI_AWARENESS_CONTEXT
+    // to that of the native window we've been given. This isn't a perfect solution, because an
+    // application could create swap chains on multiple native windows with varying DPI-awareness,
+    // but even then, at least one of the windows would be guaranteed to work correctly.
+    SetThreadDpiAwarenessContext(GetWindowDpiAwarenessContext((HWND) nativeWindow));
+    wgpu::SurfaceSourceWindowsHWND surfaceSourceWin{};
+    surfaceSourceWin.hinstance = GetModuleHandle(nullptr);
+    surfaceSourceWin.hwnd = nativeWindow;
+    wgpu::SurfaceDescriptor surfaceDescriptor{
+        .nextInChain = &surfaceSourceWin,
+        .label = "windows_surface"
+    };
+    wgpu::Surface surface = mInstance.CreateSurface(&surfaceDescriptor);
+    FILAMENT_CHECK_POSTCONDITION(surface != nullptr) << "Unable to create Windows-backed surface.";
+    return surface;
+}
+
+}// namespace filament::backend

filament/include/filament/Texture.h

@@ -106,6 +106,13 @@ public:
     /** @return Whether a combination of texture format, pixel format and type is valid. */
     static bool validatePixelFormatAndType(InternalFormat internalFormat, Format format, Type type) noexcept;
 
+    /** @return the maximum size in texels of a texture of type \p type. At least 2048 for
+     * 2D textures, 256 for 3D textures. */
+    static size_t getMaxTextureSize(Engine& engine, Sampler type) noexcept;
+
+    /** @return the maximum number of layers supported by texture arrays. At least 256. */
+    static size_t getMaxArrayTextureLayers(Engine& engine) noexcept;
+
     /**
      * Options for environment prefiltering into reflection map
      *

filament/src/Texture.cpp

@@ -108,4 +108,12 @@ bool Texture::validatePixelFormatAndType(InternalFormat internalFormat, Format f
     return FTexture::validatePixelFormatAndType(internalFormat, format, type);
 }
 
+size_t Texture::getMaxTextureSize(Engine& engine, Sampler type) noexcept {
+    return FTexture::getMaxTextureSize(downcast(engine), type);
+
+}
+size_t Texture::getMaxArrayTextureLayers(Engine& engine) noexcept {
+    return FTexture::getMaxArrayTextureLayers(downcast(engine));
+}
+
 } // namespace filament

filament/src/details/Texture.cpp

@@ -164,6 +164,20 @@ Texture* Texture::Builder::build(Engine& engine) {
             (isProtectedTexturesSupported && useProtectedMemory) || !useProtectedMemory)
             << "Texture is PROTECTED but protected textures are not supported";
 
+    size_t const maxTextureDimension = getMaxTextureSize(engine, mImpl->mTarget);
+    size_t const maxTextureDepth = (mImpl->mTarget == Sampler::SAMPLER_2D_ARRAY ||
+                                    mImpl->mTarget == Sampler::SAMPLER_CUBEMAP_ARRAY)
+                                       ? getMaxArrayTextureLayers(engine)
+                                       : maxTextureDimension;
+
+    FILAMENT_CHECK_PRECONDITION(
+            mImpl->mWidth <= maxTextureDimension &&
+            mImpl->mHeight <= maxTextureDimension &&
+            mImpl->mDepth <= maxTextureDepth) << "Texture dimensions out of range: "
+                    << "width= " << mImpl->mWidth << " (>" << maxTextureDimension << ")"
+                    <<", height= " << mImpl->mHeight << " (>" << maxTextureDimension << ")"
+                    << ", depth= " << mImpl->mDepth << " (>" << maxTextureDepth << ")";
+
     const auto validateSamplerType = [&engine = downcast(engine)](SamplerType const sampler) -> bool {
         switch (sampler) {
             case SamplerType::SAMPLER_2D:
@@ -672,6 +686,14 @@ bool FTexture::isTextureSwizzleSupported(FEngine& engine) noexcept {
     return engine.getDriverApi().isTextureSwizzleSupported();
 }
 
+size_t FTexture::getMaxTextureSize(FEngine& engine, Sampler type) noexcept {
+    return engine.getDriverApi().getMaxTextureSize(type);
+}
+
+size_t FTexture::getMaxArrayTextureLayers(FEngine& engine) noexcept {
+    return engine.getDriverApi().getMaxArrayTextureLayers();
+}
+
 size_t FTexture::computeTextureDataSize(Format const format, Type const type,
         size_t const stride, size_t const height, size_t const alignment) noexcept {
     return PixelBufferDescriptor::computeDataSize(format, type, stride, height, alignment);

filament/src/details/Texture.h

@@ -124,6 +124,10 @@ public:
     static bool validatePixelFormatAndType(backend::TextureFormat internalFormat,
             backend::PixelDataFormat format, backend::PixelDataType type) noexcept;
 
+    static size_t getMaxTextureSize(FEngine& engine, Sampler type) noexcept;
+
+    static size_t getMaxArrayTextureLayers(FEngine& engine) noexcept;
+
     bool textureHandleCanMutate() const noexcept;
     void updateLodRange(uint8_t level) noexcept;
 

filament/src/materials/colorGrading/colorGradingAsSubpass.mat

@@ -78,6 +78,10 @@ fragment {
 void dummy(){}
 
 vec4 resolveFragment() {
+#ifdef TARGET_WEBGPU_ENVIRONMENT
+    //WebGPU Can not handle subpasses.
+    return vec4(0,0,0,1);
+#else
 #if POST_PROCESS_OPAQUE
     return vec4(subpassLoad(materialParams_colorBuffer).rgb, 1.0);
 #else
@@ -85,6 +89,7 @@ vec4 resolveFragment() {
     color.rgb *= 1.0 / (color.a + FLT_EPS);
     return color;
 #endif
+#endif
 }
 
 void postProcess(inout PostProcessInputs postProcess) {

filament/src/materials/colorGrading/customResolveAsSubpass.mat

@@ -39,11 +39,16 @@ fragment {
     void dummy(){}
 
 vec4 resolveFragment() {
+#ifdef TARGET_WEBGPU_ENVIRONMENT
+    //WebGPU Can not handle subpasses.
+    return vec4(0,0,0,1);
+#else
 #if POST_PROCESS_OPAQUE
     return vec4(subpassLoad(materialParams_colorBuffer).rgb, 1.0);
 #else
     return subpassLoad(materialParams_colorBuffer);
 #endif
+#endif
 }
 
 void postProcess(inout PostProcessInputs postProcess) {

libs/filamat/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -144,6 +144,12 @@ set(FILAMAT_LIB_NAME ${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY_PREFIX}filamat${CMAKE_STATIC_LIBRARY
 install(FILES "${FILAMAT_COMBINED_OUTPUT}" DESTINATION lib/${DIST_DIR} RENAME ${FILAMAT_LIB_NAME})
 install(DIRECTORY ${PUBLIC_HDR_DIR}/filamat DESTINATION include)
 
+# Need to install libtint for filamat on Android.
+# See libs/filamat/CMakeLists.txt and android/filamat-android/CMakeLists.txt.
+if (ANDROID)
+   target_link_libraries(${TARGET} libtint_combined)
+endif()
+
 # ==================================================================================================
 # Tests
 # ==================================================================================================

libs/filamat/src/GLSLPostProcessor.cpp

@@ -518,8 +518,13 @@ void GLSLPostProcessor::spirvToMsl(const SpirvBlob* spirv, std::string* outMsl,
     }
 }
 
-bool GLSLPostProcessor::spirvToWgsl(const SpirvBlob *spirv, std::string *outWsl) {
+bool GLSLPostProcessor::spirvToWgsl(SpirvBlob *spirv, std::string *outWsl) {
 #if FILAMENT_SUPPORTS_WEBGPU
+    // We need to remove dead code for our variant-filter workaround for WebGPU to work
+    // This is especially relevant for removing the push constants that morphing uses when not disabled
+    spv::spirvbin_t remapper(0);
+    remapper.remap(*spirv, spv::spirvbin_base_t::DCE_ALL);
+
     //Currently no options we want to use
     const tint::spirv::reader::Options readerOpts{};
     tint::wgsl::writer::Options writerOpts{};
@@ -530,6 +535,7 @@ bool GLSLPostProcessor::spirvToWgsl(const SpirvBlob *spirv, std::string *outWsl)
         //TODO remove this if block once combined image sampler conversion works.
         if (tintRead.Diagnostics().Str().rfind("error: WGSL does not support combined image-samplers") != std::string::npos) {
             slog.w << "This tint reader error is currently ignored during WebGPU bringup: " << tintRead.Diagnostics().Str() << io::endl;
+            return false;
         }
         else {
             slog.e << "Tint Reader Error: " << tintRead.Diagnostics().Str() << io::endl;
@@ -914,6 +920,10 @@ std::shared_ptr<spvtools::Optimizer> GLSLPostProcessor::createOptimizer(
         optimizer->RegisterPass(CreateRedundancyEliminationPass());
         optimizer->RegisterPass(CreateAggressiveDCEPass());
     }
+    if (config.targetApi == MaterialBuilder::TargetApi::WEBGPU) {
+        optimizer->RegisterPass(CreateSplitCombinedImageSamplerPass());
+        optimizer->RegisterPass(CreateResolveBindingConflictsPass());
+    }
 
     return optimizer;
 }

libs/filamat/src/GLSLPostProcessor.h

@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ public:
             bool useFramebufferFetch, const DescriptorSets& descriptorSets,
             const ShaderMinifier* minifier);
 
-    static bool spirvToWgsl(const SpirvBlob* spirv, std::string* outWsl);
+    static bool spirvToWgsl(SpirvBlob* spirv, std::string* outWsl);
 
 private:
     struct InternalConfig {

libs/filamat/src/shaders/CodeGenerator.cpp

@@ -178,6 +178,7 @@ utils::io::sstream& CodeGenerator::generateCommonProlog(utils::io::sstream& out,
             //For now, no differences so inherit the same changes.
             // TODO Define a separte environment, OR relevant checks
             out << "#define TARGET_VULKAN_ENVIRONMENT\n";
+            out << "#define TARGET_WEBGPU_ENVIRONMENT\n";
             break;
         case TargetApi::ALL:
             // invalid should never happen

libs/filamat/src/shaders/ShaderGenerator.cpp

@@ -796,8 +796,10 @@ std::string ShaderGenerator::createPostProcessFragmentProgram(ShaderModel sm,
 
     cg.generateCommonSamplers(fs, DescriptorSetBindingPoints::PER_MATERIAL, material.sib);
 
-    // subpass
-    CodeGenerator::generatePostProcessSubpass(fs, material.subpass);
+    // Subpasses are not yet in WebGPU, https://github.com/gpuweb/gpuweb/issues/435
+    CodeGenerator::generatePostProcessSubpass(fs, targetApi == MaterialBuilderBase::TargetApi::WEBGPU
+                                                      ? SubpassInfo{}
+                                                      : material.subpass);
 
     CodeGenerator::generatePostProcessCommon(fs, ShaderStage::FRAGMENT);
     CodeGenerator::generatePostProcessGetters(fs, ShaderStage::FRAGMENT);

samples/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ set(MATERIAL_SRCS
         materials/aiDefaultMat.mat
         materials/bakedColor.mat
         materials/bakedTexture.mat
-        materials/pointSprites.mat
         materials/aoPreview.mat
         materials/arrayTexture.mat
         materials/groundShadow.mat
@@ -42,6 +41,12 @@ set(MATERIAL_SRCS
         materials/texturedLit.mat
 )
 
+# Tint does not support setting gl_PointSize, disable the relevant sample if using WebGPU
+# https://github.com/gpuweb/gpuweb/issues/1190
+if (NOT FILAMENT_SUPPORTS_WEBGPU)
+    set(MATERIAL_SRCS ${MATERIAL_SRCS} materials/pointSprites.mat)
+endif ()
+
 if (CMAKE_CROSSCOMPILING)
     include(${IMPORT_EXECUTABLES})
 endif()
@@ -240,6 +245,20 @@ function(add_demo NAME)
     endif()
 endfunction()
 
+function(add_demo_plain NAME)
+    include_directories(${GENERATION_ROOT})
+    add_executable(${NAME} ${NAME}.cpp)
+    target_compile_options(${NAME} PRIVATE ${COMPILER_FLAGS})
+    set_target_properties(${NAME} PROPERTIES FOLDER Samples)
+
+    # This is needed after XCode 15.3
+    if (APPLE)
+        set_target_properties(${NAME} PROPERTIES BUILD_WITH_INSTALL_RPATH TRUE)
+        set_target_properties(${NAME} PROPERTIES INSTALL_RPATH /usr/local/lib)
+    endif()
+endfunction()
+
+
 if (NOT ANDROID)
     add_demo(animation)
     add_demo(depthtesting)
@@ -258,7 +277,11 @@ if (NOT ANDROID)
     add_demo(lightbulb)
     add_demo(material_sandbox)
     add_demo(multiple_windows)
-    add_demo(point_sprites)
+    # Tint does not support setting gl_PointSize, disable the relevant sample if using WebGPU
+    # https://github.com/gpuweb/gpuweb/issues/1190
+    if (NOT FILAMENT_SUPPORTS_WEBGPU)
+        add_demo(point_sprites)
+    endif ()
     add_demo(rendertarget)
     add_demo(sample_cloth)
     add_demo(sample_full_pbr)
@@ -271,6 +294,9 @@ if (NOT ANDROID)
     add_demo(vbotest)
     add_demo(viewtest)
 
+    add_demo_plain(spirv_test)
+    target_link_libraries(spirv_test PRIVATE SPIRV-Headers utils)
+
     # Sample app specific
     target_link_libraries(frame_generator PRIVATE imageio)
     target_link_libraries(gltf_viewer PRIVATE gltf-demo-resources uberarchive gltfio viewer)

samples/hellotriangle.cpp

@@ -77,7 +77,11 @@ static void printUsage(char* name) {
             "   --help, -h\n"
             "       Prints this message\n\n"
             "   --api, -a\n"
-            "       Specify the backend API: opengl, vulkan, or metal\n"
+            "       Specify the backend API: opengl, vulkan, metal, or webgpu\n"
+            "       (note: webgpu is a no-op for now, printing backend\n"
+            "        component info if FILAMENT_BACKEND_DEBUG_FLAG, \n"
+            "        set at build time, includes the \n"
+            "        FWGPU_PRINT_SYSTEM bit flag 0x2)\n"
     );
     const std::string from("HELLOTRIANGLE");
     for (size_t pos = usage.find(from); pos != std::string::npos; pos = usage.find(from, pos)) {
@@ -109,8 +113,11 @@ static int handleCommandLineArguments(int argc, char* argv[], App* app) {
                     app->config.backend = Engine::Backend::VULKAN;
                 } else if (arg == "metal") {
                     app->config.backend = Engine::Backend::METAL;
+                } else if (arg == "webgpu") {
+                    app->config.backend = Engine::Backend::WEBGPU;
                 } else {
-                    std::cerr << "Unrecognized backend. Must be 'opengl'|'vulkan'|'metal'.\n";
+                    std::cerr << "Unrecognized backend. Must be "
+                                 "'opengl'|'vulkan'|'metal'|'webgpu'.\n";
                     exit(1);
                 }
                 break;

samples/spirv_test.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+#include "spirv/unified1/spirv.hpp"
+#include <utils/Log.h>
+
+#include <functional>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <vector>
+#include <unordered_map>
+
+size_t getFileSize(const std::string& filename) {
+    std::ifstream file(filename, std::ios::binary | std::ios::ate);
+    if (!file.is_open()) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+    size_t size = file.tellg();
+    file.close();
+    return size;
+}
+
+std::vector<uint32_t> transform(std::vector<uint32_t> const& spirv) {
+    constexpr size_t HEADER_SIZE = 5;
+    size_t const dataSize = spirv.size();
+    std::vector<uint32_t> output;
+    output.resize(dataSize);
+    uint32_t const* data = (uint32_t*) spirv.data();
+    uint32_t* outputData = output.data();
+    memcpy(&outputData[0], &data[0], HEADER_SIZE * 4);
+
+    struct Descriptor {
+        uint32_t binding = 0xFFFFFFFF;
+        uint32_t set = 0xFFFFFFFF;
+        bool fixed = false;
+    };
+
+    std::unordered_map<uint32_t, Descriptor> descriptors;
+    auto getDesc = [&](uint32_t var) -> Descriptor& {
+        using itertype = std::unordered_map<uint32_t, Descriptor>::iterator;
+        itertype itr;
+        if (itr = descriptors.find(var); itr == descriptors.end()) {
+            itr = descriptors.insert({var, {}}).first;
+        }
+        return itr->second;
+    };
+
+    auto pass = [&](uint32_t targetOp, std::function<void(uint32_t, uint32_t)> f) {
+        for (uint32_t cursor = HEADER_SIZE, cursorEnd = dataSize; cursor < cursorEnd;) {
+            uint32_t const firstWord = data[cursor];
+            uint32_t const wordCount = firstWord >> 16;
+            uint32_t const op = firstWord & 0x0000FFFF;
+            if (targetOp == op) {
+                f(wordCount-1, cursor+1);
+            }
+            cursor += wordCount;
+        }
+    };
+
+    uint32_t samplerTypeId = 0;
+    uint32_t imageTypeId = 0;
+
+    // First we find the ID used to identify the sampler type and the image type.
+    pass(spv::Op::OpTypeSampler, [&](uint32_t count, uint32_t pos) {
+        samplerTypeId = data[pos];
+    });
+
+    pass(spv::Op::OpTypeImage, [&](uint32_t count, uint32_t pos) {
+        imageTypeId = data[pos];
+    });
+
+    // Next we identify all the descriptors and record their set id and binding.
+    pass(spv::Op::OpDecorate, [&](uint32_t count, uint32_t pos) {
+        uint32_t const type = data[pos + 1];
+        if (type == spv::Decoration::DecorationBinding) {
+            uint32_t const targetVar = data[pos];
+            uint32_t const binding = data[pos + 2];
+            auto& desc = getDesc(targetVar);
+            desc.binding = binding;
+            // Note these decorations do not need to be written to the output.
+        } else if (type == spv::Decoration::DecorationDescriptorSet) {
+            uint32_t const targetVar = data[pos];
+            uint32_t const set = data[pos + 2];
+            auto& desc = getDesc(targetVar);
+            desc.set = set;
+        }
+    });
+
+    // If any descriptor is loaded to be a sampler, we offset it by a fixed amount. Note that it
+    // could be "loaded" multiple times, so we use a boolean to skip if it's already offsetted.
+    constexpr uint32_t SAMPLER_BINDING_OFFSET = 100;
+    pass(spv::Op::OpLoad, [&](uint32_t count, uint32_t pos) {
+        uint32_t const retType = data[pos];
+        uint32_t const targetVar = data[pos + 2];
+        if (retType == samplerTypeId) {
+            auto& desc = getDesc(targetVar);
+            if (!desc.fixed) {
+                desc.binding += SAMPLER_BINDING_OFFSET;
+                desc.fixed = true;
+            }
+        }
+    });
+
+    // Write out the offsetted bindings and copy the rest.
+    for (uint32_t cursor = HEADER_SIZE, cursorEnd = dataSize; cursor < cursorEnd;) {
+        uint32_t const firstWord = data[cursor];
+        uint32_t const wordCount = firstWord >> 16;
+        uint32_t const op = firstWord & 0x0000FFFF;
+
+        uint32_t* out = &outputData[cursor];
+        std::memcpy(out, &data[cursor], wordCount * 4);
+
+        if (op == spv::Op::OpDecorate && data[cursor + 2] == spv::Decoration::DecorationBinding) {
+            uint32_t const targetVar = data[cursor + 1];
+            auto const& modified = getDesc(targetVar);
+            out[3] = modified.binding;
+        }
+        cursor += wordCount;
+    }
+
+    // Note that you should be able to do this in-place (without making another vector).
+    return output;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
+    if (argc < 3) {
+        utils::slog.e <<"need input and output spirv filenames" << utils::io::endl;
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    std::string infname {argv[1]};
+    size_t const fsize = getFileSize(infname);
+    size_t const wordCount = fsize / 4;
+
+    std::ifstream inputFile(infname, std::ios::binary);
+
+    std::vector<uint32_t> words;
+    words.resize(wordCount);
+    inputFile.read((char*) words.data(), fsize);
+    inputFile.close();
+
+    std::string outfname {argv[2]};
+    std::vector<uint32_t> output = transform(words);
+    std::ofstream outputFile(outfname, std::ios::binary);
+    outputFile.write((char const*) output.data(), output.size() * 4);
+    outputFile.close();
+
+    return 0;
+}

third_party/dawn/tnt/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -12,7 +12,59 @@ set(DAWN_ABSEIL_DIR ${EXTERNAL}/abseil)
 set(DAWN_SPIRV_TOOLS_DIR ${EXTERNAL}/spirv-tools/)
 set(DAWN_SPIRV_HEADERS_DIR ${EXTERNAL}/spirv-headers)
 set(DAWN_GLSLANG_DIR ${EXTERNAL}/glslang/)
-if(IS_HOST_PLATFORM)
+set(DAWN_DXC_ENABLE_ASSERTS_IN_NDEBUG OFF)
+
+#set(TINT_BUILD_CMD_TOOLS OFF)
+
+if (FILAMENT_BUILD_FILAMAT)
     set(TINT_BUILD_SPV_READER ON)
 endif ()
-add_subdirectory(../  ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/third_party/dawn)
+
+add_subdirectory(../  ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/third_party/dawn)
+
+# Need to install libtint for filamat on Android.
+# See third_party/dawn/tnt/CMakeLists.txt and android/filamat-android/CMakeLists.txt.
+if (ANDROID AND FILAMENT_BUILD_FILAMAT)
+    set(COMBINED_TARGET libtint_combined)
+    set(COMBINED_OUTPUT "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/${COMBINED_TARGET}.a")
+
+    # TODO: maybe use this target in place of libtint in filamat proper. (it's smaller)
+    set(LIBTINT_DEPS
+        tint_lang_core
+        tint_lang_core_constant
+        tint_lang_core_intrinsic
+        tint_lang_core_type
+        tint_lang_spirv_reader
+        tint_lang_spirv_reader_ast_lower
+        tint_lang_spirv_reader_ast_parser
+        tint_lang_spirv_reader_common
+        tint_lang_spirv_writer
+        tint_lang_wgsl
+        tint_lang_wgsl_ast
+        tint_lang_wgsl_ast_transform
+        tint_lang_wgsl_features
+        tint_lang_wgsl_intrinsic
+        tint_lang_wgsl_program
+        tint_lang_wgsl_resolver
+        tint_lang_wgsl_sem
+        tint_lang_wgsl_writer
+        tint_lang_wgsl_writer_ast_printer
+        tint_results
+        tint_utils
+        tint_utils_diagnostic
+        tint_utils_ice
+        tint_utils_result
+        tint_utils_rtti
+        tint_utils_strconv
+        tint_utils_symbol
+        tint_utils_text
+    )
+
+    # Use the following no-op definitions to introduce a library and its dependency.
+    add_library(${COMBINED_TARGET} STATIC dummy.cpp)
+    target_link_libraries(${COMBINED_TARGET} PRIVATE
+        ${LIBTINT_DEPS}
+    )
+    combine_static_libs(${COMBINED_TARGET} "${COMBINED_OUTPUT}" "${LIBTINT_DEPS}")
+    install(FILES "${COMBINED_OUTPUT}" DESTINATION lib/${DIST_DIR})
+endif()

third_party/libgtest/BUILD.bazel

@@ -30,15 +30,44 @@
 #
 #   Bazel Build for Google C++ Testing Framework(Google Test)
 
-load("@rules_cc//cc:defs.bzl", "cc_library", "cc_test")
-
 package(default_visibility = ["//visibility:public"])
 
 licenses(["notice"])
 
+exports_files(["LICENSE"])
+
+config_setting(
+    name = "qnx",
+    constraint_values = ["@platforms//os:qnx"],
+)
+
 config_setting(
     name = "windows",
-    constraint_values = ["@bazel_tools//platforms:windows"],
+    constraint_values = ["@platforms//os:windows"],
+)
+
+config_setting(
+    name = "freebsd",
+    constraint_values = ["@platforms//os:freebsd"],
+)
+
+config_setting(
+    name = "openbsd",
+    constraint_values = ["@platforms//os:openbsd"],
+)
+
+# NOTE: Fuchsia is not an officially supported platform.
+config_setting(
+    name = "fuchsia",
+    constraint_values = ["@platforms//os:fuchsia"],
+)
+
+config_setting(
+    name = "msvc_compiler",
+    flag_values = {
+        "@bazel_tools//tools/cpp:compiler": "msvc-cl",
+    },
+    visibility = [":__subpackages__"],
 )
 
 config_setting(
@@ -54,6 +83,10 @@ cc_library(
 )
 
 # Google Test including Google Mock
+
+# For an actual test, use `gtest` and also `gtest_main` if you depend on gtest's
+# main(). For a library, use `gtest_for_library` instead if the library can be
+# testonly.
 cc_library(
     name = "gtest",
     srcs = glob(
@@ -76,6 +109,7 @@ cc_library(
         "googlemock/include/gmock/*.h",
     ]),
     copts = select({
+        ":qnx": [],
         ":windows": [],
         "//conditions:default": ["-pthread"],
     }),
@@ -94,22 +128,59 @@ cc_library(
         "googletest/include",
     ],
     linkopts = select({
+        ":qnx": ["-lregex"],
         ":windows": [],
+        ":freebsd": [
+            "-lm",
+            "-pthread",
+        ],
+        ":openbsd": [
+            "-lm",
+            "-pthread",
+        ],
         "//conditions:default": ["-pthread"],
     }),
     deps = select({
         ":has_absl": [
-            "@com_google_absl//absl/debugging:failure_signal_handler",
-            "@com_google_absl//absl/debugging:stacktrace",
-            "@com_google_absl//absl/debugging:symbolize",
-            "@com_google_absl//absl/strings",
-            "@com_google_absl//absl/types:optional",
-            "@com_google_absl//absl/types:variant",
+            "@abseil-cpp//absl/container:flat_hash_set",
+            "@abseil-cpp//absl/debugging:failure_signal_handler",
+            "@abseil-cpp//absl/debugging:stacktrace",
+            "@abseil-cpp//absl/debugging:symbolize",
+            "@abseil-cpp//absl/flags:flag",
+            "@abseil-cpp//absl/flags:parse",
+            "@abseil-cpp//absl/flags:reflection",
+            "@abseil-cpp//absl/flags:usage",
+            "@abseil-cpp//absl/strings",
+            "@abseil-cpp//absl/types:any",
+            "@abseil-cpp//absl/types:optional",
+            "@abseil-cpp//absl/types:variant",
+            "@re2//:re2",
+        ],
+        "//conditions:default": [],
+    }) + select({
+        # `gtest-death-test.cc` has `EXPECT_DEATH` that spawns a process,
+        # expects it to crash and inspects its logs with the given matcher,
+        # so that's why these libraries are needed.
+        # Otherwise, builds targeting Fuchsia would fail to compile.
+        ":fuchsia": [
+            "@fuchsia_sdk//pkg/fdio",
+            "@fuchsia_sdk//pkg/syslog",
+            "@fuchsia_sdk//pkg/zx",
         ],
         "//conditions:default": [],
     }),
 )
 
+# `gtest`, but testonly. See guidance on `gtest` for when to use this.
+alias(
+    name = "gtest_for_library",
+    actual = ":gtest",
+    testonly = True,
+)
+
+# Implements main() for tests using gtest. Prefer to depend on `gtest` as well
+# to ensure compliance with the layering_check Bazel feature where only the
+# direct hdrs values are available.
 cc_library(
     name = "gtest_main",
     srcs = ["googlemock/src/gmock_main.cc"],

third_party/libgtest/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,23 +1,13 @@
 # Note: CMake support is community-based. The maintainers do not use CMake
 # internally.
 
-cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8.8)
-
-if (POLICY CMP0048)
-  cmake_policy(SET CMP0048 NEW)
-endif (POLICY CMP0048)
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.16)
 
 project(googletest-distribution)
-set(GOOGLETEST_VERSION 1.9.0)
+set(GOOGLETEST_VERSION 1.16.0)
 
-if (CMAKE_VERSION VERSION_LESS "3.1")
-  add_definitions(-std=c++11)
-else()
-  set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)
-  set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
-  if(NOT CYGWIN)
-    set(CMAKE_CXX_EXTENSIONS OFF)
-  endif()
+if(NOT CYGWIN AND NOT MSYS AND NOT ${CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME} STREQUAL QNX)
+  set(CMAKE_CXX_EXTENSIONS OFF)
 endif()
 
 enable_testing()
@@ -25,9 +15,19 @@ enable_testing()
 include(CMakeDependentOption)
 include(GNUInstallDirs)
 
-#Note that googlemock target already builds googletest
+# Note that googlemock target already builds googletest.
 option(BUILD_GMOCK "Builds the googlemock subproject" ON)
 option(INSTALL_GTEST "Enable installation of googletest. (Projects embedding googletest may want to turn this OFF.)" ON)
+option(GTEST_HAS_ABSL "Use Abseil and RE2. Requires Abseil and RE2 to be separately added to the build." OFF)
+
+if(GTEST_HAS_ABSL)
+  if(NOT TARGET absl::base)
+    find_package(absl REQUIRED)
+  endif()
+  if(NOT TARGET re2::re2)
+    find_package(re2 REQUIRED)
+  endif()
+endif()
 
 if(BUILD_GMOCK)
   add_subdirectory( googlemock )

third_party/libgtest/CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -21,14 +21,14 @@ accept your pull requests.
 
 ## Are you a Googler?
 
-If you are a Googler, please make an attempt to submit an internal change rather
-than a GitHub Pull Request. If you are not able to submit an internal change a
+If you are a Googler, please make an attempt to submit an internal contribution
+rather than a GitHub Pull Request. If you are not able to submit internally, a
 PR is acceptable as an alternative.
 
 ## Contributing A Patch
 
 1.  Submit an issue describing your proposed change to the
-    [issue tracker](https://github.com/google/googletest).
+    [issue tracker](https://github.com/google/googletest/issues).
 2.  Please don't mix more than one logical change per submittal, because it
     makes the history hard to follow. If you want to make a change that doesn't
     have a corresponding issue in the issue tracker, please create one.
@@ -36,7 +36,8 @@ PR is acceptable as an alternative.
     This ensures that work isn't being duplicated and communicating your plan
     early also generally leads to better patches.
 4.  If your proposed change is accepted, and you haven't already done so, sign a
-    Contributor License Agreement (see details above).
+    Contributor License Agreement
+    ([see details above](#contributor-license-agreements)).
 5.  Fork the desired repo, develop and test your code changes.
 6.  Ensure that your code adheres to the existing style in the sample to which
     you are contributing.
@@ -46,11 +47,11 @@ PR is acceptable as an alternative.
 ## The Google Test and Google Mock Communities
 
 The Google Test community exists primarily through the
-[discussion group](http://groups.google.com/group/googletestframework) and the
+[discussion group](https://groups.google.com/group/googletestframework) and the
 GitHub repository. Likewise, the Google Mock community exists primarily through
-their own [discussion group](http://groups.google.com/group/googlemock). You are
-definitely encouraged to contribute to the discussion and you can also help us
-to keep the effectiveness of the group high by following and promoting the
+their own [discussion group](https://groups.google.com/group/googlemock). You
+are definitely encouraged to contribute to the discussion and you can also help
+us to keep the effectiveness of the group high by following and promoting the
 guidelines listed here.
 
 ### Please Be Friendly
@@ -79,17 +80,17 @@ fairly rigid coding style, as defined by the
 [google-styleguide](https://github.com/google/styleguide) project. All patches
 will be expected to conform to the style outlined
 [here](https://google.github.io/styleguide/cppguide.html). Use
-[.clang-format](https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/.clang-format)
-to check your formatting
+[.clang-format](https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/main/.clang-format) to
+check your formatting.
 
 ## Requirements for Contributors
 
 If you plan to contribute a patch, you need to build Google Test, Google Mock,
 and their own tests from a git checkout, which has further requirements:
 
-*   [Python](https://www.python.org/) v2.3 or newer (for running some of the
+*   [Python](https://www.python.org/) v3.6 or newer (for running some of the
     tests and re-generating certain source files from templates)
-*   [CMake](https://cmake.org/) v2.6.4 or newer
+*   [CMake](https://cmake.org/) v2.8.12 or newer
 
 ## Developing Google Test and Google Mock
 
@@ -101,42 +102,40 @@ To make sure your changes work as intended and don't break existing
 functionality, you'll want to compile and run Google Test and GoogleMock's own
 tests. For that you can use CMake:
 
-    mkdir mybuild
-    cd mybuild
-    cmake -Dgtest_build_tests=ON -Dgmock_build_tests=ON ${GTEST_REPO_DIR}
+```
+mkdir mybuild
+cd mybuild
+cmake -Dgtest_build_tests=ON -Dgmock_build_tests=ON ${GTEST_REPO_DIR}
+```
 
 To choose between building only Google Test or Google Mock, you may modify your
 cmake command to be one of each
 
-    cmake -Dgtest_build_tests=ON ${GTEST_DIR} # sets up Google Test tests
-    cmake -Dgmock_build_tests=ON ${GMOCK_DIR} # sets up Google Mock tests
+```
+cmake -Dgtest_build_tests=ON ${GTEST_DIR} # sets up Google Test tests
+cmake -Dgmock_build_tests=ON ${GMOCK_DIR} # sets up Google Mock tests
+```
 
 Make sure you have Python installed, as some of Google Test's tests are written
 in Python. If the cmake command complains about not being able to find Python
 (`Could NOT find PythonInterp (missing: PYTHON_EXECUTABLE)`), try telling it
 explicitly where your Python executable can be found:
 
-    cmake -DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=path/to/python ...
+```
+cmake -DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=path/to/python ...
+```
 
 Next, you can build Google Test and / or Google Mock and all desired tests. On
 \*nix, this is usually done by
 
-    make
+```
+make
+```
 
 To run the tests, do
 
-    make test
+```
+make test
+```
 
 All tests should pass.
-
-### Regenerating Source Files
-
-Some of Google Test's source files are generated from templates (not in the C++
-sense) using a script. For example, the file
-include/gtest/internal/gtest-type-util.h.pump is used to generate
-gtest-type-util.h in the same directory.
-
-You don't need to worry about regenerating the source files unless you need to
-modify them. You would then modify the corresponding `.pump` files and run the
-'[pump.py](googletest/scripts/pump.py)' generator script. See the
-[Pump Manual](googletest/docs/pump_manual.md).

third_party/libgtest/CONTRIBUTORS

@@ -5,33 +5,62 @@
 
 Ajay Joshi <jaj@google.com>
 Balázs Dán <balazs.dan@gmail.com>
+Benoit Sigoure <tsuna@google.com>
 Bharat Mediratta <bharat@menalto.com>
+Bogdan Piloca <boo@google.com>
 Chandler Carruth <chandlerc@google.com>
 Chris Prince <cprince@google.com>
 Chris Taylor <taylorc@google.com>
 Dan Egnor <egnor@google.com>
+Dave MacLachlan <dmaclach@gmail.com>
+David Anderson <danderson@google.com>
+Dean Sturtevant
 Eric Roman <eroman@chromium.org>
+Gene Volovich <gv@cite.com>
 Hady Zalek <hady.zalek@gmail.com>
+Hal Burch <gmock@hburch.com>
 Jeffrey Yasskin <jyasskin@google.com>
+Jim Keller <jimkeller@google.com>
+Joe Walnes <joe@truemesh.com>
+Jon Wray <jwray@google.com>
 Jói Sigurðsson <joi@google.com>
 Keir Mierle <mierle@gmail.com>
 Keith Ray <keith.ray@gmail.com>
 Kenton Varda <kenton@google.com>
+Kostya Serebryany <kcc@google.com>
+Krystian Kuzniarek <krystian.kuzniarek@gmail.com>
+Lev Makhlis
 Manuel Klimek <klimek@google.com>
+Mario Tanev <radix@google.com>
+Mark Paskin
 Markus Heule <markus.heule@gmail.com>
+Martijn Vels <mvels@google.com>
+Matthew Simmons <simmonmt@acm.org>
 Mika Raento <mikie@iki.fi>
+Mike Bland <mbland@google.com>
 Miklós Fazekas <mfazekas@szemafor.com>
+Neal Norwitz <nnorwitz@gmail.com>
+Nermin Ozkiranartli <nermin@google.com>
+Owen Carlsen <ocarlsen@google.com>
+Paneendra Ba <paneendra@google.com>
 Pasi Valminen <pasi.valminen@gmail.com>
 Patrick Hanna <phanna@google.com>
 Patrick Riley <pfr@google.com>
+Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
 Peter Kaminski <piotrk@google.com>
+Piotr Kaminski <piotrk@google.com>
 Preston Jackson <preston.a.jackson@gmail.com>
 Rainer Klaffenboeck <rainer.klaffenboeck@dynatrace.com>
 Russ Cox <rsc@google.com>
 Russ Rufer <russ@pentad.com>
 Sean Mcafee <eefacm@gmail.com>
 Sigurður Ásgeirsson <siggi@google.com>
+Soyeon Kim <sxshx818@naver.com>
+Sverre Sundsdal <sundsdal@gmail.com>
+Szymon Sobik <sobik.szymon@gmail.com>
+Takeshi Yoshino <tyoshino@google.com>
 Tracy Bialik <tracy@pentad.com>
 Vadim Berman <vadimb@google.com>
 Vlad Losev <vladl@google.com>
+Wolfgang Klier <wklier@google.com>
 Zhanyong Wan <wan@google.com>

third_party/libgtest/MODULE.bazel

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-# Copyright 2017 Google Inc.
+# Copyright 2024 Google Inc.
 # All Rights Reserved.
 #
 #
@@ -29,21 +28,49 @@
 # (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 # OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 
-set -eu
+# https://bazel.build/external/overview#bzlmod
 
-if [ "${TRAVIS_OS_NAME}" != linux ]; then
-    echo "Not a Linux build; skipping installation"
-    exit 0
-fi
+module(
+    name = "googletest",
+    version = "head",
+    compatibility_level = 1,
+)
 
+# Only direct dependencies need to be listed below.
+# Please keep the versions in sync with the versions in the WORKSPACE file.
 
-if [ "${TRAVIS_SUDO}" = "true" ]; then
-    echo "deb [arch=amd64] http://storage.googleapis.com/bazel-apt stable jdk1.8" | \
-        sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/bazel.list
-    curl https://bazel.build/bazel-release.pub.gpg | sudo apt-key add -
-    sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y bazel gcc-4.9 g++-4.9 clang-3.9
-elif [ "${CXX}" = "clang++" ]; then
-    # Use ccache, assuming $HOME/bin is in the path, which is true in the Travis build environment.
-    ln -sf /usr/bin/ccache $HOME/bin/${CXX};
-    ln -sf /usr/bin/ccache $HOME/bin/${CC};
-fi
+bazel_dep(
+    name = "abseil-cpp",
+    version = "20250127.0",
+)
+bazel_dep(
+    name = "platforms",
+    version = "0.0.10",
+)
+bazel_dep(
+    name = "re2",
+    version = "2024-07-02",
+)
+
+bazel_dep(
+    name = "rules_python",
+    version = "1.1.0",
+    dev_dependency = True,
+)
+
+# https://rules-python.readthedocs.io/en/stable/toolchains.html#library-modules-with-dev-only-python-usage
+python = use_extension(
+    "@rules_python//python/extensions:python.bzl",
+    "python",
+    dev_dependency = True,
+)
+python.toolchain(
+    ignore_root_user_error = True,
+    is_default = True,
+    python_version = "3.12",
+)
+
+# See fake_fuchsia_sdk.bzl for instructions on how to override this with a real SDK, if needed.
+fuchsia_sdk = use_extension("//:fake_fuchsia_sdk.bzl", "fuchsia_sdk")
+fuchsia_sdk.create_fake()
+use_repo(fuchsia_sdk, "fuchsia_sdk")

third_party/libgtest/README.md

@@ -1,93 +1,110 @@
-# Google Test
+# GoogleTest
 
-#### Announcement:
+### Announcements
 
-Please note that Sept 13 - Sept 20 most of the maintainers will be attending
-CppCon 2019. Our response time for Pull Requests and Issues will increase.
+#### Live at Head
 
-#### OSS Builds Status:
+GoogleTest now follows the
+[Abseil Live at Head philosophy](https://abseil.io/about/philosophy#upgrade-support).
+We recommend
+[updating to the latest commit in the `main` branch as often as possible](https://github.com/abseil/abseil-cpp/blob/master/FAQ.md#what-is-live-at-head-and-how-do-i-do-it).
+We do publish occasional semantic versions, tagged with
+`v${major}.${minor}.${patch}` (e.g. `v1.16.0`).
 
-[![Build Status](https://api.travis-ci.org/google/googletest.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/google/googletest)
-[![Build status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/4o38plt0xbo1ubc8/branch/master?svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/GoogleTestAppVeyor/googletest/branch/master)
+#### Documentation Updates
 
-### Future Plans
+Our documentation is now live on GitHub Pages at
+https://google.github.io/googletest/. We recommend browsing the documentation on
+GitHub Pages rather than directly in the repository.
 
-#### 1.8.x Release:
+#### Release 1.16.0
 
-[the 1.8.x](https://github.com/google/googletest/releases/tag/release-1.8.1) is
-the last release that works with pre-C++11 compilers. The 1.8.x will not accept
-any requests for any new features and any bugfix requests will only be accepted
-if proven "critical"
+[Release 1.16.0](https://github.com/google/googletest/releases/tag/v1.16.0) is
+now available.
 
-#### Post 1.8.x:
+The 1.16.x branch requires at least C++14.
 
-On-going work to improve/cleanup/pay technical debt. When this work is completed
-there will be a 1.9.x tagged release
+The 1.16.x branch will be the last to support C++14. Future development will
+[require at least C++17](https://opensource.google/documentation/policies/cplusplus-support#c_language_standard).
 
-#### Post 1.9.x
+#### Continuous Integration
 
-Post 1.9.x googletest will follow
-[Abseil Live at Head philosophy](https://abseil.io/about/philosophy)
+We use Google's internal systems for continuous integration.
 
-## Welcome to **Google Test**, Google's C++ test framework!
+#### Coming Soon
+
+*   We are planning to take a dependency on
+    [Abseil](https://github.com/abseil/abseil-cpp).
+
+## Welcome to **GoogleTest**, Google's C++ test framework!
 
 This repository is a merger of the formerly separate GoogleTest and GoogleMock
 projects. These were so closely related that it makes sense to maintain and
 release them together.
 
-Please subscribe to the mailing list at googletestframework@googlegroups.com for
-questions, discussions, and development.
+### Getting Started
 
-### Getting started:
+See the [GoogleTest User's Guide](https://google.github.io/googletest/) for
+documentation. We recommend starting with the
+[GoogleTest Primer](https://google.github.io/googletest/primer.html).
 
-The information for **Google Test** is available in the
-[Google Test Primer](googletest/docs/primer.md) documentation.
-
-**Google Mock** is an extension to Google Test for writing and using C++ mock
-classes. See the separate [Google Mock documentation](googlemock/README.md).
-
-More detailed documentation for googletest is in its interior
-[googletest/README.md](googletest/README.md) file.
+More information about building GoogleTest can be found at
+[googletest/README.md](googletest/README.md).
 
 ## Features
 
-*   An [xUnit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XUnit) test framework.
-*   Test discovery.
-*   A rich set of assertions.
-*   User-defined assertions.
-*   Death tests.
-*   Fatal and non-fatal failures.
-*   Value-parameterized tests.
-*   Type-parameterized tests.
-*   Various options for running the tests.
-*   XML test report generation.
+*   xUnit test framework: \
+    Googletest is based on the [xUnit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XUnit)
+    testing framework, a popular architecture for unit testing
+*   Test discovery: \
+    Googletest automatically discovers and runs your tests, eliminating the need
+    to manually register your tests
+*   Rich set of assertions: \
+    Googletest provides a variety of assertions, such as equality, inequality,
+    exceptions, and more, making it easy to test your code
+*   User-defined assertions: \
+    You can define your own assertions with Googletest, making it simple to
+    write tests that are specific to your code
+*   Death tests: \
+    Googletest supports death tests, which verify that your code exits in a
+    certain way, making it useful for testing error-handling code
+*   Fatal and non-fatal failures: \
+    You can specify whether a test failure should be treated as fatal or
+    non-fatal with Googletest, allowing tests to continue running even if a
+    failure occurs
+*   Value-parameterized tests: \
+    Googletest supports value-parameterized tests, which run multiple times with
+    different input values, making it useful for testing functions that take
+    different inputs
+*   Type-parameterized tests: \
+    Googletest also supports type-parameterized tests, which run with different
+    data types, making it useful for testing functions that work with different
+    data types
+*   Various options for running tests: \
+    Googletest provides many options for running tests including running
+    individual tests, running tests in a specific order and running tests in
+    parallel
 
-## Platforms
+## Supported Platforms
 
-Google test has been used on a variety of platforms:
+GoogleTest follows Google's
+[Foundational C++ Support Policy](https://opensource.google/documentation/policies/cplusplus-support).
+See
+[this table](https://github.com/google/oss-policies-info/blob/main/foundational-cxx-support-matrix.md)
+for a list of currently supported versions of compilers, platforms, and build
+tools.
 
-*   Linux
-*   Mac OS X
-*   Windows
-*   Cygwin
-*   MinGW
-*   Windows Mobile
-*   Symbian
-*   PlatformIO
+## Who Is Using GoogleTest?
 
-## Who Is Using Google Test?
-
-In addition to many internal projects at Google, Google Test is also used by the
+In addition to many internal projects at Google, GoogleTest is also used by the
 following notable projects:
 
-*   The [Chromium projects](http://www.chromium.org/) (behind the Chrome browser
-    and Chrome OS).
-*   The [LLVM](http://llvm.org/) compiler.
+*   The [Chromium projects](https://www.chromium.org/) (behind the Chrome
+    browser and Chrome OS).
+*   The [LLVM](https://llvm.org/) compiler.
 *   [Protocol Buffers](https://github.com/google/protobuf), Google's data
     interchange format.
-*   The [OpenCV](http://opencv.org/) computer vision library.
-*   [tiny-dnn](https://github.com/tiny-dnn/tiny-dnn): header only,
-    dependency-free deep learning framework in C++11.
+*   The [OpenCV](https://opencv.org/) computer vision library.
 
 ## Related Open Source Projects
 
@@ -95,13 +112,13 @@ following notable projects:
 automated test-runner and Graphical User Interface with powerful features for
 Windows and Linux platforms.
 
-[Google Test UI](https://github.com/ospector/gtest-gbar) is test runner that
+[GoogleTest UI](https://github.com/ospector/gtest-gbar) is a test runner that
 runs your test binary, allows you to track its progress via a progress bar, and
-displays a list of test failures. Clicking on one shows failure text. Google
-Test UI is written in C#.
+displays a list of test failures. Clicking on one shows failure text. GoogleTest
+UI is written in C#.
 
 [GTest TAP Listener](https://github.com/kinow/gtest-tap-listener) is an event
-listener for Google Test that implements the
+listener for GoogleTest that implements the
 [TAP protocol](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_Anything_Protocol) for test
 result output. If your test runner understands TAP, you may find it useful.
 
@@ -109,31 +126,20 @@ result output. If your test runner understands TAP, you may find it useful.
 runs tests from your binary in parallel to provide significant speed-up.
 
 [GoogleTest Adapter](https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=DavidSchuldenfrei.gtest-adapter)
-is a VS Code extension allowing to view Google Tests in a tree view, and
-run/debug your tests.
+is a VS Code extension allowing to view GoogleTest in a tree view and run/debug
+your tests.
 
-## Requirements
+[C++ TestMate](https://github.com/matepek/vscode-catch2-test-adapter) is a VS
+Code extension allowing to view GoogleTest in a tree view and run/debug your
+tests.
 
-Google Test is designed to have fairly minimal requirements to build and use
-with your projects, but there are some. If you notice any problems on your
-platform, please notify
-[googletestframework@googlegroups.com](https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/googletestframework).
-Patches for fixing them are welcome!
+[Cornichon](https://pypi.org/project/cornichon/) is a small Gherkin DSL parser
+that generates stub code for GoogleTest.
 
-### Build Requirements
+## Contributing Changes
 
-These are the base requirements to build and use Google Test from a source
-package:
-
-*   [Bazel](https://bazel.build/) or [CMake](https://cmake.org/). NOTE: Bazel is
-    the build system that googletest is using internally and tests against.
-    CMake is community-supported.
-
-*   a C++11-standard-compliant compiler
-
-## Contributing change
-
-Please read the [`CONTRIBUTING.md`](CONTRIBUTING.md) for details on how to
-contribute to this project.
+Please read
+[`CONTRIBUTING.md`](https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md)
+for details on how to contribute to this project.
 
 Happy testing!

third_party/libgtest/WORKSPACE

@@ -1,23 +1,61 @@
-workspace(name = "com_google_googletest")
+# Copyright 2024 Google Inc.
+# All Rights Reserved.
+#
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+workspace(name = "googletest")
+
+load("//:googletest_deps.bzl", "googletest_deps")
+googletest_deps()
 
 load("@bazel_tools//tools/build_defs/repo:http.bzl", "http_archive")
 
-# Abseil
-http_archive(
-     name = "com_google_absl",
-     urls = ["https://github.com/abseil/abseil-cpp/archive/master.zip"],
-     strip_prefix = "abseil-cpp-master",
-)
-
-http_archive(
-    name = "rules_cc",
-    strip_prefix = "rules_cc-master",
-    urls = ["https://github.com/bazelbuild/rules_cc/archive/master.zip"],
-)
-
 http_archive(
     name = "rules_python",
-    strip_prefix = "rules_python-master",
-    urls = ["https://github.com/bazelbuild/rules_python/archive/master.zip"],
+    sha256 = "9c6e26911a79fbf510a8f06d8eedb40f412023cf7fa6d1461def27116bff022c",
+    strip_prefix = "rules_python-1.1.0",
+    url = "https://github.com/bazelbuild/rules_python/releases/download/1.1.0/rules_python-1.1.0.tar.gz",
+)
+# https://github.com/bazelbuild/rules_python/releases/tag/1.1.0
+load("@rules_python//python:repositories.bzl", "py_repositories")
+py_repositories()
+
+http_archive(
+  name = "bazel_skylib",
+  sha256 = "cd55a062e763b9349921f0f5db8c3933288dc8ba4f76dd9416aac68acee3cb94",
+  urls = ["https://github.com/bazelbuild/bazel-skylib/releases/download/1.5.0/bazel-skylib-1.5.0.tar.gz"],
 )
 
+http_archive(
+    name = "platforms",
+    urls = [
+        "https://mirror.bazel.build/github.com/bazelbuild/platforms/releases/download/0.0.10/platforms-0.0.10.tar.gz",
+        "https://github.com/bazelbuild/platforms/releases/download/0.0.10/platforms-0.0.10.tar.gz",
+    ],
+    sha256 = "218efe8ee736d26a3572663b374a253c012b716d8af0c07e842e82f238a0a7ee",
+)

third_party/libgtest/WORKSPACE.bzlmod

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-# Copyright 2017 Google Inc.
+# Copyright 2024 Google Inc.
 # All Rights Reserved.
 #
 #
@@ -29,12 +28,8 @@
 # (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 # OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 
-set -eu
-
-if [ "${TRAVIS_OS_NAME}" != "osx" ]; then
-    echo "Not a macOS build; skipping installation"
-    exit 0
-fi
-
-brew update
-brew install ccache gcc@4.9
+# https://bazel.build/external/migration#workspace.bzlmod
+#
+# This file is intentionally empty. When bzlmod is enabled and this
+# file exists, the content of WORKSPACE is ignored. This prevents
+# bzlmod builds from unintentionally depending on the WORKSPACE file.

third_party/libgtest/appveyor.yml

@@ -1,154 +0,0 @@
-version: '{build}'
-
-os: Visual Studio 2015
-
-environment:
-  matrix:
-    - compiler: msvc-15-seh
-      generator: "Visual Studio 15 2017"
-      build_system: cmake
-      APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2017
-
-    - compiler: msvc-15-seh
-      generator: "Visual Studio 15 2017 Win64"
-      build_system: cmake
-      APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2017
-      enabled_on_pr: yes
-
-    - compiler: msvc-15-seh
-      build_system: bazel
-      APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2017
-      enabled_on_pr: yes
-
-    - compiler: msvc-14-seh
-      build_system: cmake
-      generator: "Visual Studio 14 2015"
-      enabled_on_pr: yes
-
-    - compiler: msvc-14-seh
-      build_system: cmake
-      generator: "Visual Studio 14 2015 Win64"
-
-    - compiler: gcc-6.3.0-posix
-      build_system: cmake
-      generator: "MinGW Makefiles"
-      cxx_path: 'C:\mingw-w64\i686-6.3.0-posix-dwarf-rt_v5-rev1\mingw32\bin'
-      enabled_on_pr: yes
-
-configuration:
-  - Debug
-
-build:
-  verbosity: minimal
-
-install:
-- ps: |
-    Write-Output "Compiler: $env:compiler"
-    Write-Output "Generator: $env:generator"
-    Write-Output "Env:Configuation: $env:configuration"
-    Write-Output "Env: $env"
-    if (-not (Test-Path env:APPVEYOR_PULL_REQUEST_NUMBER)) {
-      Write-Output "This is *NOT* a pull request build"
-    } else {
-      Write-Output "This is a pull request build"
-      if (-not (Test-Path env:enabled_on_pr) -or $env:enabled_on_pr -ne "yes") {
-        Write-Output "PR builds are *NOT* explicitly enabled"
-      }
-    }
-
-    # install Bazel
-    if ($env:build_system -eq "bazel") {
-        appveyor DownloadFile https://github.com/bazelbuild/bazel/releases/download/0.28.1/bazel-0.28.1-windows-x86_64.exe -FileName bazel.exe
-    }
-
-    if ($env:build_system -eq "cmake") {
-        # git bash conflicts with MinGW makefiles
-        if ($env:generator -eq "MinGW Makefiles") {
-            $env:path = $env:path.replace("C:\Program Files\Git\usr\bin;", "")
-            if ($env:cxx_path -ne "") {
-                $env:path += ";$env:cxx_path"
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-before_build:
-- ps: |
-     $env:root=$env:APPVEYOR_BUILD_FOLDER
-     Write-Output "env:root: $env:root"
-
-build_script:
-- ps: |
-    # Only enable some builds for pull requests, the AppVeyor queue is too long.
-    if ((Test-Path env:APPVEYOR_PULL_REQUEST_NUMBER) -And (-not (Test-Path env:enabled_on_pr) -or $env:enabled_on_pr -ne "yes")) {
-      return
-    } else {
-        # special case - build with Bazel
-        if ($env:build_system -eq "bazel") {
-            & $env:root\bazel.exe build -c opt //:gtest_samples
-            if ($LastExitCode -eq 0) { # bazel writes to StdErr and PowerShell interprets it as an error
-                $host.SetShouldExit(0)
-            } else { # a real error
-                throw "Exec: $ErrorMessage"
-            }
-            return
-        }
-    }
-    # by default build with CMake
-    md _build -Force | Out-Null
-    cd _build
-
-    $conf = if ($env:generator -eq "MinGW Makefiles") {"-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=$env:configuration"} else {"-DCMAKE_CONFIGURATION_TYPES=Debug;Release"}
-    # Disable test for MinGW (gtest tests fail, gmock tests can not build)
-    $gtest_build_tests = if ($env:generator -eq "MinGW Makefiles") {"-Dgtest_build_tests=OFF"} else {"-Dgtest_build_tests=ON"}
-    $gmock_build_tests = if ($env:generator -eq "MinGW Makefiles") {"-Dgmock_build_tests=OFF"} else {"-Dgmock_build_tests=ON"}
-    & cmake -G "$env:generator" $conf -Dgtest_build_samples=ON $gtest_build_tests $gmock_build_tests ..
-    if ($LastExitCode -ne 0) {
-        throw "Exec: $ErrorMessage"
-    }
-    $cmake_parallel = if ($env:generator -eq "MinGW Makefiles") {"-j2"} else  {"/m"}
-    & cmake --build . --config $env:configuration -- $cmake_parallel
-    if ($LastExitCode -ne 0) {
-        throw "Exec: $ErrorMessage"
-    }
-
-
-skip_commits:
-  files:
-    - '**/*.md'
-
-test_script:
-- ps: |
-    # Only enable some builds for pull requests, the AppVeyor queue is too long.
-    if ((Test-Path env:APPVEYOR_PULL_REQUEST_NUMBER) -And (-not (Test-Path env:enabled_on_pr) -or $env:enabled_on_pr -ne "yes")) {
-      return
-    }
-    if ($env:build_system -eq "bazel") {
-        # special case - testing with Bazel
-        & $env:root\bazel.exe test //:gtest_samples
-        if ($LastExitCode -eq 0) { # bazel writes to StdErr and PowerShell interprets it as an error
-            $host.SetShouldExit(0)
-        } else { # a real error
-            throw "Exec: $ErrorMessage"
-        }
-    }
-    if ($env:build_system -eq "cmake") {
-        # built with CMake - test with CTest
-        if ($env:generator -eq "MinGW Makefiles") {
-            return # No test available for MinGW
-        }
-
-        & ctest -C $env:configuration --timeout 600 --output-on-failure
-        if ($LastExitCode -ne 0) {
-            throw "Exec: $ErrorMessage"
-        }
-    }
-
-artifacts:
-  - path: '_build/CMakeFiles/*.log'
-    name: logs
-  - path: '_build/Testing/**/*.xml'
-    name: test_results
-  - path: 'bazel-testlogs/**/test.log'
-    name: test_logs
-  - path: 'bazel-testlogs/**/test.xml'
-    name: test_results

third_party/libgtest/ci/build-linux-bazel.sh

@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-# Copyright 2017 Google Inc.
-# All Rights Reserved.
-#
-#
-# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
-# met:
-#
-#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
-# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
-# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
-# distribution.
-#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
-# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
-# this software without specific prior written permission.
-#
-# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
-# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
-# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
-# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
-# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
-# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
-# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
-# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
-# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-
-set -e
-
-bazel version
-bazel build --curses=no //...:all
-bazel test --curses=no //...:all
-bazel test --curses=no //...:all --define absl=1

third_party/libgtest/ci/build-platformio.sh

@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-# run PlatformIO builds
-platformio run

third_party/libgtest/ci/env-linux.sh

@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-# Copyright 2017 Google Inc.
-# All Rights Reserved.
-#
-#
-# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
-# met:
-#
-#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
-# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
-# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
-# distribution.
-#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
-# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
-# this software without specific prior written permission.
-#
-# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
-# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
-# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
-# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
-# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
-# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
-# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
-# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
-# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-
-#
-# This file should be sourced, and not executed as a standalone script.
-#
-
-# TODO() - we can check if this is being sourced using $BASH_VERSION and $BASH_SOURCE[0] != ${0}.
-
-if [ "${TRAVIS_OS_NAME}" = "linux" ]; then
-    if [ "$CXX" = "g++" ]; then export CXX="g++-4.9" CC="gcc-4.9"; fi
-    if [ "$CXX" = "clang++" ]; then export CXX="clang++-3.9" CC="clang-3.9"; fi
-fi

third_party/libgtest/ci/get-nprocessors.sh

@@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-# Copyright 2017 Google Inc.
-# All Rights Reserved.
-#
-#
-# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
-# met:
-#
-#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
-# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
-# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
-# distribution.
-#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
-# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
-# this software without specific prior written permission.
-#
-# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
-# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
-# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
-# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
-# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
-# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
-# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
-# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
-# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-
-# This file is typically sourced by another script.
-# if possible, ask for the precise number of processors,
-# otherwise take 2 processors as reasonable default; see
-# https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/speeding-up-the-build/#Makefile-optimization
-if [ -x /usr/bin/getconf ]; then
-    NPROCESSORS=$(/usr/bin/getconf _NPROCESSORS_ONLN)
-else
-    NPROCESSORS=2
-fi
-
-# as of 2017-09-04 Travis CI reports 32 processors, but GCC build
-# crashes if parallelized too much (maybe memory consumption problem),
-# so limit to 4 processors for the time being.
-if [ $NPROCESSORS -gt 4 ] ; then
-	echo "$0:Note: Limiting processors to use by make from $NPROCESSORS to 4."
-	NPROCESSORS=4
-fi

third_party/libgtest/ci/install-platformio.sh

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-# install PlatformIO
-sudo pip install -U platformio
-
-# update PlatformIO
-platformio update

third_party/libgtest/ci/linux-presubmit.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#
+# Copyright 2020, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+set -euox pipefail
+
+readonly LINUX_LATEST_CONTAINER="gcr.io/google.com/absl-177019/linux_hybrid-latest:20241218"
+readonly LINUX_GCC_FLOOR_CONTAINER="gcr.io/google.com/absl-177019/linux_gcc-floor:20250205"
+
+if [[ -z ${GTEST_ROOT:-} ]]; then
+  GTEST_ROOT="$(realpath $(dirname ${0})/..)"
+fi
+
+if [[ -z ${STD:-} ]]; then
+  STD="c++17 c++20"
+fi
+
+# Test CMake + GCC
+for cmake_off_on in OFF ON; do
+  time docker run \
+    --volume="${GTEST_ROOT}:/src:ro" \
+    --tmpfs="/build:exec" \
+    --workdir="/build" \
+    --rm \
+    --env="CC=/usr/local/bin/gcc" \
+    --env=CXXFLAGS="-Werror -Wdeprecated" \
+    ${LINUX_LATEST_CONTAINER} \
+    /bin/bash -c "
+      cmake /src \
+        -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=17 \
+        -Dgtest_build_samples=ON \
+        -Dgtest_build_tests=ON \
+        -Dgmock_build_tests=ON \
+        -Dcxx_no_exception=${cmake_off_on} \
+        -Dcxx_no_rtti=${cmake_off_on} && \
+      make -j$(nproc) && \
+      ctest -j$(nproc) --output-on-failure"
+done
+
+# Test CMake + Clang
+for cmake_off_on in OFF ON; do
+  time docker run \
+    --volume="${GTEST_ROOT}:/src:ro" \
+    --tmpfs="/build:exec" \
+    --workdir="/build" \
+    --rm \
+    --env="CC=/opt/llvm/clang/bin/clang" \
+    --env=CXXFLAGS="-Werror -Wdeprecated --gcc-toolchain=/usr/local" \
+    ${LINUX_LATEST_CONTAINER} \
+    /bin/bash -c "
+      cmake /src \
+        -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=17 \
+        -Dgtest_build_samples=ON \
+        -Dgtest_build_tests=ON \
+        -Dgmock_build_tests=ON \
+        -Dcxx_no_exception=${cmake_off_on} \
+        -Dcxx_no_rtti=${cmake_off_on} && \
+      make -j$(nproc) && \
+      ctest -j$(nproc) --output-on-failure"
+done
+
+# Do one test with an older version of GCC
+time docker run \
+  --volume="${GTEST_ROOT}:/src:ro" \
+  --workdir="/src" \
+  --rm \
+  --env="CC=/usr/local/bin/gcc" \
+  --env="BAZEL_CXXOPTS=-std=c++17" \
+  ${LINUX_GCC_FLOOR_CONTAINER} \
+    /usr/local/bin/bazel test ... \
+      --copt="-Wall" \
+      --copt="-Werror" \
+      --copt="-Wuninitialized" \
+      --copt="-Wundef" \
+      --copt="-Wno-error=pragmas" \
+      --enable_bzlmod=false \
+      --features=external_include_paths \
+      --keep_going \
+      --show_timestamps \
+      --test_output=errors
+
+# Test GCC
+for std in ${STD}; do
+  for absl in 0 1; do
+    time docker run \
+      --volume="${GTEST_ROOT}:/src:ro" \
+      --workdir="/src" \
+      --rm \
+      --env="CC=/usr/local/bin/gcc" \
+      --env="BAZEL_CXXOPTS=-std=${std}" \
+      ${LINUX_LATEST_CONTAINER} \
+      /usr/local/bin/bazel test ... \
+        --copt="-Wall" \
+        --copt="-Werror" \
+        --copt="-Wuninitialized" \
+        --copt="-Wundef" \
+        --define="absl=${absl}" \
+        --enable_bzlmod=true \
+        --features=external_include_paths \
+        --keep_going \
+        --show_timestamps \
+        --test_output=errors
+  done
+done
+
+# Test Clang
+for std in ${STD}; do
+  for absl in 0 1; do
+    time docker run \
+      --volume="${GTEST_ROOT}:/src:ro" \
+      --workdir="/src" \
+      --rm \
+      --env="CC=/opt/llvm/clang/bin/clang" \
+      --env="BAZEL_CXXOPTS=-std=${std}" \
+      ${LINUX_LATEST_CONTAINER} \
+      /usr/local/bin/bazel test ... \
+        --copt="--gcc-toolchain=/usr/local" \
+        --copt="-Wall" \
+        --copt="-Werror" \
+        --copt="-Wuninitialized" \
+        --copt="-Wundef" \
+        --define="absl=${absl}" \
+        --enable_bzlmod=true \
+        --features=external_include_paths \
+        --keep_going \
+        --linkopt="--gcc-toolchain=/usr/local" \
+        --show_timestamps \
+        --test_output=errors
+  done
+done

third_party/libgtest/ci/macos-presubmit.sh

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python
+#!/bin/bash
 #
-# Copyright 2009, Google Inc.
+# Copyright 2020, Google Inc.
 # All rights reserved.
 #
 # Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
@@ -29,50 +29,52 @@
 # (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 # OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 
-"""upload_gmock.py v0.1.0 -- uploads a Google Mock patch for review.
+set -euox pipefail
 
-This simple wrapper passes all command line flags and
---cc=googlemock@googlegroups.com to upload.py.
+# Use Xcode 16.0
+sudo xcode-select -s /Applications/Xcode_16.0.app/Contents/Developer
 
-USAGE: upload_gmock.py [options for upload.py]
-"""
+if [[ -z ${GTEST_ROOT:-} ]]; then
+  GTEST_ROOT="$(realpath $(dirname ${0})/..)"
+fi
 
-__author__ = 'wan@google.com (Zhanyong Wan)'
+# Test the CMake build
+for cmake_off_on in OFF ON; do
+  BUILD_DIR=$(mktemp -d build_dir.XXXXXXXX)
+  cd ${BUILD_DIR}
+  time cmake ${GTEST_ROOT} \
+    -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=17 \
+    -Dgtest_build_samples=ON \
+    -Dgtest_build_tests=ON \
+    -Dgmock_build_tests=ON \
+    -Dcxx_no_exception=${cmake_off_on} \
+    -Dcxx_no_rtti=${cmake_off_on}
+  time make -j$(nproc)
+  time ctest -j$(nproc) --output-on-failure
+done
 
-import os
-import sys
+# Test the Bazel build
 
-CC_FLAG = '--cc='
-GMOCK_GROUP = 'googlemock@googlegroups.com'
+# If we are running on Kokoro, check for a versioned Bazel binary.
+KOKORO_GFILE_BAZEL_BIN="bazel-8.0.0-darwin-x86_64"
+if [[ ${KOKORO_GFILE_DIR:-} ]] && [[ -f ${KOKORO_GFILE_DIR}/${KOKORO_GFILE_BAZEL_BIN} ]]; then
+  BAZEL_BIN="${KOKORO_GFILE_DIR}/${KOKORO_GFILE_BAZEL_BIN}"
+  chmod +x ${BAZEL_BIN}
+else
+  BAZEL_BIN="bazel"
+fi
 
-
-def main():
-  # Finds the path to upload.py, assuming it is in the same directory
-  # as this file.
-  my_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
-  upload_py_path = os.path.join(my_dir, 'upload.py')
-
-  # Adds Google Mock discussion group to the cc line if it's not there
-  # already.
-  upload_py_argv = [upload_py_path]
-  found_cc_flag = False
-  for arg in sys.argv[1:]:
-    if arg.startswith(CC_FLAG):
-      found_cc_flag = True
-      cc_line = arg[len(CC_FLAG):]
-      cc_list = [addr for addr in cc_line.split(',') if addr]
-      if GMOCK_GROUP not in cc_list:
-        cc_list.append(GMOCK_GROUP)
-      upload_py_argv.append(CC_FLAG + ','.join(cc_list))
-    else:
-      upload_py_argv.append(arg)
-
-  if not found_cc_flag:
-    upload_py_argv.append(CC_FLAG + GMOCK_GROUP)
-
-  # Invokes upload.py with the modified command line flags.
-  os.execv(upload_py_path, upload_py_argv)
-
-
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-  main()
+cd ${GTEST_ROOT}
+for absl in 0 1; do
+  ${BAZEL_BIN} test ... \
+    --copt="-Wall" \
+    --copt="-Werror" \
+    --copt="-Wundef" \
+    --cxxopt="-std=c++17" \
+    --define="absl=${absl}" \
+    --enable_bzlmod=true \
+    --features=external_include_paths \
+    --keep_going \
+    --show_timestamps \
+    --test_output=errors
+done

third_party/libgtest/ci/travis.sh

@@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env sh
-set -evx
-
-. ci/get-nprocessors.sh
-
-# if possible, ask for the precise number of processors,
-# otherwise take 2 processors as reasonable default; see
-# https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/speeding-up-the-build/#Makefile-optimization
-if [ -x /usr/bin/getconf ]; then
-    NPROCESSORS=$(/usr/bin/getconf _NPROCESSORS_ONLN)
-else
-    NPROCESSORS=2
-fi
-# as of 2017-09-04 Travis CI reports 32 processors, but GCC build
-# crashes if parallelized too much (maybe memory consumption problem),
-# so limit to 4 processors for the time being.
-if [ $NPROCESSORS -gt 4 ] ; then
-	echo "$0:Note: Limiting processors to use by make from $NPROCESSORS to 4."
-	NPROCESSORS=4
-fi
-# Tell make to use the processors. No preceding '-' required.
-MAKEFLAGS="j${NPROCESSORS}"
-export MAKEFLAGS
-
-env | sort
-
-# Set default values to OFF for these variables if not specified.
-: "${NO_EXCEPTION:=OFF}"
-: "${NO_RTTI:=OFF}"
-: "${COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX:=OFF}"
-
-mkdir build || true
-cd build
-cmake -Dgtest_build_samples=ON \
-      -Dgtest_build_tests=ON \
-      -Dgmock_build_tests=ON \
-      -Dcxx_no_exception=$NO_EXCEPTION \
-      -Dcxx_no_rtti=$NO_RTTI \
-      -DCMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX=$COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX \
-      -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS=$CXX_FLAGS \
-      -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=$BUILD_TYPE \
-      ..
-make
-CTEST_OUTPUT_ON_FAILURE=1 make test

third_party/libgtest/ci/windows-presubmit.bat

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+SETLOCAL ENABLEDELAYEDEXPANSION
+
+SET BAZEL_EXE=%KOKORO_GFILE_DIR%\bazel-8.0.0-windows-x86_64.exe
+
+SET PATH=C:\Python34;%PATH%
+SET BAZEL_PYTHON=C:\python34\python.exe
+SET BAZEL_SH=C:\tools\msys64\usr\bin\bash.exe
+SET CMAKE_BIN="cmake.exe"
+SET CTEST_BIN="ctest.exe"
+SET CTEST_OUTPUT_ON_FAILURE=1
+SET CMAKE_BUILD_PARALLEL_LEVEL=16
+SET CTEST_PARALLEL_LEVEL=16
+
+SET GTEST_ROOT=%~dp0\..
+IF %errorlevel% neq 0 EXIT /B 1
+
+:: ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+:: CMake
+SET CMAKE_BUILD_PATH=cmake_msvc2022
+MKDIR %CMAKE_BUILD_PATH%
+CD %CMAKE_BUILD_PATH%
+
+%CMAKE_BIN% %GTEST_ROOT% ^
+  -G "Visual Studio 17 2022" ^
+  -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=17 ^
+  -DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE:FILEPATH=c:\python37\python.exe ^
+  -DPYTHON_INCLUDE_DIR:PATH=c:\python37\include ^
+  -DPYTHON_LIBRARY:FILEPATH=c:\python37\lib\site-packages\pip ^
+  -Dgtest_build_samples=ON ^
+  -Dgtest_build_tests=ON ^
+  -Dgmock_build_tests=ON
+IF %errorlevel% neq 0 EXIT /B 1
+
+%CMAKE_BIN% --build . --target ALL_BUILD --config Debug -- -maxcpucount
+IF %errorlevel% neq 0 EXIT /B 1
+
+%CTEST_BIN% -C Debug --timeout 600
+IF %errorlevel% neq 0 EXIT /B 1
+
+CD %GTEST_ROOT%
+RMDIR /S /Q %CMAKE_BUILD_PATH%
+
+:: ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+:: Bazel
+
+:: The default home directory on Kokoro is a long path which causes errors
+:: because of Windows limitations on path length.
+:: --output_user_root=C:\tmp causes Bazel to use a shorter path.
+SET BAZEL_VS=C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Community
+
+:: C++17
+%BAZEL_EXE% ^
+  --output_user_root=C:\tmp ^
+  test ... ^
+  --compilation_mode=dbg ^
+  --copt=/std:c++17 ^
+  --copt=/WX ^
+  --enable_bzlmod=true ^
+  --keep_going ^
+  --test_output=errors ^
+  --test_tag_filters=-no_test_msvc2017
+IF %errorlevel% neq 0 EXIT /B 1
+
+:: C++20
+%BAZEL_EXE% ^
+  --output_user_root=C:\tmp ^
+  test ... ^
+  --compilation_mode=dbg ^
+  --copt=/std:c++20 ^
+  --copt=/WX ^
+  --enable_bzlmod=true ^
+  --keep_going ^
+  --test_output=errors ^
+  --test_tag_filters=-no_test_msvc2017
+IF %errorlevel% neq 0 EXIT /B 1

third_party/libgtest/docs/_config.yml

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+title: GoogleTest

third_party/libgtest/docs/_data/navigation.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+nav:
+- section: "Get Started"
+  items:
+  - title: "Supported Platforms"
+    url: "/platforms.html"
+  - title: "Quickstart: Bazel"
+    url: "/quickstart-bazel.html"
+  - title: "Quickstart: CMake"
+    url: "/quickstart-cmake.html"
+- section: "Guides"
+  items:
+  - title: "GoogleTest Primer"
+    url: "/primer.html"
+  - title: "Advanced Topics"
+    url: "/advanced.html"
+  - title: "Mocking for Dummies"
+    url: "/gmock_for_dummies.html"
+  - title: "Mocking Cookbook"
+    url: "/gmock_cook_book.html"
+  - title: "Mocking Cheat Sheet"
+    url: "/gmock_cheat_sheet.html"
+- section: "References"
+  items:
+  - title: "Testing Reference"
+    url: "/reference/testing.html"
+  - title: "Mocking Reference"
+    url: "/reference/mocking.html"
+  - title: "Assertions"
+    url: "/reference/assertions.html"
+  - title: "Matchers"
+    url: "/reference/matchers.html"
+  - title: "Actions"
+    url: "/reference/actions.html"
+  - title: "Testing FAQ"
+    url: "/faq.html"
+  - title: "Mocking FAQ"
+    url: "/gmock_faq.html"
+  - title: "Code Samples"
+    url: "/samples.html"
+  - title: "Using pkg-config"
+    url: "/pkgconfig.html"
+  - title: "Community Documentation"
+    url: "/community_created_documentation.html"

third_party/libgtest/docs/_layouts/default.html

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="{{ site.lang | default: "en-US" }}">
+  <head>
+    <meta charset="UTF-8">
+    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
+    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
+
+{% seo %}
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ "/assets/css/style.css?v=" | append: site.github.build_revision | relative_url }}">
+    <script>
+      window.ga=window.ga||function(){(ga.q=ga.q||[]).push(arguments)};ga.l=+new Date;
+      ga('create', 'UA-197576187-1', { 'storage': 'none' });
+      ga('set', 'referrer', document.referrer.split('?')[0]);
+      ga('set', 'location', window.location.href.split('?')[0]);
+      ga('set', 'anonymizeIp', true);
+      ga('send', 'pageview');
+    </script>
+    <script async src='https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js'></script>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <div class="sidebar">
+      <div class="header">
+        <h1><a href="{{ "/" | relative_url }}">{{ site.title | default: "Documentation" }}</a></h1>
+      </div>
+      <input type="checkbox" id="nav-toggle" class="nav-toggle">
+      <label for="nav-toggle" class="expander">
+        <span class="arrow"></span>
+      </label>
+      <nav>
+        {% for item in site.data.navigation.nav %}
+        <h2>{{ item.section }}</h2>
+        <ul>
+          {% for subitem in item.items %}
+          <a href="{{subitem.url | relative_url }}">
+            <li class="{% if subitem.url == page.url %}active{% endif %}">
+              {{ subitem.title }}
+            </li>
+          </a>
+          {% endfor %}
+        </ul>
+        {% endfor %}
+      </nav>
+    </div>
+    <div class="main markdown-body">
+      <div class="main-inner">
+        {{ content }}
+      </div>
+      <div class="footer">
+        GoogleTest &middot;
+        <a href="https://github.com/google/googletest">GitHub Repository</a> &middot;
+        <a href="https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/main/LICENSE">License</a> &middot;
+        <a href="https://policies.google.com/privacy">Privacy Policy</a>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/anchor-js/4.1.0/anchor.min.js" integrity="sha256-lZaRhKri35AyJSypXXs4o6OPFTbTmUoltBbDCbdzegg=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
+    <script>anchors.add('.main h2, .main h3, .main h4, .main h5, .main h6');</script>
+  </body>
+</html>

third_party/libgtest/docs/_sass/main.scss

@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+// Styles for GoogleTest docs website on GitHub Pages.
+// Color variables are defined in
+// https://github.com/pages-themes/primer/tree/master/_sass/primer-support/lib/variables
+
+$sidebar-width: 260px;
+
+body {
+  display: flex;
+  margin: 0;
+}
+
+.sidebar {
+  background: $black;
+  color: $text-white;
+  flex-shrink: 0;
+  height: 100vh;
+  overflow: auto;
+  position: sticky;
+  top: 0;
+  width: $sidebar-width;
+}
+
+.sidebar h1 {
+  font-size: 1.5em;
+}
+
+.sidebar h2 {
+  color: $gray-light;
+  font-size: 0.8em;
+  font-weight: normal;
+  margin-bottom: 0.8em;
+  padding-left: 2.5em;
+  text-transform: uppercase;
+}
+
+.sidebar .header {
+  background: $black;
+  padding: 2em;
+  position: sticky;
+  top: 0;
+  width: 100%;
+}
+
+.sidebar .header a {
+  color: $text-white;
+  text-decoration: none;
+}
+
+.sidebar .nav-toggle {
+  display: none;
+}
+
+.sidebar .expander {
+  cursor: pointer;
+  display: none;
+  height: 3em;
+  position: absolute;
+  right: 1em;
+  top: 1.5em;
+  width: 3em;
+}
+
+.sidebar .expander .arrow {
+  border: solid $white;
+  border-width: 0 3px 3px 0;
+  display: block;
+  height: 0.7em;
+  margin: 1em auto;
+  transform: rotate(45deg);
+  transition: transform 0.5s;
+  width: 0.7em;
+}
+
+.sidebar nav {
+  width: 100%;
+}
+
+.sidebar nav ul {
+  list-style-type: none;
+  margin-bottom: 1em;
+  padding: 0;
+
+  &:last-child {
+    margin-bottom: 2em;
+  }
+
+  a {
+   text-decoration: none;
+  }
+
+  li {
+    color: $text-white;
+    padding-left: 2em;
+    text-decoration: none;
+  }
+
+  li.active {
+    background: $border-gray-darker;
+    font-weight: bold;
+  }
+
+  li:hover {
+    background: $border-gray-darker;
+  }
+}
+
+.main {
+  background-color: $bg-gray;
+  width: calc(100% - #{$sidebar-width});
+}
+
+.main .main-inner {
+  background-color: $white;
+  padding: 2em;
+}
+
+.main .footer {
+  margin: 0;
+  padding: 2em;
+}
+
+.main table th {
+  text-align: left;
+}
+
+.main .callout {
+  border-left: 0.25em solid $white;
+  padding: 1em;
+
+  a {
+    text-decoration: underline;
+  }
+
+  &.important {
+    background-color: $bg-yellow-light;
+    border-color: $bg-yellow;
+    color: $black;
+  }
+
+  &.note {
+    background-color: $bg-blue-light;
+    border-color: $text-blue;
+    color: $text-blue;
+  }
+
+  &.tip {
+    background-color: $green-000;
+    border-color: $green-700;
+    color: $green-700;
+  }
+
+  &.warning {
+    background-color: $red-000;
+    border-color: $text-red;
+    color: $text-red;
+  }
+}
+
+.main .good pre {
+  background-color: $bg-green-light;
+}
+
+.main .bad pre {
+  background-color: $red-000;
+}
+
+@media all and (max-width: 768px) {
+  body {
+    flex-direction: column;
+  }
+
+  .sidebar {
+    height: auto;
+    position: relative;
+    width: 100%;
+  }
+
+  .sidebar .expander {
+    display: block;
+  }
+
+  .sidebar nav {
+    height: 0;
+    overflow: hidden;
+  }
+
+  .sidebar .nav-toggle:checked {
+    & ~ nav {
+      height: auto;
+    }
+
+    & + .expander .arrow {
+      transform: rotate(-135deg);
+    }
+  }
+
+  .main {
+    width: 100%;
+  }
+}

third_party/libgtest/docs/assets/css/style.scss

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+---
+
+@import "jekyll-theme-primer";
+@import "main";

third_party/libgtest/docs/community_created_documentation.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# Community-Created Documentation
+
+The following is a list, in no particular order, of links to documentation
+created by the Googletest community.
+
+*   [Googlemock Insights](https://github.com/ElectricRCAircraftGuy/eRCaGuy_dotfiles/blob/master/googletest/insights.md),
+    by [ElectricRCAircraftGuy](https://github.com/ElectricRCAircraftGuy)

third_party/libgtest/docs/faq.md

@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
-# Googletest FAQ
-
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0014 DO NOT DELETE -->
+# GoogleTest FAQ
 
 ## Why should test suite names and test names not contain underscore?
 
+{: .callout .note}
+Note: GoogleTest reserves underscore (`_`) for special-purpose keywords, such as
+[the `DISABLED_` prefix](advanced.md#temporarily-disabling-tests), in addition
+to the following rationale.
+
 Underscore (`_`) is special, as C++ reserves the following to be used by the
 compiler and the standard library:
 
@@ -30,9 +33,9 @@ contains `_`?
     `TestSuiteName_Bar__Test`, which is invalid.
 
 So clearly `TestSuiteName` and `TestName` cannot start or end with `_`
-(Actually, `TestSuiteName` can start with `_` -- as long as the `_` isn't
-followed by an upper-case letter. But that's getting complicated. So for
-simplicity we just say that it cannot start with `_`.).
+(Actually, `TestSuiteName` can start with `_`—as long as the `_` isn't followed
+by an upper-case letter. But that's getting complicated. So for simplicity we
+just say that it cannot start with `_`.).
 
 It may seem fine for `TestSuiteName` and `TestName` to contain `_` in the
 middle. However, consider this:
@@ -47,42 +50,42 @@ Now, the two `TEST`s will both generate the same class
 
 So for simplicity, we just ask the users to avoid `_` in `TestSuiteName` and
 `TestName`. The rule is more constraining than necessary, but it's simple and
-easy to remember. It also gives googletest some wiggle room in case its
+easy to remember. It also gives GoogleTest some wiggle room in case its
 implementation needs to change in the future.
 
 If you violate the rule, there may not be immediate consequences, but your test
 may (just may) break with a new compiler (or a new version of the compiler you
-are using) or with a new version of googletest. Therefore it's best to follow
+are using) or with a new version of GoogleTest. Therefore it's best to follow
 the rule.
 
-## Why does googletest support `EXPECT_EQ(NULL, ptr)` and `ASSERT_EQ(NULL, ptr)` but not `EXPECT_NE(NULL, ptr)` and `ASSERT_NE(NULL, ptr)`?
+## Why does GoogleTest support `EXPECT_EQ(NULL, ptr)` and `ASSERT_EQ(NULL, ptr)` but not `EXPECT_NE(NULL, ptr)` and `ASSERT_NE(NULL, ptr)`?
 
-First of all you can use `EXPECT_NE(nullptr, ptr)` and `ASSERT_NE(nullptr,
-ptr)`. This is the preferred syntax in the style guide because nullptr does not
-have the type problems that NULL does. Which is why NULL does not work.
+First of all, you can use `nullptr` with each of these macros, e.g.
+`EXPECT_EQ(ptr, nullptr)`, `EXPECT_NE(ptr, nullptr)`, `ASSERT_EQ(ptr, nullptr)`,
+`ASSERT_NE(ptr, nullptr)`. This is the preferred syntax in the style guide
+because `nullptr` does not have the type problems that `NULL` does.
 
 Due to some peculiarity of C++, it requires some non-trivial template meta
 programming tricks to support using `NULL` as an argument of the `EXPECT_XX()`
 and `ASSERT_XX()` macros. Therefore we only do it where it's most needed
-(otherwise we make the implementation of googletest harder to maintain and more
+(otherwise we make the implementation of GoogleTest harder to maintain and more
 error-prone than necessary).
 
-The `EXPECT_EQ()` macro takes the *expected* value as its first argument and the
-*actual* value as the second. It's reasonable that someone wants to write
-`EXPECT_EQ(NULL, some_expression)`, and this indeed was requested several times.
-Therefore we implemented it.
+Historically, the `EXPECT_EQ()` macro took the *expected* value as its first
+argument and the *actual* value as the second, though this argument order is now
+discouraged. It was reasonable that someone wanted
+to write `EXPECT_EQ(NULL, some_expression)`, and this indeed was requested
+several times. Therefore we implemented it.
 
-The need for `EXPECT_NE(NULL, ptr)` isn't nearly as strong. When the assertion
+The need for `EXPECT_NE(NULL, ptr)` wasn't nearly as strong. When the assertion
 fails, you already know that `ptr` must be `NULL`, so it doesn't add any
 information to print `ptr` in this case. That means `EXPECT_TRUE(ptr != NULL)`
 works just as well.
 
-If we were to support `EXPECT_NE(NULL, ptr)`, for consistency we'll have to
-support `EXPECT_NE(ptr, NULL)` as well, as unlike `EXPECT_EQ`, we don't have a
-convention on the order of the two arguments for `EXPECT_NE`. This means using
-the template meta programming tricks twice in the implementation, making it even
-harder to understand and maintain. We believe the benefit doesn't justify the
-cost.
+If we were to support `EXPECT_NE(NULL, ptr)`, for consistency we'd have to
+support `EXPECT_NE(ptr, NULL)` as well. This means using the template meta
+programming tricks twice in the implementation, making it even harder to
+understand and maintain. We believe the benefit doesn't justify the cost.
 
 Finally, with the growth of the gMock matcher library, we are encouraging people
 to use the unified `EXPECT_THAT(value, matcher)` syntax more often in tests. One
@@ -125,29 +128,9 @@ both approaches a try. Practice is a much better way to grasp the subtle
 differences between the two tools. Once you have some concrete experience, you
 can much more easily decide which one to use the next time.
 
-## I got some run-time errors about invalid proto descriptors when using `ProtocolMessageEquals`. Help!
-
-**Note:** `ProtocolMessageEquals` and `ProtocolMessageEquiv` are *deprecated*
-now. Please use `EqualsProto`, etc instead.
-
-`ProtocolMessageEquals` and `ProtocolMessageEquiv` were redefined recently and
-are now less tolerant of invalid protocol buffer definitions. In particular, if
-you have a `foo.proto` that doesn't fully qualify the type of a protocol message
-it references (e.g. `message<Bar>` where it should be `message<blah.Bar>`), you
-will now get run-time errors like:
-
-```
-... descriptor.cc:...] Invalid proto descriptor for file "path/to/foo.proto":
-... descriptor.cc:...]  blah.MyMessage.my_field: ".Bar" is not defined.
-```
-
-If you see this, your `.proto` file is broken and needs to be fixed by making
-the types fully qualified. The new definition of `ProtocolMessageEquals` and
-`ProtocolMessageEquiv` just happen to reveal your bug.
-
 ## My death test modifies some state, but the change seems lost after the death test finishes. Why?
 
-Death tests (`EXPECT_DEATH`, etc) are executed in a sub-process s.t. the
+Death tests (`EXPECT_DEATH`, etc.) are executed in a sub-process s.t. the
 expected crash won't kill the test program (i.e. the parent process). As a
 result, any in-memory side effects they incur are observable in their respective
 sub-processes, but not in the parent process. You can think of them as running
@@ -158,7 +141,7 @@ methods, the parent process will think the calls have never occurred. Therefore,
 you may want to move your `EXPECT_CALL` statements inside the `EXPECT_DEATH`
 macro.
 
-## EXPECT_EQ(htonl(blah), blah_blah) generates weird compiler errors in opt mode. Is this a googletest bug?
+## EXPECT_EQ(htonl(blah), blah_blah) generates weird compiler errors in opt mode. Is this a GoogleTest bug?
 
 Actually, the bug is in `htonl()`.
 
@@ -176,18 +159,6 @@ template argument, and thus doesn't compile in opt mode when `a` contains a call
 to `htonl()`. It is difficult to make `EXPECT_EQ` bypass the `htonl()` bug, as
 the solution must work with different compilers on various platforms.
 
-`htonl()` has some other problems as described in `//util/endian/endian.h`,
-which defines `ghtonl()` to replace it. `ghtonl()` does the same thing `htonl()`
-does, only without its problems. We suggest you to use `ghtonl()` instead of
-`htonl()`, both in your tests and production code.
-
-`//util/endian/endian.h` also defines `ghtons()`, which solves similar problems
-in `htons()`.
-
-Don't forget to add `//util/endian` to the list of dependencies in the `BUILD`
-file wherever `ghtonl()` and `ghtons()` are used. The library consists of a
-single header file and will not bloat your binary.
-
 ## The compiler complains about "undefined references" to some static const member variables, but I did define them in the class body. What's wrong?
 
 If your class has a static data member:
@@ -200,16 +171,28 @@ class Foo {
 };
 ```
 
-You also need to define it *outside* of the class body in `foo.cc`:
+you also need to define it *outside* of the class body in `foo.cc`:
 
 ```c++
 const int Foo::kBar;  // No initializer here.
 ```
 
 Otherwise your code is **invalid C++**, and may break in unexpected ways. In
-particular, using it in googletest comparison assertions (`EXPECT_EQ`, etc) will
-generate an "undefined reference" linker error. The fact that "it used to work"
-doesn't mean it's valid. It just means that you were lucky. :-)
+particular, using it in GoogleTest comparison assertions (`EXPECT_EQ`, etc.)
+will generate an "undefined reference" linker error. The fact that "it used to
+work" doesn't mean it's valid. It just means that you were lucky. :-)
+
+If the declaration of the static data member is `constexpr` then it is
+implicitly an `inline` definition, and a separate definition in `foo.cc` is not
+needed:
+
+```c++
+// foo.h
+class Foo {
+  ...
+  static constexpr int kBar = 100;  // Defines kBar, no need to do it in foo.cc.
+};
+```
 
 ## Can I derive a test fixture from another?
 
@@ -221,7 +204,7 @@ cases may want to use the same or slightly different fixtures. For example, you
 may want to make sure that all of a GUI library's test suites don't leak
 important system resources like fonts and brushes.
 
-In googletest, you share a fixture among test suites by putting the shared logic
+In GoogleTest, you share a fixture among test suites by putting the shared logic
 in a base test fixture, then deriving from that base a separate fixture for each
 test suite that wants to use this common logic. You then use `TEST_F()` to write
 tests using each derived fixture.
@@ -260,10 +243,10 @@ TEST_F(FooTest, Baz) { ... }
 ```
 
 If necessary, you can continue to derive test fixtures from a derived fixture.
-googletest has no limit on how deep the hierarchy can be.
+GoogleTest has no limit on how deep the hierarchy can be.
 
 For a complete example using derived test fixtures, see
-[sample5_unittest.cc](../samples/sample5_unittest.cc).
+[sample5_unittest.cc](https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/main/googletest/samples/sample5_unittest.cc).
 
 ## My compiler complains "void value not ignored as it ought to be." What does this mean?
 
@@ -274,9 +257,10 @@ disabled by our build system. Please see more details
 
 ## My death test hangs (or seg-faults). How do I fix it?
 
-In googletest, death tests are run in a child process and the way they work is
-delicate. To write death tests you really need to understand how they work.
-Please make sure you have read [this](advanced.md#how-it-works).
+In GoogleTest, death tests are run in a child process and the way they work is
+delicate. To write death tests you really need to understand how they work—see
+the details at [Death Assertions](reference/assertions.md#death) in the
+Assertions Reference.
 
 In particular, death tests don't like having multiple threads in the parent
 process. So the first thing you can try is to eliminate creating threads outside
@@ -295,18 +279,18 @@ program from the beginning in the child process. Therefore make sure your
 program can run side-by-side with itself and is deterministic.
 
 In the end, this boils down to good concurrent programming. You have to make
-sure that there is no race conditions or dead locks in your program. No silver
+sure that there are no race conditions or deadlocks in your program. No silver
 bullet - sorry!
 
 ## Should I use the constructor/destructor of the test fixture or SetUp()/TearDown()? {#CtorVsSetUp}
 
-The first thing to remember is that googletest does **not** reuse the same test
-fixture object across multiple tests. For each `TEST_F`, googletest will create
+The first thing to remember is that GoogleTest does **not** reuse the same test
+fixture object across multiple tests. For each `TEST_F`, GoogleTest will create
 a **fresh** test fixture object, immediately call `SetUp()`, run the test body,
 call `TearDown()`, and then delete the test fixture object.
 
 When you need to write per-test set-up and tear-down logic, you have the choice
-between using the test fixture constructor/destructor or `SetUp()/TearDown()`.
+between using the test fixture constructor/destructor or `SetUp()`/`TearDown()`.
 The former is usually preferred, as it has the following benefits:
 
 *   By initializing a member variable in the constructor, we have the option to
@@ -323,7 +307,7 @@ You may still want to use `SetUp()/TearDown()` in the following cases:
 
 *   C++ does not allow virtual function calls in constructors and destructors.
     You can call a method declared as virtual, but it will not use dynamic
-    dispatch, it will use the definition from the class the constructor of which
+    dispatch. It will use the definition from the class the constructor of which
     is currently executing. This is because calling a virtual method before the
     derived class constructor has a chance to run is very dangerous - the
     virtual method might operate on uninitialized data. Therefore, if you need
@@ -332,89 +316,25 @@ You may still want to use `SetUp()/TearDown()` in the following cases:
 *   In the body of a constructor (or destructor), it's not possible to use the
     `ASSERT_xx` macros. Therefore, if the set-up operation could cause a fatal
     test failure that should prevent the test from running, it's necessary to
-    use `abort` <!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0015 DO NOT DELETE --> and abort the whole test executable,
-    or to use `SetUp()` instead of a constructor.
+    use `abort` and abort the whole test
+    executable, or to use `SetUp()` instead of a constructor.
 *   If the tear-down operation could throw an exception, you must use
     `TearDown()` as opposed to the destructor, as throwing in a destructor leads
     to undefined behavior and usually will kill your program right away. Note
     that many standard libraries (like STL) may throw when exceptions are
     enabled in the compiler. Therefore you should prefer `TearDown()` if you
     want to write portable tests that work with or without exceptions.
-*   The googletest team is considering making the assertion macros throw on
+*   The GoogleTest team is considering making the assertion macros throw on
     platforms where exceptions are enabled (e.g. Windows, Mac OS, and Linux
     client-side), which will eliminate the need for the user to propagate
     failures from a subroutine to its caller. Therefore, you shouldn't use
-    googletest assertions in a destructor if your code could run on such a
+    GoogleTest assertions in a destructor if your code could run on such a
     platform.
 
-## The compiler complains "no matching function to call" when I use ASSERT_PRED*. How do I fix it?
+## The compiler complains "no matching function to call" when I use `ASSERT_PRED*`. How do I fix it?
 
-If the predicate function you use in `ASSERT_PRED*` or `EXPECT_PRED*` is
-overloaded or a template, the compiler will have trouble figuring out which
-overloaded version it should use. `ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT*` and
-`EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT*` don't have this problem.
-
-If you see this error, you might want to switch to
-`(ASSERT|EXPECT)_PRED_FORMAT*`, which will also give you a better failure
-message. If, however, that is not an option, you can resolve the problem by
-explicitly telling the compiler which version to pick.
-
-For example, suppose you have
-
-```c++
-bool IsPositive(int n) {
-  return n > 0;
-}
-
-bool IsPositive(double x) {
-  return x > 0;
-}
-```
-
-you will get a compiler error if you write
-
-```c++
-EXPECT_PRED1(IsPositive, 5);
-```
-
-However, this will work:
-
-```c++
-EXPECT_PRED1(static_cast<bool (*)(int)>(IsPositive), 5);
-```
-
-(The stuff inside the angled brackets for the `static_cast` operator is the type
-of the function pointer for the `int`-version of `IsPositive()`.)
-
-As another example, when you have a template function
-
-```c++
-template <typename T>
-bool IsNegative(T x) {
-  return x < 0;
-}
-```
-
-you can use it in a predicate assertion like this:
-
-```c++
-ASSERT_PRED1(IsNegative<int>, -5);
-```
-
-Things are more interesting if your template has more than one parameters. The
-following won't compile:
-
-```c++
-ASSERT_PRED2(GreaterThan<int, int>, 5, 0);
-```
-
-as the C++ pre-processor thinks you are giving `ASSERT_PRED2` 4 arguments, which
-is one more than expected. The workaround is to wrap the predicate function in
-parentheses:
-
-```c++
-ASSERT_PRED2((GreaterThan<int, int>), 5, 0);
-```
+See details for [`EXPECT_PRED*`](reference/assertions.md#EXPECT_PRED) in the
+Assertions Reference.
 
 ## My compiler complains about "ignoring return value" when I call RUN_ALL_TESTS(). Why?
 
@@ -434,7 +354,7 @@ they write
 This is **wrong and dangerous**. The testing services needs to see the return
 value of `RUN_ALL_TESTS()` in order to determine if a test has passed. If your
 `main()` function ignores it, your test will be considered successful even if it
-has a googletest assertion failure. Very bad.
+has a GoogleTest assertion failure. Very bad.
 
 We have decided to fix this (thanks to Michael Chastain for the idea). Now, your
 code will no longer be able to ignore `RUN_ALL_TESTS()` when compiled with
@@ -469,8 +389,7 @@ C++ is case-sensitive. Did you spell it as `Setup()`?
 Similarly, sometimes people spell `SetUpTestSuite()` as `SetupTestSuite()` and
 wonder why it's never called.
 
-
-## I have several test suites which share the same test fixture logic, do I have to define a new test fixture class for each of them? This seems pretty tedious.
+## I have several test suites which share the same test fixture logic; do I have to define a new test fixture class for each of them? This seems pretty tedious.
 
 You don't have to. Instead of
 
@@ -500,14 +419,14 @@ TEST_F(BarTest, Abc) { ... }
 TEST_F(BarTest, Def) { ... }
 ```
 
-## googletest output is buried in a whole bunch of LOG messages. What do I do?
+## GoogleTest output is buried in a whole bunch of LOG messages. What do I do?
 
-The googletest output is meant to be a concise and human-friendly report. If
-your test generates textual output itself, it will mix with the googletest
+The GoogleTest output is meant to be a concise and human-friendly report. If
+your test generates textual output itself, it will mix with the GoogleTest
 output, making it hard to read. However, there is an easy solution to this
 problem.
 
-Since `LOG` messages go to stderr, we decided to let googletest output go to
+Since `LOG` messages go to stderr, we decided to let GoogleTest output go to
 stdout. This way, you can easily separate the two using redirection. For
 example:
 
@@ -531,8 +450,8 @@ There are several good reasons:
 
 ## What can the statement argument in ASSERT_DEATH() be?
 
-`ASSERT_DEATH(*statement*, *regex*)` (or any death assertion macro) can be used
-wherever `*statement*` is valid. So basically `*statement*` can be any C++
+`ASSERT_DEATH(statement, matcher)` (or any death assertion macro) can be used
+wherever *`statement`* is valid. So basically *`statement`* can be any C++
 statement that makes sense in the current context. In particular, it can
 reference global and/or local variables, and can be:
 
@@ -555,7 +474,7 @@ TEST(MyDeathTest, ComplexExpression) {
                "(Func1|Method) failed");
 }
 
-// Death assertions can be used any where in a function.  In
+// Death assertions can be used anywhere in a function.  In
 // particular, they can be inside a loop.
 TEST(MyDeathTest, InsideLoop) {
   // Verifies that Foo(0), Foo(1), ..., and Foo(4) all die.
@@ -578,11 +497,9 @@ TEST(MyDeathTest, CompoundStatement) {
 }
 ```
 
-gtest-death-test_test.cc contains more examples if you are interested.
-
 ## I have a fixture class `FooTest`, but `TEST_F(FooTest, Bar)` gives me error ``"no matching function for call to `FooTest::FooTest()'"``. Why?
 
-Googletest needs to be able to create objects of your test fixture class, so it
+GoogleTest needs to be able to create objects of your test fixture class, so it
 must have a default constructor. Normally the compiler will define one for you.
 However, there are cases where you have to define your own:
 
@@ -597,7 +514,7 @@ However, there are cases where you have to define your own:
 ## Why does ASSERT_DEATH complain about previous threads that were already joined?
 
 With the Linux pthread library, there is no turning back once you cross the line
-from single thread to multiple threads. The first time you create a thread, a
+from a single thread to multiple threads. The first time you create a thread, a
 manager thread is created in addition, so you get 3, not 2, threads. Later when
 the thread you create joins the main thread, the thread count decrements by 1,
 but the manager thread will never be killed, so you still have 2 threads, which
@@ -607,12 +524,12 @@ The new NPTL thread library doesn't suffer from this problem, as it doesn't
 create a manager thread. However, if you don't control which machine your test
 runs on, you shouldn't depend on this.
 
-## Why does googletest require the entire test suite, instead of individual tests, to be named *DeathTest when it uses ASSERT_DEATH?
+## Why does GoogleTest require the entire test suite, instead of individual tests, to be named `*DeathTest` when it uses `ASSERT_DEATH`?
 
-googletest does not interleave tests from different test suites. That is, it
+GoogleTest does not interleave tests from different test suites. That is, it
 runs all tests in one test suite first, and then runs all tests in the next test
-suite, and so on. googletest does this because it needs to set up a test suite
-before the first test in it is run, and tear it down afterwords. Splitting up
+suite, and so on. GoogleTest does this because it needs to set up a test suite
+before the first test in it is run, and tear it down afterwards. Splitting up
 the test case would require multiple set-up and tear-down processes, which is
 inefficient and makes the semantics unclean.
 
@@ -632,7 +549,7 @@ interleave tests from different test suites, we need to run all tests in the
 `FooTest` case before running any test in the `BarTest` case. This contradicts
 with the requirement to run `BarTest.DefDeathTest` before `FooTest.Uvw`.
 
-## But I don't like calling my entire test suite \*DeathTest when it contains both death tests and non-death tests. What do I do?
+## But I don't like calling my entire test suite `*DeathTest` when it contains both death tests and non-death tests. What do I do?
 
 You don't have to, but if you like, you may split up the test suite into
 `FooTest` and `FooDeathTest`, where the names make it clear that they are
@@ -650,29 +567,30 @@ TEST_F(FooDeathTest, Uvw) { ... EXPECT_DEATH(...) ... }
 TEST_F(FooDeathTest, Xyz) { ... ASSERT_DEATH(...) ... }
 ```
 
-## googletest prints the LOG messages in a death test's child process only when the test fails. How can I see the LOG messages when the death test succeeds?
+## GoogleTest prints the LOG messages in a death test's child process only when the test fails. How can I see the LOG messages when the death test succeeds?
 
 Printing the LOG messages generated by the statement inside `EXPECT_DEATH()`
 makes it harder to search for real problems in the parent's log. Therefore,
-googletest only prints them when the death test has failed.
+GoogleTest only prints them when the death test has failed.
 
 If you really need to see such LOG messages, a workaround is to temporarily
 break the death test (e.g. by changing the regex pattern it is expected to
 match). Admittedly, this is a hack. We'll consider a more permanent solution
 after the fork-and-exec-style death tests are implemented.
 
-## The compiler complains about "no match for 'operator<<'" when I use an assertion. What gives?
+## The compiler complains about `no match for 'operator<<'` when I use an assertion. What gives?
 
 If you use a user-defined type `FooType` in an assertion, you must make sure
 there is an `std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream&, const FooType&)` function
 defined such that we can print a value of `FooType`.
 
 In addition, if `FooType` is declared in a name space, the `<<` operator also
-needs to be defined in the *same* name space. See https://abseil.io/tips/49 for details.
+needs to be defined in the *same* name space. See
+[Tip of the Week #49](https://abseil.io/tips/49) for details.
 
 ## How do I suppress the memory leak messages on Windows?
 
-Since the statically initialized googletest singleton requires allocations on
+Since the statically initialized GoogleTest singleton requires allocations on
 the heap, the Visual C++ memory leak detector will report memory leaks at the
 end of the program run. The easiest way to avoid this is to use the
 `_CrtMemCheckpoint` and `_CrtMemDumpAllObjectsSince` calls to not report any
@@ -686,7 +604,7 @@ things accordingly, you are leaking test-only logic into production code and
 there is no easy way to ensure that the test-only code paths aren't run by
 mistake in production. Such cleverness also leads to
 [Heisenbugs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heisenbug). Therefore we strongly
-advise against the practice, and googletest doesn't provide a way to do it.
+advise against the practice, and GoogleTest doesn't provide a way to do it.
 
 In general, the recommended way to cause the code to behave differently under
 test is [Dependency Injection](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dependency_injection). You can inject
@@ -703,19 +621,19 @@ whether the code is under test.
 ## How do I temporarily disable a test?
 
 If you have a broken test that you cannot fix right away, you can add the
-DISABLED_ prefix to its name. This will exclude it from execution. This is
-better than commenting out the code or using #if 0, as disabled tests are still
-compiled (and thus won't rot).
+`DISABLED_` prefix to its name. This will exclude it from execution. This is
+better than commenting out the code or using `#if 0`, as disabled tests are
+still compiled (and thus won't rot).
 
 To include disabled tests in test execution, just invoke the test program with
-the --gtest_also_run_disabled_tests flag.
+the `--gtest_also_run_disabled_tests` flag.
 
 ## Is it OK if I have two separate `TEST(Foo, Bar)` test methods defined in different namespaces?
 
 Yes.
 
 The rule is **all test methods in the same test suite must use the same fixture
-class.** This means that the following is **allowed** because both tests use the
+class**. This means that the following is **allowed** because both tests use the
 same fixture class (`::testing::Test`).
 
 ```c++
@@ -733,7 +651,7 @@ TEST(CoolTest, DoSomething) {
 ```
 
 However, the following code is **not allowed** and will produce a runtime error
-from googletest because the test methods are using different test fixture
+from GoogleTest because the test methods are using different test fixture
 classes with the same test suite name.
 
 ```c++

third_party/libgtest/docs/gmock_cheat_sheet.md

@@ -0,0 +1,241 @@
+# gMock Cheat Sheet
+
+## Defining a Mock Class
+
+### Mocking a Normal Class {#MockClass}
+
+Given
+
+```cpp
+class Foo {
+ public:
+  virtual ~Foo();
+  virtual int GetSize() const = 0;
+  virtual string Describe(const char* name) = 0;
+  virtual string Describe(int type) = 0;
+  virtual bool Process(Bar elem, int count) = 0;
+};
+```
+
+(note that `~Foo()` **must** be virtual) we can define its mock as
+
+```cpp
+#include <gmock/gmock.h>
+
+class MockFoo : public Foo {
+ public:
+  MOCK_METHOD(int, GetSize, (), (const, override));
+  MOCK_METHOD(string, Describe, (const char* name), (override));
+  MOCK_METHOD(string, Describe, (int type), (override));
+  MOCK_METHOD(bool, Process, (Bar elem, int count), (override));
+};
+```
+
+To create a "nice" mock, which ignores all uninteresting calls, a "naggy" mock,
+which warns on all uninteresting calls, or a "strict" mock, which treats them as
+failures:
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::NiceMock;
+using ::testing::NaggyMock;
+using ::testing::StrictMock;
+
+NiceMock<MockFoo> nice_foo;      // The type is a subclass of MockFoo.
+NaggyMock<MockFoo> naggy_foo;    // The type is a subclass of MockFoo.
+StrictMock<MockFoo> strict_foo;  // The type is a subclass of MockFoo.
+```
+
+{: .callout .note}
+**Note:** A mock object is currently naggy by default. We may make it nice by
+default in the future.
+
+### Mocking a Class Template {#MockTemplate}
+
+Class templates can be mocked just like any class.
+
+To mock
+
+```cpp
+template <typename Elem>
+class StackInterface {
+ public:
+  virtual ~StackInterface();
+  virtual int GetSize() const = 0;
+  virtual void Push(const Elem& x) = 0;
+};
+```
+
+(note that all member functions that are mocked, including `~StackInterface()`
+**must** be virtual).
+
+```cpp
+template <typename Elem>
+class MockStack : public StackInterface<Elem> {
+ public:
+  MOCK_METHOD(int, GetSize, (), (const, override));
+  MOCK_METHOD(void, Push, (const Elem& x), (override));
+};
+```
+
+### Specifying Calling Conventions for Mock Functions
+
+If your mock function doesn't use the default calling convention, you can
+specify it by adding `Calltype(convention)` to `MOCK_METHOD`'s 4th parameter.
+For example,
+
+```cpp
+  MOCK_METHOD(bool, Foo, (int n), (Calltype(STDMETHODCALLTYPE)));
+  MOCK_METHOD(int, Bar, (double x, double y),
+              (const, Calltype(STDMETHODCALLTYPE)));
+```
+
+where `STDMETHODCALLTYPE` is defined by `<objbase.h>` on Windows.
+
+## Using Mocks in Tests {#UsingMocks}
+
+The typical work flow is:
+
+1.  Import the gMock names you need to use. All gMock symbols are in the
+    `testing` namespace unless they are macros or otherwise noted.
+2.  Create the mock objects.
+3.  Optionally, set the default actions of the mock objects.
+4.  Set your expectations on the mock objects (How will they be called? What
+    will they do?).
+5.  Exercise code that uses the mock objects; if necessary, check the result
+    using googletest assertions.
+6.  When a mock object is destructed, gMock automatically verifies that all
+    expectations on it have been satisfied.
+
+Here's an example:
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::Return;                          // #1
+
+TEST(BarTest, DoesThis) {
+  MockFoo foo;                                    // #2
+
+  ON_CALL(foo, GetSize())                         // #3
+      .WillByDefault(Return(1));
+  // ... other default actions ...
+
+  EXPECT_CALL(foo, Describe(5))                   // #4
+      .Times(3)
+      .WillRepeatedly(Return("Category 5"));
+  // ... other expectations ...
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(MyProductionFunction(&foo), "good");  // #5
+}                                                 // #6
+```
+
+## Setting Default Actions {#OnCall}
+
+gMock has a **built-in default action** for any function that returns `void`,
+`bool`, a numeric value, or a pointer. In C++11, it will additionally returns
+the default-constructed value, if one exists for the given type.
+
+To customize the default action for functions with return type `T`, use
+[`DefaultValue<T>`](reference/mocking.md#DefaultValue). For example:
+
+```cpp
+  // Sets the default action for return type std::unique_ptr<Buzz> to
+  // creating a new Buzz every time.
+  DefaultValue<std::unique_ptr<Buzz>>::SetFactory(
+      [] { return std::make_unique<Buzz>(AccessLevel::kInternal); });
+
+  // When this fires, the default action of MakeBuzz() will run, which
+  // will return a new Buzz object.
+  EXPECT_CALL(mock_buzzer_, MakeBuzz("hello")).Times(AnyNumber());
+
+  auto buzz1 = mock_buzzer_.MakeBuzz("hello");
+  auto buzz2 = mock_buzzer_.MakeBuzz("hello");
+  EXPECT_NE(buzz1, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_NE(buzz2, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_NE(buzz1, buzz2);
+
+  // Resets the default action for return type std::unique_ptr<Buzz>,
+  // to avoid interfere with other tests.
+  DefaultValue<std::unique_ptr<Buzz>>::Clear();
+```
+
+To customize the default action for a particular method of a specific mock
+object, use [`ON_CALL`](reference/mocking.md#ON_CALL). `ON_CALL` has a similar
+syntax to `EXPECT_CALL`, but it is used for setting default behaviors when you
+do not require that the mock method is called. See
+[Knowing When to Expect](gmock_cook_book.md#UseOnCall) for a more detailed
+discussion.
+
+## Setting Expectations {#ExpectCall}
+
+See [`EXPECT_CALL`](reference/mocking.md#EXPECT_CALL) in the Mocking Reference.
+
+## Matchers {#MatcherList}
+
+See the [Matchers Reference](reference/matchers.md).
+
+## Actions {#ActionList}
+
+See the [Actions Reference](reference/actions.md).
+
+## Cardinalities {#CardinalityList}
+
+See the [`Times` clause](reference/mocking.md#EXPECT_CALL.Times) of
+`EXPECT_CALL` in the Mocking Reference.
+
+## Expectation Order
+
+By default, expectations can be matched in *any* order. If some or all
+expectations must be matched in a given order, you can use the
+[`After` clause](reference/mocking.md#EXPECT_CALL.After) or
+[`InSequence` clause](reference/mocking.md#EXPECT_CALL.InSequence) of
+`EXPECT_CALL`, or use an [`InSequence` object](reference/mocking.md#InSequence).
+
+## Verifying and Resetting a Mock
+
+gMock will verify the expectations on a mock object when it is destructed, or
+you can do it earlier:
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::Mock;
+...
+// Verifies and removes the expectations on mock_obj;
+// returns true if and only if successful.
+Mock::VerifyAndClearExpectations(&mock_obj);
+...
+// Verifies and removes the expectations on mock_obj;
+// also removes the default actions set by ON_CALL();
+// returns true if and only if successful.
+Mock::VerifyAndClear(&mock_obj);
+```
+
+Do not set new expectations after verifying and clearing a mock after its use.
+Setting expectations after code that exercises the mock has undefined behavior.
+See [Using Mocks in Tests](gmock_for_dummies.md#using-mocks-in-tests) for more
+information.
+
+You can also tell gMock that a mock object can be leaked and doesn't need to be
+verified:
+
+```cpp
+Mock::AllowLeak(&mock_obj);
+```
+
+## Mock Classes
+
+gMock defines a convenient mock class template
+
+```cpp
+class MockFunction<R(A1, ..., An)> {
+ public:
+  MOCK_METHOD(R, Call, (A1, ..., An));
+};
+```
+
+See this [recipe](gmock_cook_book.md#UsingCheckPoints) for one application of
+it.
+
+## Flags
+
+| Flag                           | Description                               |
+| :----------------------------- | :---------------------------------------- |
+| `--gmock_catch_leaked_mocks=0` | Don't report leaked mock objects as failures. |
+| `--gmock_verbose=LEVEL` | Sets the default verbosity level (`info`, `warning`, or `error`) of Google Mock messages. |

third_party/libgtest/docs/gmock_faq.md

@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
-## Legacy gMock FAQ {#GMockFaq}
-
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0021 DO NOT DELETE -->
+# Legacy gMock FAQ
 
 ### When I call a method on my mock object, the method for the real object is invoked instead. What's the problem?
 
 In order for a method to be mocked, it must be *virtual*, unless you use the
-[high-perf dependency injection technique](#MockingNonVirtualMethods).
+[high-perf dependency injection technique](gmock_cook_book.md#MockingNonVirtualMethods).
 
 ### Can I mock a variadic function?
 
@@ -81,8 +79,6 @@ void Bar(int* p);         // Neither p nor *p is const.
 void Bar(const int* p);  // p is not const, but *p is.
 ```
 
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0030 DO NOT DELETE -->
-
 ### I can't figure out why gMock thinks my expectations are not satisfied. What should I do?
 
 You might want to run your test with `--gmock_verbose=info`. This flag lets
@@ -91,7 +87,7 @@ trace, you'll gain insights on why the expectations you set are not met.
 
 If you see the message "The mock function has no default action set, and its
 return type has no default value set.", then try
-[adding a default action](for_dummies.md#DefaultValue). Due to a known issue,
+[adding a default action](gmock_cheat_sheet.md#OnCall). Due to a known issue,
 unexpected calls on mocks without default actions don't print out a detailed
 comparison between the actual arguments and the expected arguments.
 
@@ -126,8 +122,6 @@ using ::testing::_;
       .Times(0);
 ```
 
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0031 DO NOT DELETE -->
-
 ### I have a failed test where gMock tells me TWICE that a particular expectation is not satisfied. Isn't this redundant?
 
 When gMock detects a failure, it prints relevant information (the mock function
@@ -375,8 +369,8 @@ Usually, if your action is for a particular function type, defining it using
 different types (e.g. if you are defining `Return(*value*)`),
 `MakePolymorphicAction()` is easiest. Sometimes you want precise control on what
 types of functions the action can be used in, and implementing `ActionInterface`
-is the way to go here. See the implementation of `Return()` in
-`testing/base/public/gmock-actions.h` for an example.
+is the way to go here. See the implementation of `Return()` in `gmock-actions.h`
+for an example.
 
 ### I use SetArgPointee() in WillOnce(), but gcc complains about "conflicting return type specified". What does it mean?
 
@@ -386,8 +380,8 @@ doesn't say what the return value should be. You need `DoAll()` to chain a
 `SetArgPointee()` with a `Return()` that provides a value appropriate to the API
 being mocked.
 
-See this [recipe](cook_book.md#mocking-side-effects) for more details and an
-example.
+See this [recipe](gmock_cook_book.md#mocking-side-effects) for more details and
+an example.
 
 ### I have a huge mock class, and Microsoft Visual C++ runs out of memory when compiling it. What can I do?
 

third_party/libgtest/docs/gmock_for_dummies.md

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
-## gMock for Dummies {#GMockForDummies}
+# gMock for Dummies
 
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0013 DO NOT DELETE -->
-
-### What Is gMock?
+## What Is gMock?
 
 When you write a prototype or test, often it's not feasible or wise to rely on
 real objects entirely. A **mock object** implements the same interface as a real
@@ -10,9 +8,9 @@ object (so it can be used as one), but lets you specify at run time how it will
 be used and what it should do (which methods will be called? in which order? how
 many times? with what arguments? what will they return? etc).
 
-**Note:** It is easy to confuse the term *fake objects* with mock objects. Fakes
-and mocks actually mean very different things in the Test-Driven Development
-(TDD) community:
+It is easy to confuse the term *fake objects* with mock objects. Fakes and mocks
+actually mean very different things in the Test-Driven Development (TDD)
+community:
 
 *   **Fake** objects have working implementations, but usually take some
     shortcut (perhaps to make the operations less expensive), which makes them
@@ -39,7 +37,7 @@ When using gMock,
 3.  then you exercise code that uses the mock objects. gMock will catch any
     violation to the expectations as soon as it arises.
 
-### Why gMock?
+## Why gMock?
 
 While mock objects help you remove unnecessary dependencies in tests and make
 them fast and reliable, using mocks manually in C++ is *hard*:
@@ -53,9 +51,9 @@ them fast and reliable, using mocks manually in C++ is *hard*:
     one.
 
 In contrast, Java and Python programmers have some fine mock frameworks (jMock,
-EasyMock, [Mox](http://wtf/mox), etc), which automate the creation of mocks. As
-a result, mocking is a proven effective technique and widely adopted practice in
-those communities. Having the right tool absolutely makes the difference.
+EasyMock, etc), which automate the creation of mocks. As a result, mocking is a
+proven effective technique and widely adopted practice in those communities.
+Having the right tool absolutely makes the difference.
 
 gMock was built to help C++ programmers. It was inspired by jMock and EasyMock,
 but designed with C++'s specifics in mind. It is your friend if any of the
@@ -85,28 +83,28 @@ We encourage you to use gMock as
 *   a *testing* tool to cut your tests' outbound dependencies and probe the
     interaction between your module and its collaborators.
 
-### Getting Started
+## Getting Started
 
 gMock is bundled with googletest.
 
-### A Case for Mock Turtles
+## A Case for Mock Turtles
 
 Let's look at an example. Suppose you are developing a graphics program that
-relies on a [LOGO](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logo_programming_language)-like
+relies on a [LOGO](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logo_programming_language)-like
 API for drawing. How would you test that it does the right thing? Well, you can
 run it and compare the screen with a golden screen snapshot, but let's admit it:
 tests like this are expensive to run and fragile (What if you just upgraded to a
 shiny new graphics card that has better anti-aliasing? Suddenly you have to
 update all your golden images.). It would be too painful if all your tests are
 like this. Fortunately, you learned about
-[Dependency Injection](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dependency_injection) and know the right thing
+[Dependency Injection](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dependency_injection) and know the right thing
 to do: instead of having your application talk to the system API directly, wrap
 the API in an interface (say, `Turtle`) and code to that interface:
 
 ```cpp
 class Turtle {
   ...
-  virtual ~Turtle() {};
+  virtual ~Turtle() {}
   virtual void PenUp() = 0;
   virtual void PenDown() = 0;
   virtual void Forward(int distance) = 0;
@@ -135,20 +133,20 @@ because your new machine does anti-aliasing differently), easier to read and
 maintain (the intent of a test is expressed in the code, not in some binary
 images), and run *much, much faster*.
 
-### Writing the Mock Class
+## Writing the Mock Class
 
 If you are lucky, the mocks you need to use have already been implemented by
 some nice people. If, however, you find yourself in the position to write a mock
 class, relax - gMock turns this task into a fun game! (Well, almost.)
 
-#### How to Define It
+### How to Define It
 
 Using the `Turtle` interface as example, here are the simple steps you need to
 follow:
 
 *   Derive a class `MockTurtle` from `Turtle`.
 *   Take a *virtual* function of `Turtle` (while it's possible to
-    [mock non-virtual methods using templates](cook_book.md#MockingNonVirtualMethods),
+    [mock non-virtual methods using templates](gmock_cook_book.md#MockingNonVirtualMethods),
     it's much more involved).
 *   In the `public:` section of the child class, write `MOCK_METHOD();`
 *   Now comes the fun part: you take the function signature, cut-and-paste it
@@ -166,7 +164,7 @@ follow:
 After the process, you should have something like:
 
 ```cpp
-#include "gmock/gmock.h"  // Brings in gMock.
+#include <gmock/gmock.h>  // Brings in gMock.
 
 class MockTurtle : public Turtle {
  public:
@@ -184,7 +182,7 @@ class MockTurtle : public Turtle {
 You don't need to define these mock methods somewhere else - the `MOCK_METHOD`
 macro will generate the definitions for you. It's that simple!
 
-#### Where to Put It
+### Where to Put It
 
 When you define a mock class, you need to decide where to put its definition.
 Some people put it in a `_test.cc`. This is fine when the interface being mocked
@@ -192,10 +190,10 @@ Some people put it in a `_test.cc`. This is fine when the interface being mocked
 `Foo` changes it, your test could break. (You can't really expect `Foo`'s
 maintainer to fix every test that uses `Foo`, can you?)
 
-So, the rule of thumb is: if you need to mock `Foo` and it's owned by others,
-define the mock class in `Foo`'s package (better, in a `testing` sub-package
-such that you can clearly separate production code and testing utilities), put
-it in a `.h` and a `cc_library`. Then everyone can reference them from their
+Generally, you should not mock classes you don't own. If you must mock such a
+class owned by others, define the mock class in `Foo`'s Bazel package (usually
+the same directory or a `testing` sub-directory), and put it in a `.h` and a
+`cc_library` with `testonly=True`. Then everyone can reference them from their
 tests. If `Foo` ever changes, there is only one copy of `MockFoo` to change, and
 only tests that depend on the changed methods need to be fixed.
 
@@ -206,14 +204,12 @@ choosing the adaptor interface can make your code easier to write and more
 readable (a net win in the long run), as you can choose `FooAdaptor` to fit your
 specific domain much better than `Foo` does.
 
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0029 DO NOT DELETE -->
-
-### Using Mocks in Tests
+## Using Mocks in Tests
 
 Once you have a mock class, using it is easy. The typical work flow is:
 
 1.  Import the gMock names from the `testing` namespace such that you can use
-    them unqualified (You only have to do it once per file. Remember that
+    them unqualified (You only have to do it once per file). Remember that
     namespaces are a good idea.
 2.  Create some mock objects.
 3.  Specify your expectations on them (How many times will a method be called?
@@ -228,8 +224,8 @@ Here's an example:
 
 ```cpp
 #include "path/to/mock-turtle.h"
-#include "gmock/gmock.h"
-#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+#include <gmock/gmock.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
 using ::testing::AtLeast;                         // #1
 
@@ -257,17 +253,20 @@ Stack trace:
 ...
 ```
 
-**Tip 1:** If you run the test from an Emacs buffer, you can hit <Enter> on the
-line number to jump right to the failed expectation.
+**Tip 1:** If you run the test from an Emacs buffer, you can hit `<Enter>` on
+the line number to jump right to the failed expectation.
 
 **Tip 2:** If your mock objects are never deleted, the final verification won't
 happen. Therefore it's a good idea to turn on the heap checker in your tests
 when you allocate mocks on the heap. You get that automatically if you use the
 `gtest_main` library already.
 
+###### Expectation Ordering
+
 **Important note:** gMock requires expectations to be set **before** the mock
-functions are called, otherwise the behavior is **undefined**. In particular,
-you mustn't interleave `EXPECT_CALL()s` and calls to the mock functions.
+functions are called, otherwise the behavior is **undefined**. Do not alternate
+between calls to `EXPECT_CALL()` and calls to the mock functions, and do not set
+any expectations on a mock after passing the mock to an API.
 
 This means `EXPECT_CALL()` should be read as expecting that a call will occur
 *in the future*, not that a call has occurred. Why does gMock work like that?
@@ -279,7 +278,7 @@ Admittedly, this test is contrived and doesn't do much. You can easily achieve
 the same effect without using gMock. However, as we shall reveal soon, gMock
 allows you to do *so much more* with the mocks.
 
-### Setting Expectations
+## Setting Expectations
 
 The key to using a mock object successfully is to set the *right expectations*
 on it. If you set the expectations too strict, your test will fail as the result
@@ -288,7 +287,7 @@ to do it just right such that your test can catch exactly the kind of bugs you
 intend it to catch. gMock provides the necessary means for you to do it "just
 right."
 
-#### General Syntax
+### General Syntax
 
 In gMock we use the `EXPECT_CALL()` macro to set an expectation on a mock
 method. The general syntax is:
@@ -314,8 +313,8 @@ EXPECT_CALL(mock_object, non-overloaded-method)
 
 This syntax allows the test writer to specify "called with any arguments"
 without explicitly specifying the number or types of arguments. To avoid
-unintended ambiguity, this syntax may only be used for methods which are not
-overloaded
+unintended ambiguity, this syntax may only be used for methods that are not
+overloaded.
 
 Either form of the macro can be followed by some optional *clauses* that provide
 more information about the expectation. We'll discuss how each clause works in
@@ -338,12 +337,13 @@ says that the `turtle` object's `GetX()` method will be called five times, it
 will return 100 the first time, 150 the second time, and then 200 every time.
 Some people like to call this style of syntax a Domain-Specific Language (DSL).
 
+{: .callout .note}
 **Note:** Why do we use a macro to do this? Well it serves two purposes: first
-it makes expectations easily identifiable (either by `gsearch` or by a human
+it makes expectations easily identifiable (either by `grep` or by a human
 reader), and second it allows gMock to include the source file location of a
 failed expectation in messages, making debugging easier.
 
-#### Matchers: What Arguments Do We Expect?
+### Matchers: What Arguments Do We Expect?
 
 When a mock function takes arguments, we may specify what arguments we are
 expecting, for example:
@@ -374,8 +374,8 @@ convenient way of saying "any value".
 In the above examples, `100` and `50` are also matchers; implicitly, they are
 the same as `Eq(100)` and `Eq(50)`, which specify that the argument must be
 equal (using `operator==`) to the matcher argument. There are many
-[built-in matchers](#MatcherList) for common types (as well as
-[custom matchers](cook_book.md#NewMatchers)); for example:
+[built-in matchers](reference/matchers.md) for common types (as well as
+[custom matchers](gmock_cook_book.md#NewMatchers)); for example:
 
 ```cpp
 using ::testing::Ge;
@@ -397,9 +397,9 @@ EXPECT_CALL(turtle, GoTo);
 This works for all non-overloaded methods; if a method is overloaded, you need
 to help gMock resolve which overload is expected by specifying the number of
 arguments and possibly also the
-[types of the arguments](cook_book.md#SelectOverload).
+[types of the arguments](gmock_cook_book.md#SelectOverload).
 
-#### Cardinalities: How Many Times Will It Be Called?
+### Cardinalities: How Many Times Will It Be Called?
 
 The first clause we can specify following an `EXPECT_CALL()` is `Times()`. We
 call its argument a **cardinality** as it tells *how many times* the call should
@@ -414,7 +414,7 @@ called.
 
 We've seen `AtLeast(n)` as an example of fuzzy cardinalities earlier. For the
 list of built-in cardinalities you can use, see
-[here](cheat_sheet.md#CardinalityList).
+[here](gmock_cheat_sheet.md#CardinalityList).
 
 The `Times()` clause can be omitted. **If you omit `Times()`, gMock will infer
 the cardinality for you.** The rules are easy to remember:
@@ -429,7 +429,7 @@ the cardinality for you.** The rules are easy to remember:
 **Quick quiz:** what do you think will happen if a function is expected to be
 called twice but actually called four times?
 
-#### Actions: What Should It Do?
+### Actions: What Should It Do?
 
 Remember that a mock object doesn't really have a working implementation? We as
 users have to tell it what to do when a method is invoked. This is easy in
@@ -482,8 +482,8 @@ the *default* action for the function every time (unless, of course, you have a
 `WillRepeatedly()`.).
 
 What can we do inside `WillOnce()` besides `Return()`? You can return a
-reference using `ReturnRef(*variable*)`, or invoke a pre-defined function, among
-[others](cook_book.md#using-actions).
+reference using `ReturnRef(`*`variable`*`)`, or invoke a pre-defined function,
+among [others](gmock_cook_book.md#using-actions).
 
 **Important note:** The `EXPECT_CALL()` statement evaluates the action clause
 only once, even though the action may be performed many times. Therefore you
@@ -503,7 +503,7 @@ always return 100 as `n++` is only evaluated once. Similarly, `Return(new Foo)`
 will create a new `Foo` object when the `EXPECT_CALL()` is executed, and will
 return the same pointer every time. If you want the side effect to happen every
 time, you need to define a custom action, which we'll teach in the
-[cook book](http://<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0012 DO NOT DELETE -->).
+[cook book](gmock_cook_book.md).
 
 Time for another quiz! What do you think the following means?
 
@@ -522,7 +522,7 @@ will be taken afterwards. So the right answer is that `turtle.GetY()` will
 return 100 the first time, but **return 0 from the second time on**, as
 returning 0 is the default action for `int` functions.
 
-#### Using Multiple Expectations {#MultiExpectations}
+### Using Multiple Expectations {#MultiExpectations}
 
 So far we've only shown examples where you have a single expectation. More
 realistically, you'll specify expectations on multiple mock methods which may be
@@ -547,6 +547,7 @@ error, as the last matching expectation (#2) has been saturated. If, however,
 the third `Forward(10)` call is replaced by `Forward(20)`, then it would be OK,
 as now #1 will be the matching expectation.
 
+{: .callout .note}
 **Note:** Why does gMock search for a match in the *reverse* order of the
 expectations? The reason is that this allows a user to set up the default
 expectations in a mock object's constructor or the test fixture's set-up phase
@@ -555,15 +556,16 @@ body. So, if you have two expectations on the same method, you want to put the
 one with more specific matchers **after** the other, or the more specific rule
 would be shadowed by the more general one that comes after it.
 
+{: .callout .tip}
 **Tip:** It is very common to start with a catch-all expectation for a method
 and `Times(AnyNumber())` (omitting arguments, or with `_` for all arguments, if
 overloaded). This makes any calls to the method expected. This is not necessary
 for methods that are not mentioned at all (these are "uninteresting"), but is
 useful for methods that have some expectations, but for which other calls are
 ok. See
-[Understanding Uninteresting vs Unexpected Calls](cook_book.md#uninteresting-vs-unexpected).
+[Understanding Uninteresting vs Unexpected Calls](gmock_cook_book.md#uninteresting-vs-unexpected).
 
-#### Ordered vs Unordered Calls {#OrderedCalls}
+### Ordered vs Unordered Calls {#OrderedCalls}
 
 By default, an expectation can match a call even though an earlier expectation
 hasn't been satisfied. In other words, the calls don't have to occur in the
@@ -598,9 +600,9 @@ order as written. If a call is made out-of-order, it will be an error.
 
 (What if you care about the relative order of some of the calls, but not all of
 them? Can you specify an arbitrary partial order? The answer is ... yes! The
-details can be found [here](cook_book.md#OrderedCalls).)
+details can be found [here](gmock_cook_book.md#OrderedCalls).)
 
-#### All Expectations Are Sticky (Unless Said Otherwise) {#StickyExpectations}
+### All Expectations Are Sticky (Unless Said Otherwise) {#StickyExpectations}
 
 Now let's do a quick quiz to see how well you can use this mock stuff already.
 How would you test that the turtle is asked to go to the origin *exactly twice*
@@ -688,7 +690,7 @@ it's in a sequence - as soon as another expectation that comes after it in the
 sequence has been used, it automatically retires (and will never be used to
 match any call).
 
-#### Uninteresting Calls
+### Uninteresting Calls
 
 A mock object may have many methods, and not all of them are that interesting.
 For example, in some tests we may not care about how many times `GetX()` and
@@ -697,4 +699,4 @@ For example, in some tests we may not care about how many times `GetX()` and
 In gMock, if you are not interested in a method, just don't say anything about
 it. If a call to this method occurs, you'll see a warning in the test output,
 but it won't be a failure. This is called "naggy" behavior; to change, see
-[The Nice, the Strict, and the Naggy](cook_book.md#NiceStrictNaggy).
+[The Nice, the Strict, and the Naggy](gmock_cook_book.md#NiceStrictNaggy).

third_party/libgtest/docs/index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+# GoogleTest User's Guide
+
+## Welcome to GoogleTest!
+
+GoogleTest is Google's C++ testing and mocking framework. This user's guide has
+the following contents:
+
+*   [GoogleTest Primer](primer.md) - Teaches you how to write simple tests using
+    GoogleTest. Read this first if you are new to GoogleTest.
+*   [GoogleTest Advanced](advanced.md) - Read this when you've finished the
+    Primer and want to utilize GoogleTest to its full potential.
+*   [GoogleTest Samples](samples.md) - Describes some GoogleTest samples.
+*   [GoogleTest FAQ](faq.md) - Have a question? Want some tips? Check here
+    first.
+*   [Mocking for Dummies](gmock_for_dummies.md) - Teaches you how to create mock
+    objects and use them in tests.
+*   [Mocking Cookbook](gmock_cook_book.md) - Includes tips and approaches to
+    common mocking use cases.
+*   [Mocking Cheat Sheet](gmock_cheat_sheet.md) - A handy reference for
+    matchers, actions, invariants, and more.
+*   [Mocking FAQ](gmock_faq.md) - Contains answers to some mocking-specific
+    questions.

third_party/libgtest/docs/pkgconfig.md

@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+## Using GoogleTest from various build systems
+
+GoogleTest comes with pkg-config files that can be used to determine all
+necessary flags for compiling and linking to GoogleTest (and GoogleMock).
+Pkg-config is a standardised plain-text format containing
+
+*   the includedir (-I) path
+*   necessary macro (-D) definitions
+*   further required flags (-pthread)
+*   the library (-L) path
+*   the library (-l) to link to
+
+All current build systems support pkg-config in one way or another. For all
+examples here we assume you want to compile the sample
+`samples/sample3_unittest.cc`.
+
+### CMake
+
+Using `pkg-config` in CMake is fairly easy:
+
+```cmake
+find_package(PkgConfig)
+pkg_search_module(GTEST REQUIRED gtest_main)
+
+add_executable(testapp)
+target_sources(testapp PRIVATE samples/sample3_unittest.cc)
+target_link_libraries(testapp PRIVATE ${GTEST_LDFLAGS})
+target_compile_options(testapp PRIVATE ${GTEST_CFLAGS})
+
+enable_testing()
+add_test(first_and_only_test testapp)
+```
+
+It is generally recommended that you use `target_compile_options` + `_CFLAGS`
+over `target_include_directories` + `_INCLUDE_DIRS` as the former includes not
+just -I flags (GoogleTest might require a macro indicating to internal headers
+that all libraries have been compiled with threading enabled. In addition,
+GoogleTest might also require `-pthread` in the compiling step, and as such
+splitting the pkg-config `Cflags` variable into include dirs and macros for
+`target_compile_definitions()` might still miss this). The same recommendation
+goes for using `_LDFLAGS` over the more commonplace `_LIBRARIES`, which happens
+to discard `-L` flags and `-pthread`.
+
+### Help! pkg-config can't find GoogleTest!
+
+Let's say you have a `CMakeLists.txt` along the lines of the one in this
+tutorial and you try to run `cmake`. It is very possible that you get a failure
+along the lines of:
+
+```
+-- Checking for one of the modules 'gtest_main'
+CMake Error at /usr/share/cmake/Modules/FindPkgConfig.cmake:640 (message):
+  None of the required 'gtest_main' found
+```
+
+These failures are common if you installed GoogleTest yourself and have not
+sourced it from a distro or other package manager. If so, you need to tell
+pkg-config where it can find the `.pc` files containing the information. Say you
+installed GoogleTest to `/usr/local`, then it might be that the `.pc` files are
+installed under `/usr/local/lib64/pkgconfig`. If you set
+
+```
+export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/local/lib64/pkgconfig
+```
+
+pkg-config will also try to look in `PKG_CONFIG_PATH` to find `gtest_main.pc`.
+
+### Using pkg-config in a cross-compilation setting
+
+Pkg-config can be used in a cross-compilation setting too. To do this, let's
+assume the final prefix of the cross-compiled installation will be `/usr`, and
+your sysroot is `/home/MYUSER/sysroot`. Configure and install GTest using
+
+```
+mkdir build && cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr ..
+```
+
+Install into the sysroot using `DESTDIR`:
+
+```
+make -j install DESTDIR=/home/MYUSER/sysroot
+```
+
+Before we continue, it is recommended to **always** define the following two
+variables for pkg-config in a cross-compilation setting:
+
+```
+export PKG_CONFIG_ALLOW_SYSTEM_CFLAGS=yes
+export PKG_CONFIG_ALLOW_SYSTEM_LIBS=yes
+```
+
+otherwise `pkg-config` will filter `-I` and `-L` flags against standard prefixes
+such as `/usr` (see https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=28264#c3 for
+reasons why this stripping needs to occur usually).
+
+If you look at the generated pkg-config file, it will look something like
+
+```
+libdir=/usr/lib64
+includedir=/usr/include
+
+Name: gtest
+Description: GoogleTest (without main() function)
+Version: 1.11.0
+URL: https://github.com/google/googletest
+Libs: -L${libdir} -lgtest -lpthread
+Cflags: -I${includedir} -DGTEST_HAS_PTHREAD=1 -lpthread
+```
+
+Notice that the sysroot is not included in `libdir` and `includedir`! If you try
+to run `pkg-config` with the correct
+`PKG_CONFIG_LIBDIR=/home/MYUSER/sysroot/usr/lib64/pkgconfig` against this `.pc`
+file, you will get
+
+```
+$ pkg-config --cflags gtest
+-DGTEST_HAS_PTHREAD=1 -lpthread -I/usr/include
+$ pkg-config --libs gtest
+-L/usr/lib64 -lgtest -lpthread
+```
+
+which is obviously wrong and points to the `CBUILD` and not `CHOST` root. In
+order to use this in a cross-compilation setting, we need to tell pkg-config to
+inject the actual sysroot into `-I` and `-L` variables. Let us now tell
+pkg-config about the actual sysroot
+
+```
+export PKG_CONFIG_DIR=
+export PKG_CONFIG_SYSROOT_DIR=/home/MYUSER/sysroot
+export PKG_CONFIG_LIBDIR=${PKG_CONFIG_SYSROOT_DIR}/usr/lib64/pkgconfig
+```
+
+and running `pkg-config` again we get
+
+```
+$ pkg-config --cflags gtest
+-DGTEST_HAS_PTHREAD=1 -lpthread -I/home/MYUSER/sysroot/usr/include
+$ pkg-config --libs gtest
+-L/home/MYUSER/sysroot/usr/lib64 -lgtest -lpthread
+```
+
+which contains the correct sysroot now. For a more comprehensive guide to also
+including `${CHOST}` in build system calls, see the excellent tutorial by Diego
+Elio Pettenò: <https://autotools.io/pkgconfig/cross-compiling.html>

third_party/libgtest/docs/platforms.md

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# Supported Platforms
+
+GoogleTest follows Google's
+[Foundational C++ Support Policy](https://opensource.google/documentation/policies/cplusplus-support).
+See
+[this table](https://github.com/google/oss-policies-info/blob/main/foundational-cxx-support-matrix.md)
+for a list of currently supported versions compilers, platforms, and build
+tools.

third_party/libgtest/docs/primer.md

@@ -1,85 +1,84 @@
-# Googletest Primer
+# GoogleTest Primer
 
-## Introduction: Why googletest?
+## Introduction: Why GoogleTest?
 
-*googletest* helps you write better C++ tests.
+*GoogleTest* helps you write better C++ tests.
 
-googletest is a testing framework developed by the Testing Technology team with
+GoogleTest is a testing framework developed by the Testing Technology team with
 Google's specific requirements and constraints in mind. Whether you work on
-Linux, Windows, or a Mac, if you write C++ code, googletest can help you. And it
+Linux, Windows, or a Mac, if you write C++ code, GoogleTest can help you. And it
 supports *any* kind of tests, not just unit tests.
 
-So what makes a good test, and how does googletest fit in? We believe:
+So what makes a good test, and how does GoogleTest fit in? We believe:
 
 1.  Tests should be *independent* and *repeatable*. It's a pain to debug a test
-    that succeeds or fails as a result of other tests. googletest isolates the
+    that succeeds or fails as a result of other tests. GoogleTest isolates the
     tests by running each of them on a different object. When a test fails,
-    googletest allows you to run it in isolation for quick debugging.
+    GoogleTest allows you to run it in isolation for quick debugging.
 2.  Tests should be well *organized* and reflect the structure of the tested
-    code. googletest groups related tests into test suites that can share data
+    code. GoogleTest groups related tests into test suites that can share data
     and subroutines. This common pattern is easy to recognize and makes tests
     easy to maintain. Such consistency is especially helpful when people switch
     projects and start to work on a new code base.
 3.  Tests should be *portable* and *reusable*. Google has a lot of code that is
-    platform-neutral; its tests should also be platform-neutral. googletest
+    platform-neutral; its tests should also be platform-neutral. GoogleTest
     works on different OSes, with different compilers, with or without
-    exceptions, so googletest tests can work with a variety of configurations.
+    exceptions, so GoogleTest tests can work with a variety of configurations.
 4.  When tests fail, they should provide as much *information* about the problem
-    as possible. googletest doesn't stop at the first test failure. Instead, it
+    as possible. GoogleTest doesn't stop at the first test failure. Instead, it
     only stops the current test and continues with the next. You can also set up
     tests that report non-fatal failures after which the current test continues.
     Thus, you can detect and fix multiple bugs in a single run-edit-compile
     cycle.
 5.  The testing framework should liberate test writers from housekeeping chores
-    and let them focus on the test *content*. googletest automatically keeps
+    and let them focus on the test *content*. GoogleTest automatically keeps
     track of all tests defined, and doesn't require the user to enumerate them
     in order to run them.
-6.  Tests should be *fast*. With googletest, you can reuse shared resources
+6.  Tests should be *fast*. With GoogleTest, you can reuse shared resources
     across tests and pay for the set-up/tear-down only once, without making
     tests depend on each other.
 
-Since googletest is based on the popular xUnit architecture, you'll feel right
+Since GoogleTest is based on the popular xUnit architecture, you'll feel right
 at home if you've used JUnit or PyUnit before. If not, it will take you about 10
 minutes to learn the basics and get started. So let's go!
 
-## Beware of the nomenclature
+## Beware of the Nomenclature
 
-_Note:_ There might be some confusion arising from different definitions of the
-terms _Test_, _Test Case_ and _Test Suite_, so beware of misunderstanding these.
+{: .callout .note}
+*Note:* There might be some confusion arising from different definitions of the
+terms *Test*, *Test Case* and *Test Suite*, so beware of misunderstanding these.
 
-Historically, googletest started to use the term _Test Case_ for grouping
+Historically, GoogleTest started to use the term *Test Case* for grouping
 related tests, whereas current publications, including International Software
-Testing Qualifications Board ([ISTQB](http://www.istqb.org/)) materials and
+Testing Qualifications Board ([ISTQB](https://www.istqb.org/)) materials and
 various textbooks on software quality, use the term
-_[Test Suite][istqb test suite]_ for this.
+*[Test Suite][istqb test suite]* for this.
 
-The related term _Test_, as it is used in googletest, corresponds to the term
-_[Test Case][istqb test case]_ of ISTQB and others.
+The related term *Test*, as it is used in GoogleTest, corresponds to the term
+*[Test Case][istqb test case]* of ISTQB and others.
 
-The term _Test_ is commonly of broad enough sense, including ISTQB's definition
-of _Test Case_, so it's not much of a problem here. But the term _Test Case_ as
+The term *Test* is commonly of broad enough sense, including ISTQB's definition
+of *Test Case*, so it's not much of a problem here. But the term *Test Case* as
 was used in Google Test is of contradictory sense and thus confusing.
 
-googletest recently started replacing the term _Test Case_ with _Test Suite_.
+GoogleTest recently started replacing the term *Test Case* with *Test Suite*.
 The preferred API is *TestSuite*. The older TestCase API is being slowly
 deprecated and refactored away.
 
 So please be aware of the different definitions of the terms:
 
-<!-- mdformat off(github rendering does not support multiline tables) -->
 
-Meaning                                                                              | googletest Term         | [ISTQB](http://www.istqb.org/) Term
+Meaning                                                                              | GoogleTest Term         | [ISTQB](https://www.istqb.org/) Term
 :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | :---------------------- | :----------------------------------
 Exercise a particular program path with specific input values and verify the results | [TEST()](#simple-tests) | [Test Case][istqb test case]
 
-<!-- mdformat on -->
 
-[istqb test case]: http://glossary.istqb.org/en/search/test%20case
-[istqb test suite]: http://glossary.istqb.org/en/search/test%20suite
+[istqb test case]: https://glossary.istqb.org/en_US/term/test-case
+[istqb test suite]: https://glossary.istqb.org/en_US/term/test-suite
 
 ## Basic Concepts
 
-When using googletest, you start by writing *assertions*, which are statements
+When using GoogleTest, you start by writing *assertions*, which are statements
 that check whether a condition is true. An assertion's result can be *success*,
 *nonfatal failure*, or *fatal failure*. If a fatal failure occurs, it aborts the
 current function; otherwise the program continues normally.
@@ -99,11 +98,11 @@ assertion level and building up to tests and test suites.
 
 ## Assertions
 
-googletest assertions are macros that resemble function calls. You test a class
+GoogleTest assertions are macros that resemble function calls. You test a class
 or function by making assertions about its behavior. When an assertion fails,
-googletest prints the assertion's source file and line number location, along
+GoogleTest prints the assertion's source file and line number location, along
 with a failure message. You may also supply a custom failure message which will
-be appended to googletest's message.
+be appended to GoogleTest's message.
 
 The assertions come in pairs that test the same thing but have different effects
 on the current function. `ASSERT_*` versions generate fatal failures when they
@@ -119,7 +118,9 @@ Depending on the nature of the leak, it may or may not be worth fixing - so keep
 this in mind if you get a heap checker error in addition to assertion errors.
 
 To provide a custom failure message, simply stream it into the macro using the
-`<<` operator or a sequence of such operators. An example:
+`<<` operator or a sequence of such operators. See the following example, using
+the [`ASSERT_EQ` and `EXPECT_EQ`](reference/assertions.md#EXPECT_EQ) macros to
+verify value equality:
 
 ```c++
 ASSERT_EQ(x.size(), y.size()) << "Vectors x and y are of unequal length";
@@ -134,112 +135,12 @@ macro--in particular, C strings and `string` objects. If a wide string
 (`wchar_t*`, `TCHAR*` in `UNICODE` mode on Windows, or `std::wstring`) is
 streamed to an assertion, it will be translated to UTF-8 when printed.
 
-### Basic Assertions
-
-These assertions do basic true/false condition testing.
-
-Fatal assertion            | Nonfatal assertion         | Verifies
--------------------------- | -------------------------- | --------------------
-`ASSERT_TRUE(condition);`  | `EXPECT_TRUE(condition);`  | `condition` is true
-`ASSERT_FALSE(condition);` | `EXPECT_FALSE(condition);` | `condition` is false
-
-Remember, when they fail, `ASSERT_*` yields a fatal failure and returns from the
-current function, while `EXPECT_*` yields a nonfatal failure, allowing the
-function to continue running. In either case, an assertion failure means its
-containing test fails.
-
-**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
-
-### Binary Comparison
-
-This section describes assertions that compare two values.
-
-Fatal assertion          | Nonfatal assertion       | Verifies
------------------------- | ------------------------ | --------------
-`ASSERT_EQ(val1, val2);` | `EXPECT_EQ(val1, val2);` | `val1 == val2`
-`ASSERT_NE(val1, val2);` | `EXPECT_NE(val1, val2);` | `val1 != val2`
-`ASSERT_LT(val1, val2);` | `EXPECT_LT(val1, val2);` | `val1 < val2`
-`ASSERT_LE(val1, val2);` | `EXPECT_LE(val1, val2);` | `val1 <= val2`
-`ASSERT_GT(val1, val2);` | `EXPECT_GT(val1, val2);` | `val1 > val2`
-`ASSERT_GE(val1, val2);` | `EXPECT_GE(val1, val2);` | `val1 >= val2`
-
-Value arguments must be comparable by the assertion's comparison operator or
-you'll get a compiler error. We used to require the arguments to support the
-`<<` operator for streaming to an `ostream`, but this is no longer necessary. If
-`<<` is supported, it will be called to print the arguments when the assertion
-fails; otherwise googletest will attempt to print them in the best way it can.
-For more details and how to customize the printing of the arguments, see the
-[documentation](../../googlemock/docs/cook_book.md#teaching-gmock-how-to-print-your-values).
-
-These assertions can work with a user-defined type, but only if you define the
-corresponding comparison operator (e.g., `==` or `<`). Since this is discouraged
-by the Google
-[C++ Style Guide](https://google.github.io/styleguide/cppguide.html#Operator_Overloading),
-you may need to use `ASSERT_TRUE()` or `EXPECT_TRUE()` to assert the equality of
-two objects of a user-defined type.
-
-However, when possible, `ASSERT_EQ(actual, expected)` is preferred to
-`ASSERT_TRUE(actual == expected)`, since it tells you `actual` and `expected`'s
-values on failure.
-
-Arguments are always evaluated exactly once. Therefore, it's OK for the
-arguments to have side effects. However, as with any ordinary C/C++ function,
-the arguments' evaluation order is undefined (i.e., the compiler is free to
-choose any order), and your code should not depend on any particular argument
-evaluation order.
-
-`ASSERT_EQ()` does pointer equality on pointers. If used on two C strings, it
-tests if they are in the same memory location, not if they have the same value.
-Therefore, if you want to compare C strings (e.g. `const char*`) by value, use
-`ASSERT_STREQ()`, which will be described later on. In particular, to assert
-that a C string is `NULL`, use `ASSERT_STREQ(c_string, NULL)`. Consider using
-`ASSERT_EQ(c_string, nullptr)` if c++11 is supported. To compare two `string`
-objects, you should use `ASSERT_EQ`.
-
-When doing pointer comparisons use `*_EQ(ptr, nullptr)` and `*_NE(ptr, nullptr)`
-instead of `*_EQ(ptr, NULL)` and `*_NE(ptr, NULL)`. This is because `nullptr` is
-typed, while `NULL` is not. See the [FAQ](faq.md) for more details.
-
-If you're working with floating point numbers, you may want to use the floating
-point variations of some of these macros in order to avoid problems caused by
-rounding. See [Advanced googletest Topics](advanced.md) for details.
-
-Macros in this section work with both narrow and wide string objects (`string`
-and `wstring`).
-
-**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
-
-**Historical note**: Before February 2016 `*_EQ` had a convention of calling it
-as `ASSERT_EQ(expected, actual)`, so lots of existing code uses this order. Now
-`*_EQ` treats both parameters in the same way.
-
-### String Comparison
-
-The assertions in this group compare two **C strings**. If you want to compare
-two `string` objects, use `EXPECT_EQ`, `EXPECT_NE`, and etc instead.
-
-<!-- mdformat off(github rendering does not support multiline tables) -->
-
-| Fatal assertion                | Nonfatal assertion             | Verifies                                                 |
-| --------------------------     | ------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------- |
-| `ASSERT_STREQ(str1,str2);`     | `EXPECT_STREQ(str1,str2);`     | the two C strings have the same content   		     |
-| `ASSERT_STRNE(str1,str2);`     | `EXPECT_STRNE(str1,str2);`     | the two C strings have different contents 		     |
-| `ASSERT_STRCASEEQ(str1,str2);` | `EXPECT_STRCASEEQ(str1,str2);` | the two C strings have the same content, ignoring case   |
-| `ASSERT_STRCASENE(str1,str2);` | `EXPECT_STRCASENE(str1,str2);` | the two C strings have different contents, ignoring case |
-
-<!-- mdformat on-->
-
-Note that "CASE" in an assertion name means that case is ignored. A `NULL`
-pointer and an empty string are considered *different*.
-
-`*STREQ*` and `*STRNE*` also accept wide C strings (`wchar_t*`). If a comparison
-of two wide strings fails, their values will be printed as UTF-8 narrow strings.
-
-**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
-
-**See also**: For more string comparison tricks (substring, prefix, suffix, and
-regular expression matching, for example), see [this](advanced.md) in the
-Advanced googletest Guide.
+GoogleTest provides a collection of assertions for verifying the behavior of
+your code in various ways. You can check Boolean conditions, compare values
+based on relational operators, verify string values, floating-point values, and
+much more. There are even assertions that enable you to verify more complex
+states by providing custom predicates. For the complete list of assertions
+provided by GoogleTest, see the [Assertions Reference](reference/assertions.md).
 
 ## Simple Tests
 
@@ -248,7 +149,7 @@ To create a test:
 1.  Use the `TEST()` macro to define and name a test function. These are
     ordinary C++ functions that don't return a value.
 2.  In this function, along with any valid C++ statements you want to include,
-    use the various googletest assertions to check values.
+    use the various GoogleTest assertions to check values.
 3.  The test's result is determined by the assertions; if any assertion in the
     test fails (either fatally or non-fatally), or if the test crashes, the
     entire test fails. Otherwise, it succeeds.
@@ -261,9 +162,9 @@ TEST(TestSuiteName, TestName) {
 
 `TEST()` arguments go from general to specific. The *first* argument is the name
 of the test suite, and the *second* argument is the test's name within the test
-case. Both names must be valid C++ identifiers, and they should not contain
-any underscores (`_`). A test's *full name* consists of its containing test suite and
-its individual name. Tests from different test suites can have the same
+suite. Both names must be valid C++ identifiers, and they should not contain any
+underscores (`_`). A test's *full name* consists of its containing test suite
+and its individual name. Tests from different test suites can have the same
 individual name.
 
 For example, let's take a simple integer function:
@@ -289,7 +190,7 @@ TEST(FactorialTest, HandlesPositiveInput) {
 }
 ```
 
-googletest groups the test results by test suites, so logically related tests
+GoogleTest groups the test results by test suites, so logically related tests
 should be in the same test suite; in other words, the first argument to their
 `TEST()` should be the same. In the above example, we have two tests,
 `HandlesZeroInput` and `HandlesPositiveInput`, that belong to the same test
@@ -309,7 +210,7 @@ objects for several different tests.
 
 To create a fixture:
 
-1.  Derive a class from `::testing::Test` . Start its body with `protected:`, as
+1.  Derive a class from `testing::Test` . Start its body with `protected:`, as
     we'll want to access fixture members from sub-classes.
 2.  Inside the class, declare any objects you plan to use.
 3.  If necessary, write a default constructor or `SetUp()` function to prepare
@@ -326,14 +227,14 @@ When using a fixture, use `TEST_F()` instead of `TEST()` as it allows you to
 access objects and subroutines in the test fixture:
 
 ```c++
-TEST_F(TestFixtureName, TestName) {
+TEST_F(TestFixtureClassName, TestName) {
   ... test body ...
 }
 ```
 
-Like `TEST()`, the first argument is the test suite name, but for `TEST_F()`
-this must be the name of the test fixture class. You've probably guessed: `_F`
-is for fixture.
+Unlike `TEST()`, in `TEST_F()` the first argument must be the name of the test
+fixture class. (`_F` stands for "Fixture"). No test suite name is specified for
+this macro.
 
 Unfortunately, the C++ macro system does not allow us to create a single macro
 that can handle both types of tests. Using the wrong macro causes a compiler
@@ -343,12 +244,12 @@ Also, you must first define a test fixture class before using it in a
 `TEST_F()`, or you'll get the compiler error "`virtual outside class
 declaration`".
 
-For each test defined with `TEST_F()`, googletest will create a *fresh* test
-fixture at runtime, immediately initialize it via `SetUp()`, run the test,
-clean up by calling `TearDown()`, and then delete the test fixture. Note that
+For each test defined with `TEST_F()`, GoogleTest will create a *fresh* test
+fixture at runtime, immediately initialize it via `SetUp()`, run the test, clean
+up by calling `TearDown()`, and then delete the test fixture. Note that
 different tests in the same test suite have different test fixture objects, and
-googletest always deletes a test fixture before it creates the next one.
-googletest does **not** reuse the same test fixture for multiple tests. Any
+GoogleTest always deletes a test fixture before it creates the next one.
+GoogleTest does **not** reuse the same test fixture for multiple tests. Any
 changes one test makes to the fixture do not affect other tests.
 
 As an example, let's write tests for a FIFO queue class named `Queue`, which has
@@ -370,15 +271,16 @@ First, define a fixture class. By convention, you should give it the name
 `FooTest` where `Foo` is the class being tested.
 
 ```c++
-class QueueTest : public ::testing::Test {
+class QueueTest : public testing::Test {
  protected:
-  void SetUp() override {
+  QueueTest() {
+     // q0_ remains empty
      q1_.Enqueue(1);
      q2_.Enqueue(2);
      q2_.Enqueue(3);
   }
 
-  // void TearDown() override {}
+  // ~QueueTest() override = default;
 
   Queue<int> q0_;
   Queue<int> q1_;
@@ -386,8 +288,9 @@ class QueueTest : public ::testing::Test {
 };
 ```
 
-In this case, `TearDown()` is not needed since we don't have to clean up after
-each test, other than what's already done by the destructor.
+In this case, we don't need to define a destructor or a `TearDown()` method,
+because the implicit destructor generated by the compiler will perform all of
+the necessary cleanup.
 
 Now we'll write tests using `TEST_F()` and this fixture.
 
@@ -418,35 +321,33 @@ The above uses both `ASSERT_*` and `EXPECT_*` assertions. The rule of thumb is
 to use `EXPECT_*` when you want the test to continue to reveal more errors after
 the assertion failure, and use `ASSERT_*` when continuing after failure doesn't
 make sense. For example, the second assertion in the `Dequeue` test is
-`ASSERT_NE(nullptr, n)`, as we need to dereference the pointer `n` later, which
+`ASSERT_NE(n, nullptr)`, as we need to dereference the pointer `n` later, which
 would lead to a segfault when `n` is `NULL`.
 
 When these tests run, the following happens:
 
-1.  googletest constructs a `QueueTest` object (let's call it `t1`).
-2.  `t1.SetUp()` initializes `t1`.
-3.  The first test (`IsEmptyInitially`) runs on `t1`.
-4.  `t1.TearDown()` cleans up after the test finishes.
-5.  `t1` is destructed.
-6.  The above steps are repeated on another `QueueTest` object, this time
+1.  GoogleTest constructs a `QueueTest` object (let's call it `t1`).
+2.  The first test (`IsEmptyInitially`) runs on `t1`.
+3.  `t1` is destructed.
+4.  The above steps are repeated on another `QueueTest` object, this time
     running the `DequeueWorks` test.
 
 **Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
 
 ## Invoking the Tests
 
-`TEST()` and `TEST_F()` implicitly register their tests with googletest. So,
+`TEST()` and `TEST_F()` implicitly register their tests with GoogleTest. So,
 unlike with many other C++ testing frameworks, you don't have to re-list all
 your defined tests in order to run them.
 
 After defining your tests, you can run them with `RUN_ALL_TESTS()`, which
 returns `0` if all the tests are successful, or `1` otherwise. Note that
-`RUN_ALL_TESTS()` runs *all tests* in your link unit--they can be from
-different test suites, or even different source files.
+`RUN_ALL_TESTS()` runs *all tests* in your link unit--they can be from different
+test suites, or even different source files.
 
 When invoked, the `RUN_ALL_TESTS()` macro:
 
-*   Saves the state of all googletest flags.
+*   Saves the state of all GoogleTest flags.
 
 *   Creates a test fixture object for the first test.
 
@@ -458,12 +359,13 @@ When invoked, the `RUN_ALL_TESTS()` macro:
 
 *   Deletes the fixture.
 
-*   Restores the state of all googletest flags.
+*   Restores the state of all GoogleTest flags.
 
 *   Repeats the above steps for the next test, until all tests have run.
 
 If a fatal failure happens the subsequent steps will be skipped.
 
+{: .callout .important}
 > IMPORTANT: You must **not** ignore the return value of `RUN_ALL_TESTS()`, or
 > you will get a compiler error. The rationale for this design is that the
 > automated testing service determines whether a test has passed based on its
@@ -471,29 +373,38 @@ If a fatal failure happens the subsequent steps will be skipped.
 > return the value of `RUN_ALL_TESTS()`.
 >
 > Also, you should call `RUN_ALL_TESTS()` only **once**. Calling it more than
-> once conflicts with some advanced googletest features (e.g., thread-safe
+> once conflicts with some advanced GoogleTest features (e.g., thread-safe
 > [death tests](advanced.md#death-tests)) and thus is not supported.
 
 **Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
 
 ## Writing the main() Function
 
-Write your own main() function, which should return the value of
+Most users should *not* need to write their own `main` function and instead link
+with `gtest_main` (as opposed to with `gtest`), which defines a suitable entry
+point. See the end of this section for details. The remainder of this section
+should only apply when you need to do something custom before the tests run that
+cannot be expressed within the framework of fixtures and test suites.
+
+If you write your own `main` function, it should return the value of
 `RUN_ALL_TESTS()`.
 
 You can start from this boilerplate:
 
 ```c++
 #include "this/package/foo.h"
-#include "gtest/gtest.h"
 
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+namespace my {
+namespace project {
 namespace {
 
 // The fixture for testing class Foo.
-class FooTest : public ::testing::Test {
+class FooTest : public testing::Test {
  protected:
-  // You can remove any or all of the following functions if its body
-  // is empty.
+  // You can remove any or all of the following functions if their bodies would
+  // be empty.
 
   FooTest() {
      // You can do set-up work for each test here.
@@ -516,7 +427,8 @@ class FooTest : public ::testing::Test {
      // before the destructor).
   }
 
-  // Objects declared here can be used by all tests in the test suite for Foo.
+  // Class members declared here can be used by all tests in the test suite
+  // for Foo.
 };
 
 // Tests that the Foo::Bar() method does Abc.
@@ -533,34 +445,37 @@ TEST_F(FooTest, DoesXyz) {
 }
 
 }  // namespace
+}  // namespace project
+}  // namespace my
 
 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
-  ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
+  testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
   return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
 }
 ```
 
-The `::testing::InitGoogleTest()` function parses the command line for
-googletest flags, and removes all recognized flags. This allows the user to
-control a test program's behavior via various flags, which we'll cover in
-the [AdvancedGuide](advanced.md). You **must** call this function before calling
+The `testing::InitGoogleTest()` function parses the command line for GoogleTest
+flags, and removes all recognized flags. This allows the user to control a test
+program's behavior via various flags, which we'll cover in the
+[AdvancedGuide](advanced.md). You **must** call this function before calling
 `RUN_ALL_TESTS()`, or the flags won't be properly initialized.
 
 On Windows, `InitGoogleTest()` also works with wide strings, so it can be used
 in programs compiled in `UNICODE` mode as well.
 
-But maybe you think that writing all those main() functions is too much work? We
+But maybe you think that writing all those `main` functions is too much work? We
 agree with you completely, and that's why Google Test provides a basic
 implementation of main(). If it fits your needs, then just link your test with
-gtest\_main library and you are good to go.
+the `gtest_main` library and you are good to go.
 
+{: .callout .note}
 NOTE: `ParseGUnitFlags()` is deprecated in favor of `InitGoogleTest()`.
 
 ## Known Limitations
 
 *   Google Test is designed to be thread-safe. The implementation is thread-safe
     on systems where the `pthreads` library is available. It is currently
-    _unsafe_ to use Google Test assertions from two threads concurrently on
+    *unsafe* to use Google Test assertions from two threads concurrently on
     other systems (e.g. Windows). In most tests this is not an issue as usually
     the assertions are done in the main thread. If you want to help, you can
     volunteer to implement the necessary synchronization primitives in

third_party/libgtest/docs/quickstart-bazel.md

@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+# Quickstart: Building with Bazel
+
+This tutorial aims to get you up and running with GoogleTest using the Bazel
+build system. If you're using GoogleTest for the first time or need a refresher,
+we recommend this tutorial as a starting point.
+
+## Prerequisites
+
+To complete this tutorial, you'll need:
+
+*   A compatible operating system (e.g. Linux, macOS, Windows).
+*   A compatible C++ compiler that supports at least C++14.
+*   [Bazel](https://bazel.build/) 7.0 or higher, the preferred build system used
+    by the GoogleTest team.
+
+See [Supported Platforms](platforms.md) for more information about platforms
+compatible with GoogleTest.
+
+If you don't already have Bazel installed, see the
+[Bazel installation guide](https://bazel.build/install).
+
+{: .callout .note} Note: The terminal commands in this tutorial show a Unix
+shell prompt, but the commands work on the Windows command line as well.
+
+## Set up a Bazel workspace
+
+A
+[Bazel workspace](https://docs.bazel.build/versions/main/build-ref.html#workspace)
+is a directory on your filesystem that you use to manage source files for the
+software you want to build. Each workspace directory has a text file named
+`MODULE.bazel` which may be empty, or may contain references to external
+dependencies required to build the outputs.
+
+First, create a directory for your workspace:
+
+```
+$ mkdir my_workspace && cd my_workspace
+```
+
+Next, you’ll create the `MODULE.bazel` file to specify dependencies. As of Bazel
+7.0, the recommended way to consume GoogleTest is through the
+[Bazel Central Registry](https://registry.bazel.build/modules/googletest). To do
+this, create a `MODULE.bazel` file in the root directory of your Bazel workspace
+with the following content:
+
+```
+# MODULE.bazel
+
+# Choose the most recent version available at
+# https://registry.bazel.build/modules/googletest
+bazel_dep(name = "googletest", version = "1.15.2")
+```
+
+Now you're ready to build C++ code that uses GoogleTest.
+
+## Create and run a binary
+
+With your Bazel workspace set up, you can now use GoogleTest code within your
+own project.
+
+As an example, create a file named `hello_test.cc` in your `my_workspace`
+directory with the following contents:
+
+```cpp
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+// Demonstrate some basic assertions.
+TEST(HelloTest, BasicAssertions) {
+  // Expect two strings not to be equal.
+  EXPECT_STRNE("hello", "world");
+  // Expect equality.
+  EXPECT_EQ(7 * 6, 42);
+}
+```
+
+GoogleTest provides [assertions](primer.md#assertions) that you use to test the
+behavior of your code. The above sample includes the main GoogleTest header file
+and demonstrates some basic assertions.
+
+To build the code, create a file named `BUILD` in the same directory with the
+following contents:
+
+```
+cc_test(
+    name = "hello_test",
+    size = "small",
+    srcs = ["hello_test.cc"],
+    deps = [
+        "@googletest//:gtest",
+        "@googletest//:gtest_main",
+    ],
+)
+```
+
+This `cc_test` rule declares the C++ test binary you want to build, and links to
+the GoogleTest library (`@googletest//:gtest"`) and the GoogleTest `main()`
+function (`@googletest//:gtest_main`). For more information about Bazel `BUILD`
+files, see the
+[Bazel C++ Tutorial](https://docs.bazel.build/versions/main/tutorial/cpp.html).
+
+{: .callout .note}
+NOTE: In the example below, we assume Clang or GCC and set `--cxxopt=-std=c++14`
+to ensure that GoogleTest is compiled as C++14 instead of the compiler's default
+setting (which could be C++11). For MSVC, the equivalent would be
+`--cxxopt=/std:c++14`. See [Supported Platforms](platforms.md) for more details
+on supported language versions.
+
+Now you can build and run your test:
+
+<pre>
+<strong>$ bazel test --cxxopt=-std=c++14 --test_output=all //:hello_test</strong>
+INFO: Analyzed target //:hello_test (26 packages loaded, 362 targets configured).
+INFO: Found 1 test target...
+INFO: From Testing //:hello_test:
+==================== Test output for //:hello_test:
+Running main() from gmock_main.cc
+[==========] Running 1 test from 1 test suite.
+[----------] Global test environment set-up.
+[----------] 1 test from HelloTest
+[ RUN      ] HelloTest.BasicAssertions
+[       OK ] HelloTest.BasicAssertions (0 ms)
+[----------] 1 test from HelloTest (0 ms total)
+
+[----------] Global test environment tear-down
+[==========] 1 test from 1 test suite ran. (0 ms total)
+[  PASSED  ] 1 test.
+================================================================================
+Target //:hello_test up-to-date:
+  bazel-bin/hello_test
+INFO: Elapsed time: 4.190s, Critical Path: 3.05s
+INFO: 27 processes: 8 internal, 19 linux-sandbox.
+INFO: Build completed successfully, 27 total actions
+//:hello_test                                                     PASSED in 0.1s
+
+INFO: Build completed successfully, 27 total actions
+</pre>
+
+Congratulations! You've successfully built and run a test binary using
+GoogleTest.
+
+## Next steps
+
+*   [Check out the Primer](primer.md) to start learning how to write simple
+    tests.
+*   [See the code samples](samples.md) for more examples showing how to use a
+    variety of GoogleTest features.

third_party/libgtest/docs/quickstart-cmake.md

@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+# Quickstart: Building with CMake
+
+This tutorial aims to get you up and running with GoogleTest using CMake. If
+you're using GoogleTest for the first time or need a refresher, we recommend
+this tutorial as a starting point. If your project uses Bazel, see the
+[Quickstart for Bazel](quickstart-bazel.md) instead.
+
+## Prerequisites
+
+To complete this tutorial, you'll need:
+
+*   A compatible operating system (e.g. Linux, macOS, Windows).
+*   A compatible C++ compiler that supports at least C++14.
+*   [CMake](https://cmake.org/) and a compatible build tool for building the
+    project.
+    *   Compatible build tools include
+        [Make](https://www.gnu.org/software/make/),
+        [Ninja](https://ninja-build.org/), and others - see
+        [CMake Generators](https://cmake.org/cmake/help/latest/manual/cmake-generators.7.html)
+        for more information.
+
+See [Supported Platforms](platforms.md) for more information about platforms
+compatible with GoogleTest.
+
+If you don't already have CMake installed, see the
+[CMake installation guide](https://cmake.org/install).
+
+{: .callout .note}
+Note: The terminal commands in this tutorial show a Unix shell prompt, but the
+commands work on the Windows command line as well.
+
+## Set up a project
+
+CMake uses a file named `CMakeLists.txt` to configure the build system for a
+project. You'll use this file to set up your project and declare a dependency on
+GoogleTest.
+
+First, create a directory for your project:
+
+```
+$ mkdir my_project && cd my_project
+```
+
+Next, you'll create the `CMakeLists.txt` file and declare a dependency on
+GoogleTest. There are many ways to express dependencies in the CMake ecosystem;
+in this quickstart, you'll use the
+[`FetchContent` CMake module](https://cmake.org/cmake/help/latest/module/FetchContent.html).
+To do this, in your project directory (`my_project`), create a file named
+`CMakeLists.txt` with the following contents:
+
+```cmake
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.14)
+project(my_project)
+
+# GoogleTest requires at least C++14
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 14)
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
+
+include(FetchContent)
+FetchContent_Declare(
+  googletest
+  URL https://github.com/google/googletest/archive/03597a01ee50ed33e9dfd640b249b4be3799d395.zip
+)
+# For Windows: Prevent overriding the parent project's compiler/linker settings
+set(gtest_force_shared_crt ON CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
+FetchContent_MakeAvailable(googletest)
+```
+
+The above configuration declares a dependency on GoogleTest which is downloaded
+from GitHub. In the above example, `03597a01ee50ed33e9dfd640b249b4be3799d395` is
+the Git commit hash of the GoogleTest version to use; we recommend updating the
+hash often to point to the latest version.
+
+For more information about how to create `CMakeLists.txt` files, see the
+[CMake Tutorial](https://cmake.org/cmake/help/latest/guide/tutorial/index.html).
+
+## Create and run a binary
+
+With GoogleTest declared as a dependency, you can use GoogleTest code within
+your own project.
+
+As an example, create a file named `hello_test.cc` in your `my_project`
+directory with the following contents:
+
+```cpp
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+// Demonstrate some basic assertions.
+TEST(HelloTest, BasicAssertions) {
+  // Expect two strings not to be equal.
+  EXPECT_STRNE("hello", "world");
+  // Expect equality.
+  EXPECT_EQ(7 * 6, 42);
+}
+```
+
+GoogleTest provides [assertions](primer.md#assertions) that you use to test the
+behavior of your code. The above sample includes the main GoogleTest header file
+and demonstrates some basic assertions.
+
+To build the code, add the following to the end of your `CMakeLists.txt` file:
+
+```cmake
+enable_testing()
+
+add_executable(
+  hello_test
+  hello_test.cc
+)
+target_link_libraries(
+  hello_test
+  GTest::gtest_main
+)
+
+include(GoogleTest)
+gtest_discover_tests(hello_test)
+```
+
+The above configuration enables testing in CMake, declares the C++ test binary
+you want to build (`hello_test`), and links it to GoogleTest (`gtest_main`). The
+last two lines enable CMake's test runner to discover the tests included in the
+binary, using the
+[`GoogleTest` CMake module](https://cmake.org/cmake/help/git-stage/module/GoogleTest.html).
+
+Now you can build and run your test:
+
+<pre>
+<strong>my_project$ cmake -S . -B build</strong>
+-- The C compiler identification is GNU 10.2.1
+-- The CXX compiler identification is GNU 10.2.1
+...
+-- Build files have been written to: .../my_project/build
+
+<strong>my_project$ cmake --build build</strong>
+Scanning dependencies of target gtest
+...
+[100%] Built target gmock_main
+
+<strong>my_project$ cd build && ctest</strong>
+Test project .../my_project/build
+    Start 1: HelloTest.BasicAssertions
+1/1 Test #1: HelloTest.BasicAssertions ........   Passed    0.00 sec
+
+100% tests passed, 0 tests failed out of 1
+
+Total Test time (real) =   0.01 sec
+</pre>
+
+Congratulations! You've successfully built and run a test binary using
+GoogleTest.
+
+## Next steps
+
+*   [Check out the Primer](primer.md) to start learning how to write simple
+    tests.
+*   [See the code samples](samples.md) for more examples showing how to use a
+    variety of GoogleTest features.

third_party/libgtest/docs/reference/actions.md

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+# Actions Reference
+
+[**Actions**](../gmock_for_dummies.md#actions-what-should-it-do) specify what a
+mock function should do when invoked. This page lists the built-in actions
+provided by GoogleTest. All actions are defined in the `::testing` namespace.
+
+## Returning a Value
+
+| Action                            | Description                                   |
+| :-------------------------------- | :-------------------------------------------- |
+| `Return()`                        | Return from a `void` mock function.           |
+| `Return(value)`                   | Return `value`. If the type of `value` is     different to the mock function's return type, `value` is converted to the latter type <i>at the time the expectation is set</i>, not when the action is executed. |
+| `ReturnArg<N>()`                  | Return the `N`-th (0-based) argument.         |
+| `ReturnNew<T>(a1, ..., ak)`       | Return `new T(a1, ..., ak)`; a different      object is created each time. |
+| `ReturnNull()`                    | Return a null pointer.                        |
+| `ReturnPointee(ptr)`              | Return the value pointed to by `ptr`.         |
+| `ReturnRef(variable)`             | Return a reference to `variable`.             |
+| `ReturnRefOfCopy(value)`          | Return a reference to a copy of `value`; the  copy lives as long as the action. |
+| `ReturnRoundRobin({a1, ..., ak})` | Each call will return the next `ai` in the list, starting at the beginning when the end of the list is reached. |
+
+## Side Effects
+
+| Action                             | Description                             |
+| :--------------------------------- | :-------------------------------------- |
+| `Assign(&variable, value)` | Assign `value` to variable. |
+| `DeleteArg<N>()` | Delete the `N`-th (0-based) argument, which must be a pointer. |
+| `SaveArg<N>(pointer)` | Save the `N`-th (0-based) argument to `*pointer` by copy-assignment. |
+| `SaveArgByMove<N>(pointer)` | Save the `N`-th (0-based) argument to `*pointer` by move-assignment. |
+| `SaveArgPointee<N>(pointer)` | Save the value pointed to by the `N`-th (0-based) argument to `*pointer`. |
+| `SetArgReferee<N>(value)` | Assign `value` to the variable referenced by the `N`-th (0-based) argument. |
+| `SetArgPointee<N>(value)` | Assign `value` to the variable pointed by the `N`-th (0-based) argument. |
+| `SetArgumentPointee<N>(value)` | Same as `SetArgPointee<N>(value)`. Deprecated. Will be removed in v1.7.0. |
+| `SetArrayArgument<N>(first, last)` | Copies the elements in source range [`first`, `last`) to the array pointed to by the `N`-th (0-based) argument, which can be either a pointer or an iterator. The action does not take ownership of the elements in the source range. |
+| `SetErrnoAndReturn(error, value)` | Set `errno` to `error` and return `value`. |
+| `Throw(exception)` | Throws the given exception, which can be any copyable value. Available since v1.1.0. |
+
+## Using a Function, Functor, or Lambda as an Action
+
+In the following, by "callable" we mean a free function, `std::function`,
+functor, or lambda.
+
+| Action                              | Description                            |
+| :---------------------------------- | :------------------------------------- |
+| `f` | Invoke `f` with the arguments passed to the mock function, where `f` is a callable. |
+| `Invoke(f)` | Invoke `f` with the arguments passed to the mock function, where `f` can be a global/static function or a functor. |
+| `Invoke(object_pointer, &class::method)` | Invoke the method on the object with the arguments passed to the mock function. |
+| `InvokeWithoutArgs(f)` | Invoke `f`, which can be a global/static function or a functor. `f` must take no arguments. |
+| `InvokeWithoutArgs(object_pointer, &class::method)` | Invoke the method on the object, which takes no arguments. |
+| `InvokeArgument<N>(arg1, arg2, ..., argk)` | Invoke the mock function's `N`-th (0-based) argument, which must be a function or a functor, with the `k` arguments. |
+
+The return value of the invoked function is used as the return value of the
+action.
+
+When defining a callable to be used with `Invoke*()`, you can declare any unused
+parameters as `Unused`:
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::Invoke;
+double Distance(Unused, double x, double y) { return sqrt(x*x + y*y); }
+...
+EXPECT_CALL(mock, Foo("Hi", _, _)).WillOnce(Invoke(Distance));
+```
+
+`Invoke(callback)` and `InvokeWithoutArgs(callback)` take ownership of
+`callback`, which must be permanent. The type of `callback` must be a base
+callback type instead of a derived one, e.g.
+
+```cpp
+  BlockingClosure* done = new BlockingClosure;
+  ... Invoke(done) ...;  // This won't compile!
+
+  Closure* done2 = new BlockingClosure;
+  ... Invoke(done2) ...;  // This works.
+```
+
+In `InvokeArgument<N>(...)`, if an argument needs to be passed by reference,
+wrap it inside `std::ref()`. For example,
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::InvokeArgument;
+...
+InvokeArgument<2>(5, string("Hi"), std::ref(foo))
+```
+
+calls the mock function's #2 argument, passing to it `5` and `string("Hi")` by
+value, and `foo` by reference.
+
+## Default Action
+
+| Action        | Description                                            |
+| :------------ | :----------------------------------------------------- |
+| `DoDefault()` | Do the default action (specified by `ON_CALL()` or the built-in one). |
+
+{: .callout .note}
+**Note:** due to technical reasons, `DoDefault()` cannot be used inside a
+composite action - trying to do so will result in a run-time error.
+
+## Composite Actions
+
+| Action                         | Description                                 |
+| :----------------------------- | :------------------------------------------ |
+| `DoAll(a1, a2, ..., an)`       | Do all actions `a1` to `an` and return the result of `an` in each invocation. The first `n - 1` sub-actions must return void and will receive a  readonly view of the arguments. |
+| `IgnoreResult(a)`              | Perform action `a` and ignore its result. `a` must not return void. |
+| `WithArg<N>(a)`                | Pass the `N`-th (0-based) argument of the mock function to action `a` and perform it. |
+| `WithArgs<N1, N2, ..., Nk>(a)` | Pass the selected (0-based) arguments of the mock function to action `a` and perform it. |
+| `WithoutArgs(a)`               | Perform action `a` without any arguments. |
+
+## Defining Actions
+
+| Macro                              | Description                             |
+| :--------------------------------- | :-------------------------------------- |
+| `ACTION(Sum) { return arg0 + arg1; }` | Defines an action `Sum()` to return the sum of the mock function's argument #0 and #1. |
+| `ACTION_P(Plus, n) { return arg0 + n; }` | Defines an action `Plus(n)` to return the sum of the mock function's argument #0 and `n`. |
+| `ACTION_Pk(Foo, p1, ..., pk) { statements; }` | Defines a parameterized action `Foo(p1, ..., pk)` to execute the given `statements`. |
+
+The `ACTION*` macros cannot be used inside a function or class.

third_party/libgtest/docs/reference/assertions.md

@@ -0,0 +1,640 @@
+# Assertions Reference
+
+This page lists the assertion macros provided by GoogleTest for verifying code
+behavior. To use them, add `#include <gtest/gtest.h>`.
+
+The majority of the macros listed below come as a pair with an `EXPECT_` variant
+and an `ASSERT_` variant. Upon failure, `EXPECT_` macros generate nonfatal
+failures and allow the current function to continue running, while `ASSERT_`
+macros generate fatal failures and abort the current function.
+
+All assertion macros support streaming a custom failure message into them with
+the `<<` operator, for example:
+
+```cpp
+EXPECT_TRUE(my_condition) << "My condition is not true";
+```
+
+Anything that can be streamed to an `ostream` can be streamed to an assertion
+macro—in particular, C strings and string objects. If a wide string (`wchar_t*`,
+`TCHAR*` in `UNICODE` mode on Windows, or `std::wstring`) is streamed to an
+assertion, it will be translated to UTF-8 when printed.
+
+## Explicit Success and Failure {#success-failure}
+
+The assertions in this section generate a success or failure directly instead of
+testing a value or expression. These are useful when control flow, rather than a
+Boolean expression, determines the test's success or failure, as shown by the
+following example:
+
+```c++
+switch(expression) {
+  case 1:
+    ... some checks ...
+  case 2:
+    ... some other checks ...
+  default:
+    FAIL() << "We shouldn't get here.";
+}
+```
+
+### SUCCEED {#SUCCEED}
+
+`SUCCEED()`
+
+Generates a success. This *does not* make the overall test succeed. A test is
+considered successful only if none of its assertions fail during its execution.
+
+The `SUCCEED` assertion is purely documentary and currently doesn't generate any
+user-visible output. However, we may add `SUCCEED` messages to GoogleTest output
+in the future.
+
+### FAIL {#FAIL}
+
+`FAIL()`
+
+Generates a fatal failure, which returns from the current function.
+
+Can only be used in functions that return `void`. See
+[Assertion Placement](../advanced.md#assertion-placement) for more information.
+
+### ADD_FAILURE {#ADD_FAILURE}
+
+`ADD_FAILURE()`
+
+Generates a nonfatal failure, which allows the current function to continue
+running.
+
+### ADD_FAILURE_AT {#ADD_FAILURE_AT}
+
+`ADD_FAILURE_AT(`*`file_path`*`,`*`line_number`*`)`
+
+Generates a nonfatal failure at the file and line number specified.
+
+## Generalized Assertion {#generalized}
+
+The following assertion allows [matchers](matchers.md) to be used to verify
+values.
+
+### EXPECT_THAT {#EXPECT_THAT}
+
+`EXPECT_THAT(`*`value`*`,`*`matcher`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_THAT(`*`value`*`,`*`matcher`*`)`
+
+Verifies that *`value`* matches the [matcher](matchers.md) *`matcher`*.
+
+For example, the following code verifies that the string `value1` starts with
+`"Hello"`, `value2` matches a regular expression, and `value3` is between 5 and
+10:
+
+```cpp
+#include <gmock/gmock.h>
+
+using ::testing::AllOf;
+using ::testing::Gt;
+using ::testing::Lt;
+using ::testing::MatchesRegex;
+using ::testing::StartsWith;
+
+...
+EXPECT_THAT(value1, StartsWith("Hello"));
+EXPECT_THAT(value2, MatchesRegex("Line \\d+"));
+ASSERT_THAT(value3, AllOf(Gt(5), Lt(10)));
+```
+
+Matchers enable assertions of this form to read like English and generate
+informative failure messages. For example, if the above assertion on `value1`
+fails, the resulting message will be similar to the following:
+
+```
+Value of: value1
+  Actual: "Hi, world!"
+Expected: starts with "Hello"
+```
+
+GoogleTest provides a built-in library of matchers—see the
+[Matchers Reference](matchers.md). It is also possible to write your own
+matchers—see [Writing New Matchers Quickly](../gmock_cook_book.md#NewMatchers).
+The use of matchers makes `EXPECT_THAT` a powerful, extensible assertion.
+
+*The idea for this assertion was borrowed from Joe Walnes' Hamcrest project,
+which adds `assertThat()` to JUnit.*
+
+## Boolean Conditions {#boolean}
+
+The following assertions test Boolean conditions.
+
+### EXPECT_TRUE {#EXPECT_TRUE}
+
+`EXPECT_TRUE(`*`condition`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_TRUE(`*`condition`*`)`
+
+Verifies that *`condition`* is true.
+
+### EXPECT_FALSE {#EXPECT_FALSE}
+
+`EXPECT_FALSE(`*`condition`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_FALSE(`*`condition`*`)`
+
+Verifies that *`condition`* is false.
+
+## Binary Comparison {#binary-comparison}
+
+The following assertions compare two values. The value arguments must be
+comparable by the assertion's comparison operator, otherwise a compiler error
+will result.
+
+If an argument supports the `<<` operator, it will be called to print the
+argument when the assertion fails. Otherwise, GoogleTest will attempt to print
+them in the best way it can—see
+[Teaching GoogleTest How to Print Your Values](../advanced.md#teaching-googletest-how-to-print-your-values).
+
+Arguments are always evaluated exactly once, so it's OK for the arguments to
+have side effects. However, the argument evaluation order is undefined and
+programs should not depend on any particular argument evaluation order.
+
+These assertions work with both narrow and wide string objects (`string` and
+`wstring`).
+
+See also the [Floating-Point Comparison](#floating-point) assertions to compare
+floating-point numbers and avoid problems caused by rounding.
+
+### EXPECT_EQ {#EXPECT_EQ}
+
+`EXPECT_EQ(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_EQ(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)`
+
+Verifies that *`val1`*`==`*`val2`*.
+
+Does pointer equality on pointers. If used on two C strings, it tests if they
+are in the same memory location, not if they have the same value. Use
+[`EXPECT_STREQ`](#EXPECT_STREQ) to compare C strings (e.g. `const char*`) by
+value.
+
+When comparing a pointer to `NULL`, use `EXPECT_EQ(`*`ptr`*`, nullptr)` instead
+of `EXPECT_EQ(`*`ptr`*`, NULL)`.
+
+### EXPECT_NE {#EXPECT_NE}
+
+`EXPECT_NE(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_NE(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)`
+
+Verifies that *`val1`*`!=`*`val2`*.
+
+Does pointer equality on pointers. If used on two C strings, it tests if they
+are in different memory locations, not if they have different values. Use
+[`EXPECT_STRNE`](#EXPECT_STRNE) to compare C strings (e.g. `const char*`) by
+value.
+
+When comparing a pointer to `NULL`, use `EXPECT_NE(`*`ptr`*`, nullptr)` instead
+of `EXPECT_NE(`*`ptr`*`, NULL)`.
+
+### EXPECT_LT {#EXPECT_LT}
+
+`EXPECT_LT(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_LT(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)`
+
+Verifies that *`val1`*`<`*`val2`*.
+
+### EXPECT_LE {#EXPECT_LE}
+
+`EXPECT_LE(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_LE(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)`
+
+Verifies that *`val1`*`<=`*`val2`*.
+
+### EXPECT_GT {#EXPECT_GT}
+
+`EXPECT_GT(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_GT(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)`
+
+Verifies that *`val1`*`>`*`val2`*.
+
+### EXPECT_GE {#EXPECT_GE}
+
+`EXPECT_GE(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_GE(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)`
+
+Verifies that *`val1`*`>=`*`val2`*.
+
+## String Comparison {#c-strings}
+
+The following assertions compare two **C strings**. To compare two `string`
+objects, use [`EXPECT_EQ`](#EXPECT_EQ) or [`EXPECT_NE`](#EXPECT_NE) instead.
+
+These assertions also accept wide C strings (`wchar_t*`). If a comparison of two
+wide strings fails, their values will be printed as UTF-8 narrow strings.
+
+To compare a C string with `NULL`, use `EXPECT_EQ(`*`c_string`*`, nullptr)` or
+`EXPECT_NE(`*`c_string`*`, nullptr)`.
+
+### EXPECT_STREQ {#EXPECT_STREQ}
+
+`EXPECT_STREQ(`*`str1`*`,`*`str2`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_STREQ(`*`str1`*`,`*`str2`*`)`
+
+Verifies that the two C strings *`str1`* and *`str2`* have the same contents.
+
+### EXPECT_STRNE {#EXPECT_STRNE}
+
+`EXPECT_STRNE(`*`str1`*`,`*`str2`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_STRNE(`*`str1`*`,`*`str2`*`)`
+
+Verifies that the two C strings *`str1`* and *`str2`* have different contents.
+
+### EXPECT_STRCASEEQ {#EXPECT_STRCASEEQ}
+
+`EXPECT_STRCASEEQ(`*`str1`*`,`*`str2`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_STRCASEEQ(`*`str1`*`,`*`str2`*`)`
+
+Verifies that the two C strings *`str1`* and *`str2`* have the same contents,
+ignoring case.
+
+### EXPECT_STRCASENE {#EXPECT_STRCASENE}
+
+`EXPECT_STRCASENE(`*`str1`*`,`*`str2`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_STRCASENE(`*`str1`*`,`*`str2`*`)`
+
+Verifies that the two C strings *`str1`* and *`str2`* have different contents,
+ignoring case.
+
+## Floating-Point Comparison {#floating-point}
+
+The following assertions compare two floating-point values.
+
+Due to rounding errors, it is very unlikely that two floating-point values will
+match exactly, so `EXPECT_EQ` is not suitable. In general, for floating-point
+comparison to make sense, the user needs to carefully choose the error bound.
+
+GoogleTest also provides assertions that use a default error bound based on
+Units in the Last Place (ULPs). To learn more about ULPs, see the article
+[Comparing Floating Point Numbers](https://randomascii.wordpress.com/2012/02/25/comparing-floating-point-numbers-2012-edition/).
+
+### EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ {#EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ}
+
+`EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_FLOAT_EQ(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)`
+
+Verifies that the two `float` values *`val1`* and *`val2`* are approximately
+equal, to within 4 ULPs from each other. Infinity and the largest finite float
+value are considered to be one ULP apart.
+
+### EXPECT_DOUBLE_EQ {#EXPECT_DOUBLE_EQ}
+
+`EXPECT_DOUBLE_EQ(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_DOUBLE_EQ(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)`
+
+Verifies that the two `double` values *`val1`* and *`val2`* are approximately
+equal, to within 4 ULPs from each other. Infinity and the largest finite double
+value are considered to be one ULP apart.
+
+### EXPECT_NEAR {#EXPECT_NEAR}
+
+`EXPECT_NEAR(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`,`*`abs_error`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_NEAR(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`,`*`abs_error`*`)`
+
+Verifies that the difference between *`val1`* and *`val2`* does not exceed the
+absolute error bound *`abs_error`*.
+
+If *`val`* and *`val2`* are both infinity of the same sign, the difference is
+considered to be 0. Otherwise, if either value is infinity, the difference is
+considered to be infinity. All non-NaN values (including infinity) are
+considered to not exceed an *`abs_error`* of infinity.
+
+## Exception Assertions {#exceptions}
+
+The following assertions verify that a piece of code throws, or does not throw,
+an exception. Usage requires exceptions to be enabled in the build environment.
+
+Note that the piece of code under test can be a compound statement, for example:
+
+```cpp
+EXPECT_NO_THROW({
+  int n = 5;
+  DoSomething(&n);
+});
+```
+
+### EXPECT_THROW {#EXPECT_THROW}
+
+`EXPECT_THROW(`*`statement`*`,`*`exception_type`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_THROW(`*`statement`*`,`*`exception_type`*`)`
+
+Verifies that *`statement`* throws an exception of type *`exception_type`*.
+
+### EXPECT_ANY_THROW {#EXPECT_ANY_THROW}
+
+`EXPECT_ANY_THROW(`*`statement`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_ANY_THROW(`*`statement`*`)`
+
+Verifies that *`statement`* throws an exception of any type.
+
+### EXPECT_NO_THROW {#EXPECT_NO_THROW}
+
+`EXPECT_NO_THROW(`*`statement`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_NO_THROW(`*`statement`*`)`
+
+Verifies that *`statement`* does not throw any exception.
+
+## Predicate Assertions {#predicates}
+
+The following assertions enable more complex predicates to be verified while
+printing a more clear failure message than if `EXPECT_TRUE` were used alone.
+
+### EXPECT_PRED* {#EXPECT_PRED}
+
+`EXPECT_PRED1(`*`pred`*`,`*`val1`*`)` \
+`EXPECT_PRED2(`*`pred`*`,`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)` \
+`EXPECT_PRED3(`*`pred`*`,`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`,`*`val3`*`)` \
+`EXPECT_PRED4(`*`pred`*`,`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`,`*`val3`*`,`*`val4`*`)` \
+`EXPECT_PRED5(`*`pred`*`,`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`,`*`val3`*`,`*`val4`*`,`*`val5`*`)`
+
+`ASSERT_PRED1(`*`pred`*`,`*`val1`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_PRED2(`*`pred`*`,`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_PRED3(`*`pred`*`,`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`,`*`val3`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_PRED4(`*`pred`*`,`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`,`*`val3`*`,`*`val4`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_PRED5(`*`pred`*`,`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`,`*`val3`*`,`*`val4`*`,`*`val5`*`)`
+
+Verifies that the predicate *`pred`* returns `true` when passed the given values
+as arguments.
+
+The parameter *`pred`* is a function or functor that accepts as many arguments
+as the corresponding macro accepts values. If *`pred`* returns `true` for the
+given arguments, the assertion succeeds, otherwise the assertion fails.
+
+When the assertion fails, it prints the value of each argument. Arguments are
+always evaluated exactly once.
+
+As an example, see the following code:
+
+```cpp
+// Returns true if m and n have no common divisors except 1.
+bool MutuallyPrime(int m, int n) { ... }
+...
+const int a = 3;
+const int b = 4;
+const int c = 10;
+...
+EXPECT_PRED2(MutuallyPrime, a, b);  // Succeeds
+EXPECT_PRED2(MutuallyPrime, b, c);  // Fails
+```
+
+In the above example, the first assertion succeeds, and the second fails with
+the following message:
+
+```
+MutuallyPrime(b, c) is false, where
+b is 4
+c is 10
+```
+
+Note that if the given predicate is an overloaded function or a function
+template, the assertion macro might not be able to determine which version to
+use, and it might be necessary to explicitly specify the type of the function.
+For example, for a Boolean function `IsPositive()` overloaded to take either a
+single `int` or `double` argument, it would be necessary to write one of the
+following:
+
+```cpp
+EXPECT_PRED1(static_cast<bool (*)(int)>(IsPositive), 5);
+EXPECT_PRED1(static_cast<bool (*)(double)>(IsPositive), 3.14);
+```
+
+Writing simply `EXPECT_PRED1(IsPositive, 5);` would result in a compiler error.
+Similarly, to use a template function, specify the template arguments:
+
+```cpp
+template <typename T>
+bool IsNegative(T x) {
+  return x < 0;
+}
+...
+EXPECT_PRED1(IsNegative<int>, -5);  // Must specify type for IsNegative
+```
+
+If a template has multiple parameters, wrap the predicate in parentheses so the
+macro arguments are parsed correctly:
+
+```cpp
+ASSERT_PRED2((MyPredicate<int, int>), 5, 0);
+```
+
+### EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT* {#EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT}
+
+`EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT1(`*`pred_formatter`*`,`*`val1`*`)` \
+`EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(`*`pred_formatter`*`,`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)` \
+`EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT3(`*`pred_formatter`*`,`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`,`*`val3`*`)` \
+`EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT4(`*`pred_formatter`*`,`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`,`*`val3`*`,`*`val4`*`)`
+\
+`EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT5(`*`pred_formatter`*`,`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`,`*`val3`*`,`*`val4`*`,`*`val5`*`)`
+
+`ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT1(`*`pred_formatter`*`,`*`val1`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT2(`*`pred_formatter`*`,`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT3(`*`pred_formatter`*`,`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`,`*`val3`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT4(`*`pred_formatter`*`,`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`,`*`val3`*`,`*`val4`*`)`
+\
+`ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT5(`*`pred_formatter`*`,`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`,`*`val3`*`,`*`val4`*`,`*`val5`*`)`
+
+Verifies that the predicate *`pred_formatter`* succeeds when passed the given
+values as arguments.
+
+The parameter *`pred_formatter`* is a *predicate-formatter*, which is a function
+or functor with the signature:
+
+```cpp
+testing::AssertionResult PredicateFormatter(const char* expr1,
+                                            const char* expr2,
+                                            ...
+                                            const char* exprn,
+                                            T1 val1,
+                                            T2 val2,
+                                            ...
+                                            Tn valn);
+```
+
+where *`val1`*, *`val2`*, ..., *`valn`* are the values of the predicate
+arguments, and *`expr1`*, *`expr2`*, ..., *`exprn`* are the corresponding
+expressions as they appear in the source code. The types `T1`, `T2`, ..., `Tn`
+can be either value types or reference types; if an argument has type `T`, it
+can be declared as either `T` or `const T&`, whichever is appropriate. For more
+about the return type `testing::AssertionResult`, see
+[Using a Function That Returns an AssertionResult](../advanced.md#using-a-function-that-returns-an-assertionresult).
+
+As an example, see the following code:
+
+```cpp
+// Returns the smallest prime common divisor of m and n,
+// or 1 when m and n are mutually prime.
+int SmallestPrimeCommonDivisor(int m, int n) { ... }
+
+// Returns true if m and n have no common divisors except 1.
+bool MutuallyPrime(int m, int n) { ... }
+
+// A predicate-formatter for asserting that two integers are mutually prime.
+testing::AssertionResult AssertMutuallyPrime(const char* m_expr,
+                                             const char* n_expr,
+                                             int m,
+                                             int n) {
+  if (MutuallyPrime(m, n)) return testing::AssertionSuccess();
+
+  return testing::AssertionFailure() << m_expr << " and " << n_expr
+      << " (" << m << " and " << n << ") are not mutually prime, "
+      << "as they have a common divisor " << SmallestPrimeCommonDivisor(m, n);
+}
+
+...
+const int a = 3;
+const int b = 4;
+const int c = 10;
+...
+EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(AssertMutuallyPrime, a, b);  // Succeeds
+EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(AssertMutuallyPrime, b, c);  // Fails
+```
+
+In the above example, the final assertion fails and the predicate-formatter
+produces the following failure message:
+
+```
+b and c (4 and 10) are not mutually prime, as they have a common divisor 2
+```
+
+## Windows HRESULT Assertions {#HRESULT}
+
+The following assertions test for `HRESULT` success or failure. For example:
+
+```cpp
+CComPtr<IShellDispatch2> shell;
+ASSERT_HRESULT_SUCCEEDED(shell.CoCreateInstance(L"Shell.Application"));
+CComVariant empty;
+ASSERT_HRESULT_SUCCEEDED(shell->ShellExecute(CComBSTR(url), empty, empty, empty, empty));
+```
+
+The generated output contains the human-readable error message associated with
+the returned `HRESULT` code.
+
+### EXPECT_HRESULT_SUCCEEDED {#EXPECT_HRESULT_SUCCEEDED}
+
+`EXPECT_HRESULT_SUCCEEDED(`*`expression`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_HRESULT_SUCCEEDED(`*`expression`*`)`
+
+Verifies that *`expression`* is a success `HRESULT`.
+
+### EXPECT_HRESULT_FAILED {#EXPECT_HRESULT_FAILED}
+
+`EXPECT_HRESULT_FAILED(`*`expression`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_HRESULT_FAILED(`*`expression`*`)`
+
+Verifies that *`expression`* is a failure `HRESULT`.
+
+## Death Assertions {#death}
+
+The following assertions verify that a piece of code causes the process to
+terminate. For context, see [Death Tests](../advanced.md#death-tests).
+
+These assertions spawn a new process and execute the code under test in that
+process. How that happens depends on the platform and the variable
+`::testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style)`, which is initialized from the
+command-line flag `--gtest_death_test_style`.
+
+*   On POSIX systems, `fork()` (or `clone()` on Linux) is used to spawn the
+    child, after which:
+    *   If the variable's value is `"fast"`, the death test statement is
+        immediately executed.
+    *   If the variable's value is `"threadsafe"`, the child process re-executes
+        the unit test binary just as it was originally invoked, but with some
+        extra flags to cause just the single death test under consideration to
+        be run.
+*   On Windows, the child is spawned using the `CreateProcess()` API, and
+    re-executes the binary to cause just the single death test under
+    consideration to be run - much like the `"threadsafe"` mode on POSIX.
+
+Other values for the variable are illegal and will cause the death test to fail.
+Currently, the flag's default value is
+**`"fast"`**.
+
+If the death test statement runs to completion without dying, the child process
+will nonetheless terminate, and the assertion fails.
+
+Note that the piece of code under test can be a compound statement, for example:
+
+```cpp
+EXPECT_DEATH({
+  int n = 5;
+  DoSomething(&n);
+}, "Error on line .* of DoSomething()");
+```
+
+### EXPECT_DEATH {#EXPECT_DEATH}
+
+`EXPECT_DEATH(`*`statement`*`,`*`matcher`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_DEATH(`*`statement`*`,`*`matcher`*`)`
+
+Verifies that *`statement`* causes the process to terminate with a nonzero exit
+status and produces `stderr` output that matches *`matcher`*.
+
+The parameter *`matcher`* is either a [matcher](matchers.md) for a `const
+std::string&`, or a regular expression (see
+[Regular Expression Syntax](../advanced.md#regular-expression-syntax))—a bare
+string *`s`* (with no matcher) is treated as
+[`ContainsRegex(s)`](matchers.md#string-matchers), **not**
+[`Eq(s)`](matchers.md#generic-comparison).
+
+For example, the following code verifies that calling `DoSomething(42)` causes
+the process to die with an error message that contains the text `My error`:
+
+```cpp
+EXPECT_DEATH(DoSomething(42), "My error");
+```
+
+### EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED {#EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED}
+
+`EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(`*`statement`*`,`*`matcher`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(`*`statement`*`,`*`matcher`*`)`
+
+If death tests are supported, behaves the same as
+[`EXPECT_DEATH`](#EXPECT_DEATH). Otherwise, verifies nothing.
+
+### EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH {#EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH}
+
+`EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH(`*`statement`*`,`*`matcher`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_DEBUG_DEATH(`*`statement`*`,`*`matcher`*`)`
+
+In debug mode, behaves the same as [`EXPECT_DEATH`](#EXPECT_DEATH). When not in
+debug mode (i.e. `NDEBUG` is defined), just executes *`statement`*.
+
+### EXPECT_EXIT {#EXPECT_EXIT}
+
+`EXPECT_EXIT(`*`statement`*`,`*`predicate`*`,`*`matcher`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_EXIT(`*`statement`*`,`*`predicate`*`,`*`matcher`*`)`
+
+Verifies that *`statement`* causes the process to terminate with an exit status
+that satisfies *`predicate`*, and produces `stderr` output that matches
+*`matcher`*.
+
+The parameter *`predicate`* is a function or functor that accepts an `int` exit
+status and returns a `bool`. GoogleTest provides two predicates to handle common
+cases:
+
+```cpp
+// Returns true if the program exited normally with the given exit status code.
+::testing::ExitedWithCode(exit_code);
+
+// Returns true if the program was killed by the given signal.
+// Not available on Windows.
+::testing::KilledBySignal(signal_number);
+```
+
+The parameter *`matcher`* is either a [matcher](matchers.md) for a `const
+std::string&`, or a regular expression (see
+[Regular Expression Syntax](../advanced.md#regular-expression-syntax))—a bare
+string *`s`* (with no matcher) is treated as
+[`ContainsRegex(s)`](matchers.md#string-matchers), **not**
+[`Eq(s)`](matchers.md#generic-comparison).
+
+For example, the following code verifies that calling `NormalExit()` causes the
+process to print a message containing the text `Success` to `stderr` and exit
+with exit status code 0:
+
+```cpp
+EXPECT_EXIT(NormalExit(), testing::ExitedWithCode(0), "Success");
+```

third_party/libgtest/docs/reference/matchers.md

@@ -0,0 +1,305 @@
+# Matchers Reference
+
+A **matcher** matches a *single* argument. You can use it inside `ON_CALL()` or
+`EXPECT_CALL()`, or use it to validate a value directly using two macros:
+
+| Macro                                | Description                           |
+| :----------------------------------- | :------------------------------------ |
+| `EXPECT_THAT(actual_value, matcher)` | Asserts that `actual_value` matches `matcher`. |
+| `ASSERT_THAT(actual_value, matcher)` | The same as `EXPECT_THAT(actual_value, matcher)`, except that it generates a **fatal** failure. |
+
+{: .callout .warning}
+**WARNING:** Equality matching via `EXPECT_THAT(actual_value, expected_value)`
+is supported, however note that implicit conversions can cause surprising
+results. For example, `EXPECT_THAT(some_bool, "some string")` will compile and
+may pass unintentionally.
+
+**BEST PRACTICE:** Prefer to make the comparison explicit via
+`EXPECT_THAT(actual_value, Eq(expected_value))` or `EXPECT_EQ(actual_value,
+expected_value)`.
+
+Built-in matchers (where `argument` is the function argument, e.g.
+`actual_value` in the example above, or when used in the context of
+`EXPECT_CALL(mock_object, method(matchers))`, the arguments of `method`) are
+divided into several categories. All matchers are defined in the `::testing`
+namespace unless otherwise noted.
+
+## Wildcard
+
+Matcher                     | Description
+:-------------------------- | :-----------------------------------------------
+`_`                         | `argument` can be any value of the correct type.
+`A<type>()` or `An<type>()` | `argument` can be any value of type `type`.
+
+## Generic Comparison
+
+| Matcher                | Description                                         |
+| :--------------------- | :-------------------------------------------------- |
+| `Eq(value)` or `value` | `argument == value`                                 |
+| `Ge(value)`            | `argument >= value`                                 |
+| `Gt(value)`            | `argument > value`                                  |
+| `Le(value)`            | `argument <= value`                                 |
+| `Lt(value)`            | `argument < value`                                  |
+| `Ne(value)`            | `argument != value`                                 |
+| `IsFalse()`            | `argument` evaluates to `false` in a Boolean context. |
+| `DistanceFrom(target, m)` | The distance between `argument` and `target` (computed by `abs(argument - target)`) matches `m`. |
+| `DistanceFrom(target, get_distance, m)` | The distance between `argument` and `target` (computed by `get_distance(argument, target)`) matches `m`. |
+| `IsTrue()`             | `argument` evaluates to `true` in a Boolean context. |
+| `IsNull()`             | `argument` is a `NULL` pointer (raw or smart).      |
+| `NotNull()`            | `argument` is a non-null pointer (raw or smart).    |
+| `Optional(m)`          | `argument` is `optional<>` that contains a value matching `m`. (For testing whether an `optional<>` is set, check for equality with `nullopt`. You may need to use `Eq(nullopt)` if the inner type doesn't have `==`.)|
+| `VariantWith<T>(m)`    | `argument` is `variant<>` that holds the alternative of type T with a value matching `m`. |
+| `Ref(variable)`        | `argument` is a reference to `variable`.            |
+| `TypedEq<type>(value)` | `argument` has type `type` and is equal to `value`. You may need to use this instead of `Eq(value)` when the mock function is overloaded. |
+
+Except `Ref()`, these matchers make a *copy* of `value` in case it's modified or
+destructed later. If the compiler complains that `value` doesn't have a public
+copy constructor, try wrap it in `std::ref()`, e.g.
+`Eq(std::ref(non_copyable_value))`. If you do that, make sure
+`non_copyable_value` is not changed afterwards, or the meaning of your matcher
+will be changed.
+
+`IsTrue` and `IsFalse` are useful when you need to use a matcher, or for types
+that can be explicitly converted to Boolean, but are not implicitly converted to
+Boolean. In other cases, you can use the basic
+[`EXPECT_TRUE` and `EXPECT_FALSE`](assertions.md#boolean) assertions.
+
+## Floating-Point Matchers {#FpMatchers}
+
+| Matcher                          | Description                        |
+| :------------------------------- | :--------------------------------- |
+| `DoubleEq(a_double)`             | `argument` is a `double` value approximately equal to `a_double`, treating two NaNs as unequal. |
+| `FloatEq(a_float)`               | `argument` is a `float` value approximately equal to `a_float`, treating two NaNs as unequal. |
+| `NanSensitiveDoubleEq(a_double)` | `argument` is a `double` value approximately equal to `a_double`, treating two NaNs as equal. |
+| `NanSensitiveFloatEq(a_float)`   | `argument` is a `float` value approximately equal to `a_float`, treating two NaNs as equal. |
+| `IsNan()`   | `argument` is any floating-point type with a NaN value. |
+
+The above matchers use ULP-based comparison (the same as used in googletest).
+They automatically pick a reasonable error bound based on the absolute value of
+the expected value. `DoubleEq()` and `FloatEq()` conform to the IEEE standard,
+which requires comparing two NaNs for equality to return false. The
+`NanSensitive*` version instead treats two NaNs as equal, which is often what a
+user wants.
+
+| Matcher                                           | Description              |
+| :------------------------------------------------ | :----------------------- |
+| `DoubleNear(a_double, max_abs_error)`             | `argument` is a `double` value close to `a_double` (absolute error <= `max_abs_error`), treating two NaNs as unequal. |
+| `FloatNear(a_float, max_abs_error)`               | `argument` is a `float` value close to `a_float` (absolute error <= `max_abs_error`), treating two NaNs as unequal. |
+| `NanSensitiveDoubleNear(a_double, max_abs_error)` | `argument` is a `double` value close to `a_double` (absolute error <= `max_abs_error`), treating two NaNs as equal. |
+| `NanSensitiveFloatNear(a_float, max_abs_error)`   | `argument` is a `float` value close to `a_float` (absolute error <= `max_abs_error`), treating two NaNs as equal. |
+
+## String Matchers
+
+The `argument` can be either a C string or a C++ string object:
+
+| Matcher                 | Description                                        |
+| :---------------------- | :------------------------------------------------- |
+| `ContainsRegex(string)`  | `argument` matches the given regular expression.  |
+| `EndsWith(suffix)`       | `argument` ends with string `suffix`.             |
+| `HasSubstr(string)`      | `argument` contains `string` as a sub-string.     |
+| `IsEmpty()`              | `argument` is an empty string.                    |
+| `MatchesRegex(string)`   | `argument` matches the given regular expression with the match starting at the first character and ending at the last character. |
+| `StartsWith(prefix)`     | `argument` starts with string `prefix`.           |
+| `StrCaseEq(string)`      | `argument` is equal to `string`, ignoring case.   |
+| `StrCaseNe(string)`      | `argument` is not equal to `string`, ignoring case. |
+| `StrEq(string)`          | `argument` is equal to `string`.                  |
+| `StrNe(string)`          | `argument` is not equal to `string`.              |
+| `WhenBase64Unescaped(m)` | `argument` is a base-64 escaped string whose unescaped string matches `m`.  The web-safe format from [RFC 4648](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4648#section-5) is supported. |
+
+`ContainsRegex()` and `MatchesRegex()` take ownership of the `RE` object. They
+use the regular expression syntax defined
+[here](../advanced.md#regular-expression-syntax). All of these matchers, except
+`ContainsRegex()` and `MatchesRegex()` work for wide strings as well.
+
+## Container Matchers
+
+Most STL-style containers support `==`, so you can use `Eq(expected_container)`
+or simply `expected_container` to match a container exactly. If you want to
+write the elements in-line, match them more flexibly, or get more informative
+messages, you can use:
+
+| Matcher                                   | Description                      |
+| :---------------------------------------- | :------------------------------- |
+| `BeginEndDistanceIs(m)` | `argument` is a container whose `begin()` and `end()` iterators are separated by a number of increments matching `m`. E.g. `BeginEndDistanceIs(2)` or `BeginEndDistanceIs(Lt(2))`. For containers that define a `size()` method, `SizeIs(m)` may be more efficient. |
+| `ContainerEq(container)` | The same as `Eq(container)` except that the failure message also includes which elements are in one container but not the other. |
+| `Contains(e)` | `argument` contains an element that matches `e`, which can be either a value or a matcher. |
+| `Contains(e).Times(n)` | `argument` contains elements that match `e`, which can be either a value or a matcher, and the number of matches is `n`, which can be either a value or a matcher. Unlike the plain `Contains` and `Each` this allows to check for arbitrary occurrences including testing for absence with `Contains(e).Times(0)`. |
+| `Each(e)` | `argument` is a container where *every* element matches `e`, which can be either a value or a matcher. |
+| `ElementsAre(e0, e1, ..., en)` | `argument` has `n + 1` elements, where the *i*-th element matches `ei`, which can be a value or a matcher. |
+| `ElementsAreArray({e0, e1, ..., en})`, `ElementsAreArray(a_container)`, `ElementsAreArray(begin, end)`, `ElementsAreArray(array)`, or `ElementsAreArray(array, count)` | The same as `ElementsAre()` except that the expected element values/matchers come from an initializer list, STL-style container, iterator range, or C-style array. |
+| `IsEmpty()` | `argument` is an empty container (`container.empty()`). |
+| `IsSubsetOf({e0, e1, ..., en})`, `IsSubsetOf(a_container)`, `IsSubsetOf(begin, end)`, `IsSubsetOf(array)`, or `IsSubsetOf(array, count)` | `argument` matches `UnorderedElementsAre(x0, x1, ..., xk)` for some subset `{x0, x1, ..., xk}` of the expected matchers. |
+| `IsSupersetOf({e0, e1, ..., en})`, `IsSupersetOf(a_container)`, `IsSupersetOf(begin, end)`, `IsSupersetOf(array)`, or `IsSupersetOf(array, count)` | Some subset of `argument` matches `UnorderedElementsAre(`expected matchers`)`. |
+| `Pointwise(m, container)`, `Pointwise(m, {e0, e1, ..., en})` | `argument` contains the same number of elements as in `container`, and for all i, (the i-th element in `argument`, the i-th element in `container`) match `m`, which is a matcher on 2-tuples. E.g. `Pointwise(Le(), upper_bounds)` verifies that each element in `argument` doesn't exceed the corresponding element in `upper_bounds`. See more detail below. |
+| `SizeIs(m)` | `argument` is a container whose size matches `m`. E.g. `SizeIs(2)` or `SizeIs(Lt(2))`. |
+| `UnorderedElementsAre(e0, e1, ..., en)` | `argument` has `n + 1` elements, and under *some* permutation of the elements, each element matches an `ei` (for a different `i`), which can be a value or a matcher. |
+| `UnorderedElementsAreArray({e0, e1, ..., en})`, `UnorderedElementsAreArray(a_container)`, `UnorderedElementsAreArray(begin, end)`, `UnorderedElementsAreArray(array)`, or `UnorderedElementsAreArray(array, count)` | The same as `UnorderedElementsAre()` except that the expected element values/matchers come from an initializer list, STL-style container, iterator range, or C-style array. |
+| `UnorderedPointwise(m, container)`, `UnorderedPointwise(m, {e0, e1, ..., en})` | Like `Pointwise(m, container)`, but ignores the order of elements. |
+| `WhenSorted(m)` | When `argument` is sorted using the `<` operator, it matches container matcher `m`. E.g. `WhenSorted(ElementsAre(1, 2, 3))` verifies that `argument` contains elements 1, 2, and 3, ignoring order. |
+| `WhenSortedBy(comparator, m)` | The same as `WhenSorted(m)`, except that the given comparator instead of `<` is used to sort `argument`. E.g. `WhenSortedBy(std::greater(), ElementsAre(3, 2, 1))`. |
+
+**Notes:**
+
+*   These matchers can also match:
+    1.  a native array passed by reference (e.g. in `Foo(const int (&a)[5])`),
+        and
+    2.  an array passed as a pointer and a count (e.g. in `Bar(const T* buffer,
+        int len)` -- see [Multi-argument Matchers](#MultiArgMatchers)).
+*   The array being matched may be multi-dimensional (i.e. its elements can be
+    arrays).
+*   `m` in `Pointwise(m, ...)` and `UnorderedPointwise(m, ...)` should be a
+    matcher for `::std::tuple<T, U>` where `T` and `U` are the element type of
+    the actual container and the expected container, respectively. For example,
+    to compare two `Foo` containers where `Foo` doesn't support `operator==`,
+    one might write:
+
+    ```cpp
+    MATCHER(FooEq, "") {
+      return std::get<0>(arg).Equals(std::get<1>(arg));
+    }
+    ...
+    EXPECT_THAT(actual_foos, Pointwise(FooEq(), expected_foos));
+    ```
+
+## Member Matchers
+
+| Matcher                         | Description                                |
+| :------------------------------ | :----------------------------------------- |
+| `Field(&class::field, m)`       | `argument.field` (or `argument->field` when `argument` is a plain pointer) matches matcher `m`, where `argument` is an object of type _class_. |
+| `Field(field_name, &class::field, m)` | The same as the two-parameter version, but provides a better error message. |
+| `Key(e)`                        | `argument.first` matches `e`, which can be either a value or a matcher. E.g. `Contains(Key(Le(5)))` can verify that a `map` contains a key `<= 5`. |
+| `Pair(m1, m2)`                  | `argument` is an `std::pair` whose `first` field matches `m1` and `second` field matches `m2`. |
+| `FieldsAre(m...)`                   | `argument` is a compatible object where each field matches piecewise with the matchers `m...`. A compatible object is any that supports the `std::tuple_size<Obj>`+`get<I>(obj)` protocol. In C++17 and up this also supports types compatible with structured bindings, like aggregates. |
+| `Property(&class::property, m)` | `argument.property()` (or `argument->property()` when `argument` is a plain pointer) matches matcher `m`, where `argument` is an object of type _class_. The method `property()` must take no argument and be declared as `const`. |
+| `Property(property_name, &class::property, m)` | The same as the two-parameter version, but provides a better error message.
+
+{: .callout .warning}
+Warning: Don't use `Property()` against member functions that you do not own,
+because taking addresses of functions is fragile and generally not part of the
+contract of the function.
+
+**Notes:**
+
+*   You can use `FieldsAre()` to match any type that supports structured
+    bindings, such as `std::tuple`, `std::pair`, `std::array`, and aggregate
+    types. For example:
+
+    ```cpp
+    std::tuple<int, std::string> my_tuple{7, "hello world"};
+    EXPECT_THAT(my_tuple, FieldsAre(Ge(0), HasSubstr("hello")));
+
+    struct MyStruct {
+      int value = 42;
+      std::string greeting = "aloha";
+    };
+    MyStruct s;
+    EXPECT_THAT(s, FieldsAre(42, "aloha"));
+    ```
+
+## Matching the Result of a Function, Functor, or Callback
+
+| Matcher          | Description                                       |
+| :--------------- | :------------------------------------------------ |
+| `ResultOf(f, m)` | `f(argument)` matches matcher `m`, where `f` is a function or functor. |
+| `ResultOf(result_description, f, m)` | The same as the two-parameter version, but provides a better error message.
+
+## Pointer Matchers
+
+| Matcher                   | Description                                     |
+| :------------------------ | :---------------------------------------------- |
+| `Address(m)`              | the result of `std::addressof(argument)` matches `m`. |
+| `Pointee(m)`              | `argument` (either a smart pointer or a raw pointer) points to a value that matches matcher `m`. |
+| `Pointer(m)`              | `argument` (either a smart pointer or a raw pointer) contains a pointer that matches `m`. `m` will match against the raw pointer regardless of the type of `argument`. |
+| `WhenDynamicCastTo<T>(m)` | when `argument` is passed through `dynamic_cast<T>()`, it matches matcher `m`. |
+
+## Multi-argument Matchers {#MultiArgMatchers}
+
+Technically, all matchers match a *single* value. A "multi-argument" matcher is
+just one that matches a *tuple*. The following matchers can be used to match a
+tuple `(x, y)`:
+
+Matcher | Description
+:------ | :----------
+`Eq()`  | `x == y`
+`Ge()`  | `x >= y`
+`Gt()`  | `x > y`
+`Le()`  | `x <= y`
+`Lt()`  | `x < y`
+`Ne()`  | `x != y`
+
+You can use the following selectors to pick a subset of the arguments (or
+reorder them) to participate in the matching:
+
+| Matcher                    | Description                                     |
+| :------------------------- | :---------------------------------------------- |
+| `AllArgs(m)`               | Equivalent to `m`. Useful as syntactic sugar in `.With(AllArgs(m))`. |
+| `Args<N1, N2, ..., Nk>(m)` | The tuple of the `k` selected (using 0-based indices) arguments matches `m`, e.g. `Args<1, 2>(Eq())`. |
+
+## Composite Matchers
+
+You can make a matcher from one or more other matchers:
+
+| Matcher                          | Description                             |
+| :------------------------------- | :-------------------------------------- |
+| `AllOf(m1, m2, ..., mn)` | `argument` matches all of the matchers `m1` to `mn`. |
+| `AllOfArray({m0, m1, ..., mn})`, `AllOfArray(a_container)`, `AllOfArray(begin, end)`, `AllOfArray(array)`, or `AllOfArray(array, count)` | The same as `AllOf()` except that the matchers come from an initializer list, STL-style container, iterator range, or C-style array. |
+| `AnyOf(m1, m2, ..., mn)` | `argument` matches at least one of the matchers `m1` to `mn`. |
+| `AnyOfArray({m0, m1, ..., mn})`, `AnyOfArray(a_container)`, `AnyOfArray(begin, end)`, `AnyOfArray(array)`, or `AnyOfArray(array, count)` | The same as `AnyOf()` except that the matchers come from an initializer list, STL-style container, iterator range, or C-style array. |
+| `Not(m)` | `argument` doesn't match matcher `m`. |
+| `Conditional(cond, m1, m2)` | Matches matcher `m1` if `cond` evaluates to true, else matches `m2`.|
+
+## Adapters for Matchers
+
+| Matcher                 | Description                           |
+| :---------------------- | :------------------------------------ |
+| `MatcherCast<T>(m)`     | casts matcher `m` to type `Matcher<T>`. |
+| `SafeMatcherCast<T>(m)` | [safely casts](../gmock_cook_book.md#SafeMatcherCast) matcher `m` to type `Matcher<T>`. |
+| `Truly(predicate)`      | `predicate(argument)` returns something considered by C++ to be true, where `predicate` is a function or functor. |
+
+`AddressSatisfies(callback)` and `Truly(callback)` take ownership of `callback`,
+which must be a permanent callback.
+
+## Using Matchers as Predicates {#MatchersAsPredicatesCheat}
+
+| Matcher                       | Description                                 |
+| :---------------------------- | :------------------------------------------ |
+| `Matches(m)(value)` | evaluates to `true` if `value` matches `m`. You can use `Matches(m)` alone as a unary functor. |
+| `ExplainMatchResult(m, value, result_listener)` | evaluates to `true` if `value` matches `m`, explaining the result to `result_listener`. |
+| `Value(value, m)` | evaluates to `true` if `value` matches `m`. |
+
+## Defining Matchers
+
+| Macro                                | Description                           |
+| :----------------------------------- | :------------------------------------ |
+| `MATCHER(IsEven, "") { return (arg % 2) == 0; }` | Defines a matcher `IsEven()` to match an even number. |
+| `MATCHER_P(IsDivisibleBy, n, "") { *result_listener << "where the remainder is " << (arg % n); return (arg % n) == 0; }` | Defines a matcher `IsDivisibleBy(n)` to match a number divisible by `n`. |
+| `MATCHER_P2(IsBetween, a, b, absl::StrCat(negation ? "isn't" : "is", " between ", PrintToString(a), " and ", PrintToString(b))) { return a <= arg && arg <= b; }` | Defines a matcher `IsBetween(a, b)` to match a value in the range [`a`, `b`]. |
+
+**Notes:**
+
+1.  The `MATCHER*` macros cannot be used inside a function or class.
+2.  The matcher body must be *purely functional* (i.e. it cannot have any side
+    effect, and the result must not depend on anything other than the value
+    being matched and the matcher parameters).
+3.  You can use `PrintToString(x)` to convert a value `x` of any type to a
+    string.
+4.  You can use `ExplainMatchResult()` in a custom matcher to wrap another
+    matcher, for example:
+
+    ```cpp
+    MATCHER_P(NestedPropertyMatches, matcher, "") {
+      return ExplainMatchResult(matcher, arg.nested().property(), result_listener);
+    }
+    ```
+
+5.  You can use `DescribeMatcher<>` to describe another matcher. For example:
+
+    ```cpp
+    MATCHER_P(XAndYThat, matcher,
+              "X that " + DescribeMatcher<int>(matcher, negation) +
+                  (negation ? " or" : " and") + " Y that " +
+                  DescribeMatcher<double>(matcher, negation)) {
+      return ExplainMatchResult(matcher, arg.x(), result_listener) &&
+             ExplainMatchResult(matcher, arg.y(), result_listener);
+    }
+    ```

third_party/libgtest/docs/reference/mocking.md

@@ -0,0 +1,588 @@
+# Mocking Reference
+
+This page lists the facilities provided by GoogleTest for creating and working
+with mock objects. To use them, add `#include <gmock/gmock.h>`.
+
+## Macros {#macros}
+
+GoogleTest defines the following macros for working with mocks.
+
+### MOCK_METHOD {#MOCK_METHOD}
+
+`MOCK_METHOD(`*`return_type`*`,`*`method_name`*`, (`*`args...`*`));` \
+`MOCK_METHOD(`*`return_type`*`,`*`method_name`*`, (`*`args...`*`),
+(`*`specs...`*`));`
+
+Defines a mock method *`method_name`* with arguments `(`*`args...`*`)` and
+return type *`return_type`* within a mock class.
+
+The parameters of `MOCK_METHOD` mirror the method declaration. The optional
+fourth parameter *`specs...`* is a comma-separated list of qualifiers. The
+following qualifiers are accepted:
+
+| Qualifier                  | Meaning                                      |
+| -------------------------- | -------------------------------------------- |
+| `const`                    | Makes the mocked method a `const` method. Required if overriding a `const` method. |
+| `override`                 | Marks the method with `override`. Recommended if overriding a `virtual` method. |
+| `noexcept`                 | Marks the method with `noexcept`. Required if overriding a `noexcept` method. |
+| `Calltype(`*`calltype`*`)` | Sets the call type for the method, for example `Calltype(STDMETHODCALLTYPE)`. Useful on Windows. |
+| `ref(`*`qualifier`*`)`     | Marks the method with the given reference qualifier, for example `ref(&)` or `ref(&&)`. Required if overriding a method that has a reference qualifier. |
+
+Note that commas in arguments prevent `MOCK_METHOD` from parsing the arguments
+correctly if they are not appropriately surrounded by parentheses. See the
+following example:
+
+```cpp
+class MyMock {
+ public:
+  // The following 2 lines will not compile due to commas in the arguments:
+  MOCK_METHOD(std::pair<bool, int>, GetPair, ());              // Error!
+  MOCK_METHOD(bool, CheckMap, (std::map<int, double>, bool));  // Error!
+
+  // One solution - wrap arguments that contain commas in parentheses:
+  MOCK_METHOD((std::pair<bool, int>), GetPair, ());
+  MOCK_METHOD(bool, CheckMap, ((std::map<int, double>), bool));
+
+  // Another solution - use type aliases:
+  using BoolAndInt = std::pair<bool, int>;
+  MOCK_METHOD(BoolAndInt, GetPair, ());
+  using MapIntDouble = std::map<int, double>;
+  MOCK_METHOD(bool, CheckMap, (MapIntDouble, bool));
+};
+```
+
+`MOCK_METHOD` must be used in the `public:` section of a mock class definition,
+regardless of whether the method being mocked is `public`, `protected`, or
+`private` in the base class.
+
+### EXPECT_CALL {#EXPECT_CALL}
+
+`EXPECT_CALL(`*`mock_object`*`,`*`method_name`*`(`*`matchers...`*`))`
+
+Creates an [expectation](../gmock_for_dummies.md#setting-expectations) that the
+method *`method_name`* of the object *`mock_object`* is called with arguments
+that match the given matchers *`matchers...`*. `EXPECT_CALL` must precede any
+code that exercises the mock object.
+
+The parameter *`matchers...`* is a comma-separated list of
+[matchers](../gmock_for_dummies.md#matchers-what-arguments-do-we-expect) that
+correspond to each argument of the method *`method_name`*. The expectation will
+apply only to calls of *`method_name`* whose arguments match all of the
+matchers. If `(`*`matchers...`*`)` is omitted, the expectation behaves as if
+each argument's matcher were a [wildcard matcher (`_`)](matchers.md#wildcard).
+See the [Matchers Reference](matchers.md) for a list of all built-in matchers.
+
+The following chainable clauses can be used to modify the expectation, and they
+must be used in the following order:
+
+```cpp
+EXPECT_CALL(mock_object, method_name(matchers...))
+    .With(multi_argument_matcher)  // Can be used at most once
+    .Times(cardinality)            // Can be used at most once
+    .InSequence(sequences...)      // Can be used any number of times
+    .After(expectations...)        // Can be used any number of times
+    .WillOnce(action)              // Can be used any number of times
+    .WillRepeatedly(action)        // Can be used at most once
+    .RetiresOnSaturation();        // Can be used at most once
+```
+
+See details for each modifier clause below.
+
+#### With {#EXPECT_CALL.With}
+
+`.With(`*`multi_argument_matcher`*`)`
+
+Restricts the expectation to apply only to mock function calls whose arguments
+as a whole match the multi-argument matcher *`multi_argument_matcher`*.
+
+GoogleTest passes all of the arguments as one tuple into the matcher. The
+parameter *`multi_argument_matcher`* must thus be a matcher of type
+`Matcher<std::tuple<A1, ..., An>>`, where `A1, ..., An` are the types of the
+function arguments.
+
+For example, the following code sets the expectation that
+`my_mock.SetPosition()` is called with any two arguments, the first argument
+being less than the second:
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::_;
+using ::testing::Lt;
+...
+EXPECT_CALL(my_mock, SetPosition(_, _))
+    .With(Lt());
+```
+
+GoogleTest provides some built-in matchers for 2-tuples, including the `Lt()`
+matcher above. See [Multi-argument Matchers](matchers.md#MultiArgMatchers).
+
+The `With` clause can be used at most once on an expectation and must be the
+first clause.
+
+#### Times {#EXPECT_CALL.Times}
+
+`.Times(`*`cardinality`*`)`
+
+Specifies how many times the mock function call is expected.
+
+The parameter *`cardinality`* represents the number of expected calls and can be
+one of the following, all defined in the `::testing` namespace:
+
+| Cardinality         | Meaning                                             |
+| ------------------- | --------------------------------------------------- |
+| `AnyNumber()`       | The function can be called any number of times.     |
+| `AtLeast(n)`        | The function call is expected at least *n* times.   |
+| `AtMost(n)`         | The function call is expected at most *n* times.    |
+| `Between(m, n)`     | The function call is expected between *m* and *n* times, inclusive. |
+| `Exactly(n)` or `n` | The function call is expected exactly *n* times. If *n* is 0, the call should never happen. |
+
+If the `Times` clause is omitted, GoogleTest infers the cardinality as follows:
+
+*   If neither [`WillOnce`](#EXPECT_CALL.WillOnce) nor
+    [`WillRepeatedly`](#EXPECT_CALL.WillRepeatedly) are specified, the inferred
+    cardinality is `Times(1)`.
+*   If there are *n* `WillOnce` clauses and no `WillRepeatedly` clause, where
+    *n* >= 1, the inferred cardinality is `Times(n)`.
+*   If there are *n* `WillOnce` clauses and one `WillRepeatedly` clause, where
+    *n* >= 0, the inferred cardinality is `Times(AtLeast(n))`.
+
+The `Times` clause can be used at most once on an expectation.
+
+#### InSequence {#EXPECT_CALL.InSequence}
+
+`.InSequence(`*`sequences...`*`)`
+
+Specifies that the mock function call is expected in a certain sequence.
+
+The parameter *`sequences...`* is any number of [`Sequence`](#Sequence) objects.
+Expected calls assigned to the same sequence are expected to occur in the order
+the expectations are declared.
+
+For example, the following code sets the expectation that the `Reset()` method
+of `my_mock` is called before both `GetSize()` and `Describe()`, and `GetSize()`
+and `Describe()` can occur in any order relative to each other:
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::Sequence;
+Sequence s1, s2;
+...
+EXPECT_CALL(my_mock, Reset())
+    .InSequence(s1, s2);
+EXPECT_CALL(my_mock, GetSize())
+    .InSequence(s1);
+EXPECT_CALL(my_mock, Describe())
+    .InSequence(s2);
+```
+
+The `InSequence` clause can be used any number of times on an expectation.
+
+See also the [`InSequence` class](#InSequence).
+
+#### After {#EXPECT_CALL.After}
+
+`.After(`*`expectations...`*`)`
+
+Specifies that the mock function call is expected to occur after one or more
+other calls.
+
+The parameter *`expectations...`* can be up to five
+[`Expectation`](#Expectation) or [`ExpectationSet`](#ExpectationSet) objects.
+The mock function call is expected to occur after all of the given expectations.
+
+For example, the following code sets the expectation that the `Describe()`
+method of `my_mock` is called only after both `InitX()` and `InitY()` have been
+called.
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::Expectation;
+...
+Expectation init_x = EXPECT_CALL(my_mock, InitX());
+Expectation init_y = EXPECT_CALL(my_mock, InitY());
+EXPECT_CALL(my_mock, Describe())
+    .After(init_x, init_y);
+```
+
+The `ExpectationSet` object is helpful when the number of prerequisites for an
+expectation is large or variable, for example:
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::ExpectationSet;
+...
+ExpectationSet all_inits;
+// Collect all expectations of InitElement() calls
+for (int i = 0; i < element_count; i++) {
+  all_inits += EXPECT_CALL(my_mock, InitElement(i));
+}
+EXPECT_CALL(my_mock, Describe())
+    .After(all_inits);  // Expect Describe() call after all InitElement() calls
+```
+
+The `After` clause can be used any number of times on an expectation.
+
+#### WillOnce {#EXPECT_CALL.WillOnce}
+
+`.WillOnce(`*`action`*`)`
+
+Specifies the mock function's actual behavior when invoked, for a single
+matching function call.
+
+The parameter *`action`* represents the
+[action](../gmock_for_dummies.md#actions-what-should-it-do) that the function
+call will perform. See the [Actions Reference](actions.md) for a list of
+built-in actions.
+
+The use of `WillOnce` implicitly sets a cardinality on the expectation when
+`Times` is not specified. See [`Times`](#EXPECT_CALL.Times).
+
+Each matching function call will perform the next action in the order declared.
+For example, the following code specifies that `my_mock.GetNumber()` is expected
+to be called exactly 3 times and will return `1`, `2`, and `3` respectively on
+the first, second, and third calls:
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::Return;
+...
+EXPECT_CALL(my_mock, GetNumber())
+    .WillOnce(Return(1))
+    .WillOnce(Return(2))
+    .WillOnce(Return(3));
+```
+
+The `WillOnce` clause can be used any number of times on an expectation. Unlike
+`WillRepeatedly`, the action fed to each `WillOnce` call will be called at most
+once, so may be a move-only type and/or have an `&&`-qualified call operator.
+
+#### WillRepeatedly {#EXPECT_CALL.WillRepeatedly}
+
+`.WillRepeatedly(`*`action`*`)`
+
+Specifies the mock function's actual behavior when invoked, for all subsequent
+matching function calls. Takes effect after the actions specified in the
+[`WillOnce`](#EXPECT_CALL.WillOnce) clauses, if any, have been performed.
+
+The parameter *`action`* represents the
+[action](../gmock_for_dummies.md#actions-what-should-it-do) that the function
+call will perform. See the [Actions Reference](actions.md) for a list of
+built-in actions.
+
+The use of `WillRepeatedly` implicitly sets a cardinality on the expectation
+when `Times` is not specified. See [`Times`](#EXPECT_CALL.Times).
+
+If any `WillOnce` clauses have been specified, matching function calls will
+perform those actions before the action specified by `WillRepeatedly`. See the
+following example:
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::Return;
+...
+EXPECT_CALL(my_mock, GetName())
+    .WillRepeatedly(Return("John Doe"));  // Return "John Doe" on all calls
+
+EXPECT_CALL(my_mock, GetNumber())
+    .WillOnce(Return(42))        // Return 42 on the first call
+    .WillRepeatedly(Return(7));  // Return 7 on all subsequent calls
+```
+
+The `WillRepeatedly` clause can be used at most once on an expectation.
+
+#### RetiresOnSaturation {#EXPECT_CALL.RetiresOnSaturation}
+
+`.RetiresOnSaturation()`
+
+Indicates that the expectation will no longer be active after the expected
+number of matching function calls has been reached.
+
+The `RetiresOnSaturation` clause is only meaningful for expectations with an
+upper-bounded cardinality. The expectation will *retire* (no longer match any
+function calls) after it has been *saturated* (the upper bound has been
+reached). See the following example:
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::_;
+using ::testing::AnyNumber;
+...
+EXPECT_CALL(my_mock, SetNumber(_))  // Expectation 1
+    .Times(AnyNumber());
+EXPECT_CALL(my_mock, SetNumber(7))  // Expectation 2
+    .Times(2)
+    .RetiresOnSaturation();
+```
+
+In the above example, the first two calls to `my_mock.SetNumber(7)` match
+expectation 2, which then becomes inactive and no longer matches any calls. A
+third call to `my_mock.SetNumber(7)` would then match expectation 1. Without
+`RetiresOnSaturation()` on expectation 2, a third call to `my_mock.SetNumber(7)`
+would match expectation 2 again, producing a failure since the limit of 2 calls
+was exceeded.
+
+The `RetiresOnSaturation` clause can be used at most once on an expectation and
+must be the last clause.
+
+### ON_CALL {#ON_CALL}
+
+`ON_CALL(`*`mock_object`*`,`*`method_name`*`(`*`matchers...`*`))`
+
+Defines what happens when the method *`method_name`* of the object
+*`mock_object`* is called with arguments that match the given matchers
+*`matchers...`*. Requires a modifier clause to specify the method's behavior.
+*Does not* set any expectations that the method will be called.
+
+The parameter *`matchers...`* is a comma-separated list of
+[matchers](../gmock_for_dummies.md#matchers-what-arguments-do-we-expect) that
+correspond to each argument of the method *`method_name`*. The `ON_CALL`
+specification will apply only to calls of *`method_name`* whose arguments match
+all of the matchers. If `(`*`matchers...`*`)` is omitted, the behavior is as if
+each argument's matcher were a [wildcard matcher (`_`)](matchers.md#wildcard).
+See the [Matchers Reference](matchers.md) for a list of all built-in matchers.
+
+The following chainable clauses can be used to set the method's behavior, and
+they must be used in the following order:
+
+```cpp
+ON_CALL(mock_object, method_name(matchers...))
+    .With(multi_argument_matcher)  // Can be used at most once
+    .WillByDefault(action);        // Required
+```
+
+See details for each modifier clause below.
+
+#### With {#ON_CALL.With}
+
+`.With(`*`multi_argument_matcher`*`)`
+
+Restricts the specification to only mock function calls whose arguments as a
+whole match the multi-argument matcher *`multi_argument_matcher`*.
+
+GoogleTest passes all of the arguments as one tuple into the matcher. The
+parameter *`multi_argument_matcher`* must thus be a matcher of type
+`Matcher<std::tuple<A1, ..., An>>`, where `A1, ..., An` are the types of the
+function arguments.
+
+For example, the following code sets the default behavior when
+`my_mock.SetPosition()` is called with any two arguments, the first argument
+being less than the second:
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::_;
+using ::testing::Lt;
+using ::testing::Return;
+...
+ON_CALL(my_mock, SetPosition(_, _))
+    .With(Lt())
+    .WillByDefault(Return(true));
+```
+
+GoogleTest provides some built-in matchers for 2-tuples, including the `Lt()`
+matcher above. See [Multi-argument Matchers](matchers.md#MultiArgMatchers).
+
+The `With` clause can be used at most once with each `ON_CALL` statement.
+
+#### WillByDefault {#ON_CALL.WillByDefault}
+
+`.WillByDefault(`*`action`*`)`
+
+Specifies the default behavior of a matching mock function call.
+
+The parameter *`action`* represents the
+[action](../gmock_for_dummies.md#actions-what-should-it-do) that the function
+call will perform. See the [Actions Reference](actions.md) for a list of
+built-in actions.
+
+For example, the following code specifies that by default, a call to
+`my_mock.Greet()` will return `"hello"`:
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::Return;
+...
+ON_CALL(my_mock, Greet())
+    .WillByDefault(Return("hello"));
+```
+
+The action specified by `WillByDefault` is superseded by the actions specified
+on a matching `EXPECT_CALL` statement, if any. See the
+[`WillOnce`](#EXPECT_CALL.WillOnce) and
+[`WillRepeatedly`](#EXPECT_CALL.WillRepeatedly) clauses of `EXPECT_CALL`.
+
+The `WillByDefault` clause must be used exactly once with each `ON_CALL`
+statement.
+
+## Classes {#classes}
+
+GoogleTest defines the following classes for working with mocks.
+
+### DefaultValue {#DefaultValue}
+
+`::testing::DefaultValue<T>`
+
+Allows a user to specify the default value for a type `T` that is both copyable
+and publicly destructible (i.e. anything that can be used as a function return
+type). For mock functions with a return type of `T`, this default value is
+returned from function calls that do not specify an action.
+
+Provides the static methods `Set()`, `SetFactory()`, and `Clear()` to manage the
+default value:
+
+```cpp
+// Sets the default value to be returned. T must be copy constructible.
+DefaultValue<T>::Set(value);
+
+// Sets a factory. Will be invoked on demand. T must be move constructible.
+T MakeT();
+DefaultValue<T>::SetFactory(&MakeT);
+
+// Unsets the default value.
+DefaultValue<T>::Clear();
+```
+
+### NiceMock {#NiceMock}
+
+`::testing::NiceMock<T>`
+
+Represents a mock object that suppresses warnings on
+[uninteresting calls](../gmock_cook_book.md#uninteresting-vs-unexpected). The
+template parameter `T` is any mock class, except for another `NiceMock`,
+`NaggyMock`, or `StrictMock`.
+
+Usage of `NiceMock<T>` is analogous to usage of `T`. `NiceMock<T>` is a subclass
+of `T`, so it can be used wherever an object of type `T` is accepted. In
+addition, `NiceMock<T>` can be constructed with any arguments that a constructor
+of `T` accepts.
+
+For example, the following code suppresses warnings on the mock `my_mock` of
+type `MockClass` if a method other than `DoSomething()` is called:
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::NiceMock;
+...
+NiceMock<MockClass> my_mock("some", "args");
+EXPECT_CALL(my_mock, DoSomething());
+... code that uses my_mock ...
+```
+
+`NiceMock<T>` only works for mock methods defined using the `MOCK_METHOD` macro
+directly in the definition of class `T`. If a mock method is defined in a base
+class of `T`, a warning might still be generated.
+
+`NiceMock<T>` might not work correctly if the destructor of `T` is not virtual.
+
+### NaggyMock {#NaggyMock}
+
+`::testing::NaggyMock<T>`
+
+Represents a mock object that generates warnings on
+[uninteresting calls](../gmock_cook_book.md#uninteresting-vs-unexpected). The
+template parameter `T` is any mock class, except for another `NiceMock`,
+`NaggyMock`, or `StrictMock`.
+
+Usage of `NaggyMock<T>` is analogous to usage of `T`. `NaggyMock<T>` is a
+subclass of `T`, so it can be used wherever an object of type `T` is accepted.
+In addition, `NaggyMock<T>` can be constructed with any arguments that a
+constructor of `T` accepts.
+
+For example, the following code generates warnings on the mock `my_mock` of type
+`MockClass` if a method other than `DoSomething()` is called:
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::NaggyMock;
+...
+NaggyMock<MockClass> my_mock("some", "args");
+EXPECT_CALL(my_mock, DoSomething());
+... code that uses my_mock ...
+```
+
+Mock objects of type `T` by default behave the same way as `NaggyMock<T>`.
+
+### StrictMock {#StrictMock}
+
+`::testing::StrictMock<T>`
+
+Represents a mock object that generates test failures on
+[uninteresting calls](../gmock_cook_book.md#uninteresting-vs-unexpected). The
+template parameter `T` is any mock class, except for another `NiceMock`,
+`NaggyMock`, or `StrictMock`.
+
+Usage of `StrictMock<T>` is analogous to usage of `T`. `StrictMock<T>` is a
+subclass of `T`, so it can be used wherever an object of type `T` is accepted.
+In addition, `StrictMock<T>` can be constructed with any arguments that a
+constructor of `T` accepts.
+
+For example, the following code generates a test failure on the mock `my_mock`
+of type `MockClass` if a method other than `DoSomething()` is called:
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::StrictMock;
+...
+StrictMock<MockClass> my_mock("some", "args");
+EXPECT_CALL(my_mock, DoSomething());
+... code that uses my_mock ...
+```
+
+`StrictMock<T>` only works for mock methods defined using the `MOCK_METHOD`
+macro directly in the definition of class `T`. If a mock method is defined in a
+base class of `T`, a failure might not be generated.
+
+`StrictMock<T>` might not work correctly if the destructor of `T` is not
+virtual.
+
+### Sequence {#Sequence}
+
+`::testing::Sequence`
+
+Represents a chronological sequence of expectations. See the
+[`InSequence`](#EXPECT_CALL.InSequence) clause of `EXPECT_CALL` for usage.
+
+### InSequence {#InSequence}
+
+`::testing::InSequence`
+
+An object of this type causes all expectations encountered in its scope to be
+put in an anonymous sequence.
+
+This allows more convenient expression of multiple expectations in a single
+sequence:
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::InSequence;
+{
+  InSequence seq;
+
+  // The following are expected to occur in the order declared.
+  EXPECT_CALL(...);
+  EXPECT_CALL(...);
+  ...
+  EXPECT_CALL(...);
+}
+```
+
+The name of the `InSequence` object does not matter.
+
+### Expectation {#Expectation}
+
+`::testing::Expectation`
+
+Represents a mock function call expectation as created by
+[`EXPECT_CALL`](#EXPECT_CALL):
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::Expectation;
+Expectation my_expectation = EXPECT_CALL(...);
+```
+
+Useful for specifying sequences of expectations; see the
+[`After`](#EXPECT_CALL.After) clause of `EXPECT_CALL`.
+
+### ExpectationSet {#ExpectationSet}
+
+`::testing::ExpectationSet`
+
+Represents a set of mock function call expectations.
+
+Use the `+=` operator to add [`Expectation`](#Expectation) objects to the set:
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::ExpectationSet;
+ExpectationSet my_expectations;
+my_expectations += EXPECT_CALL(...);
+```
+
+Useful for specifying sequences of expectations; see the
+[`After`](#EXPECT_CALL.After) clause of `EXPECT_CALL`.

third_party/libgtest/docs/samples.md

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-# Googletest Samples {#samples}
+# Googletest Samples
 
 If you're like us, you'd like to look at
-[googletest samples.](https://github.com/google/googletest/tree/master/googletest/samples)
+[googletest samples.](https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/main/googletest/samples)
 The sample directory has a number of well-commented samples showing how to use a
 variety of googletest features.
 

third_party/libgtest/fake_fuchsia_sdk.bzl

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+"""Provides a fake @fuchsia_sdk implementation that's used when the real one isn't available.
+
+GoogleTest can be used with the [Fuchsia](https://fuchsia.dev/) SDK. However,
+because the Fuchsia SDK does not yet support bzlmod, GoogleTest's `MODULE.bazel`
+file by default provides a "fake" Fuchsia SDK.
+
+To override this and use the real Fuchsia SDK, you can add the following to your
+project's `MODULE.bazel` file:
+
+    fake_fuchsia_sdk_extension =
+    use_extension("@com_google_googletest//:fake_fuchsia_sdk.bzl", "fuchsia_sdk")
+    override_repo(fake_fuchsia_sdk_extension, "fuchsia_sdk")
+
+NOTE: The `override_repo` built-in is only available in Bazel 8.0 and higher.
+
+See https://github.com/google/googletest/issues/4472 for more details of why the
+fake Fuchsia SDK is needed.
+"""
+
+def _fake_fuchsia_sdk_impl(repo_ctx):
+    for stub_target in repo_ctx.attr._stub_build_targets:
+        stub_package = stub_target
+        stub_target_name = stub_target.split("/")[-1]
+        repo_ctx.file("%s/BUILD.bazel" % stub_package, """
+filegroup(
+    name = "%s",
+)
+""" % stub_target_name)
+
+fake_fuchsia_sdk = repository_rule(
+    doc = "Used to create a fake @fuchsia_sdk repository with stub build targets.",
+    implementation = _fake_fuchsia_sdk_impl,
+    attrs = {
+        "_stub_build_targets": attr.string_list(
+            doc = "The stub build targets to initialize.",
+            default = [
+                "pkg/fdio",
+                "pkg/syslog",
+                "pkg/zx",
+            ],
+        ),
+    },
+)
+
+_create_fake = tag_class()
+
+def _fuchsia_sdk_impl(module_ctx):
+    create_fake_sdk = False
+    for mod in module_ctx.modules:
+        for _ in mod.tags.create_fake:
+            create_fake_sdk = True
+
+    if create_fake_sdk:
+        fake_fuchsia_sdk(name = "fuchsia_sdk")
+
+    return module_ctx.extension_metadata(reproducible = True)
+
+fuchsia_sdk = module_extension(
+    implementation = _fuchsia_sdk_impl,
+    tag_classes = {"create_fake": _create_fake},
+)

third_party/libgtest/googlemock/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 # CMake build script for Google Mock.
 #
 # To run the tests for Google Mock itself on Linux, use 'make test' or
-# ctest.  You can select which tests to run using 'ctest -R regex'.
+# ctest. You can select which tests to run using 'ctest -R regex'.
 # For more options, run 'ctest --help'.
 
 option(gmock_build_tests "Build all of Google Mock's own tests." OFF)
@@ -36,20 +36,15 @@ endif()
 # as ${gmock_SOURCE_DIR} and to the root binary directory as
 # ${gmock_BINARY_DIR}.
 # Language "C" is required for find_package(Threads).
-if (CMAKE_VERSION VERSION_LESS 3.0)
-  project(gmock CXX C)
-else()
-  cmake_policy(SET CMP0048 NEW)
-  project(gmock VERSION ${GOOGLETEST_VERSION} LANGUAGES CXX C)
-endif()
-cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.6.4)
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.13)
+project(gmock VERSION ${GOOGLETEST_VERSION} LANGUAGES CXX C)
 
 if (COMMAND set_up_hermetic_build)
   set_up_hermetic_build()
 endif()
 
 # Instructs CMake to process Google Test's CMakeLists.txt and add its
-# targets to the current scope.  We are placing Google Test's binary
+# targets to the current scope. We are placing Google Test's binary
 # directory in a subdirectory of our own as VC compilation may break
 # if they are the same (the default).
 add_subdirectory("${gtest_dir}" "${gmock_BINARY_DIR}/${gtest_dir}")
@@ -65,25 +60,26 @@ else()
 endif()
 
 # Although Google Test's CMakeLists.txt calls this function, the
-# changes there don't affect the current scope.  Therefore we have to
+# changes there don't affect the current scope. Therefore we have to
 # call it again here.
-config_compiler_and_linker()  # from ${gtest_dir}/cmake/internal_utils.cmake
+config_compiler_and_linker() # from ${gtest_dir}/cmake/internal_utils.cmake
 
 # Adds Google Mock's and Google Test's header directories to the search path.
+# Get Google Test's include dirs from the target, gtest_SOURCE_DIR is broken
+# when using fetch-content with the name "GTest".
+get_target_property(gtest_include_dirs gtest INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES)
 set(gmock_build_include_dirs
   "${gmock_SOURCE_DIR}/include"
   "${gmock_SOURCE_DIR}"
-  "${gtest_SOURCE_DIR}/include"
-  # This directory is needed to build directly from Google Test sources.
-  "${gtest_SOURCE_DIR}")
+  "${gtest_include_dirs}")
 include_directories(${gmock_build_include_dirs})
 
 ########################################################################
 #
-# Defines the gmock & gmock_main libraries.  User tests should link
+# Defines the gmock & gmock_main libraries. User tests should link
 # with one of them.
 
-# Google Mock libraries.  We build them using more strict warnings than what
+# Google Mock libraries. We build them using more strict warnings than what
 # are used for other targets, to ensure that Google Mock can be compiled by
 # a user aggressive about warnings.
 if (MSVC)
@@ -100,24 +96,23 @@ if (MSVC)
 else()
   cxx_library(gmock "${cxx_strict}" src/gmock-all.cc)
   target_link_libraries(gmock PUBLIC gtest)
+  set_target_properties(gmock PROPERTIES VERSION ${GOOGLETEST_VERSION})
   cxx_library(gmock_main "${cxx_strict}" src/gmock_main.cc)
   target_link_libraries(gmock_main PUBLIC gmock)
+  set_target_properties(gmock_main PROPERTIES VERSION ${GOOGLETEST_VERSION})
 endif()
-# If the CMake version supports it, attach header directory information
-# to the targets for when we are part of a parent build (ie being pulled
-# in via add_subdirectory() rather than being a standalone build).
-if (DEFINED CMAKE_VERSION AND NOT "${CMAKE_VERSION}" VERSION_LESS "2.8.11")
-  target_include_directories(gmock SYSTEM INTERFACE
-    "$<BUILD_INTERFACE:${gmock_build_include_dirs}>"
-    "$<INSTALL_INTERFACE:$<INSTALL_PREFIX>/${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR}>")
-  target_include_directories(gmock_main SYSTEM INTERFACE
-    "$<BUILD_INTERFACE:${gmock_build_include_dirs}>"
-    "$<INSTALL_INTERFACE:$<INSTALL_PREFIX>/${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR}>")
-endif()
+
+string(REPLACE ";" "$<SEMICOLON>" dirs "${gmock_build_include_dirs}")
+target_include_directories(gmock SYSTEM INTERFACE
+  "$<BUILD_INTERFACE:${dirs}>"
+  "$<INSTALL_INTERFACE:$<INSTALL_PREFIX>/${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR}>")
+target_include_directories(gmock_main SYSTEM INTERFACE
+  "$<BUILD_INTERFACE:${dirs}>"
+  "$<INSTALL_INTERFACE:$<INSTALL_PREFIX>/${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR}>")
 
 ########################################################################
 #
-# Install rules
+# Install rules.
 install_project(gmock gmock_main)
 
 ########################################################################
@@ -127,8 +122,8 @@ install_project(gmock gmock_main)
 # You can skip this section if you aren't interested in testing
 # Google Mock itself.
 #
-# The tests are not built by default.  To build them, set the
-# gmock_build_tests option to ON.  You can do it by running ccmake
+# The tests are not built by default. To build them, set the
+# gmock_build_tests option to ON. You can do it by running ccmake
 # or specifying the -Dgmock_build_tests=ON flag when running cmake.
 
 if (gmock_build_tests)
@@ -136,26 +131,8 @@ if (gmock_build_tests)
   # 'make test' or ctest.
   enable_testing()
 
-  if (WIN32)
-    file(GENERATE OUTPUT "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/$<CONFIG>/RunTest.ps1"
-         CONTENT
-"$project_bin = \"${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin/$<CONFIG>\"
-$env:Path = \"$project_bin;$env:Path\"
-& $args")
-  elseif (MINGW OR CYGWIN)
-    file(GENERATE OUTPUT "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/RunTest.ps1"
-         CONTENT
-"$project_bin = (cygpath --windows ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin)
-$env:Path = \"$project_bin;$env:Path\"
-& $args")
-  endif()
-
   if (MINGW OR CYGWIN)
-    if (CMAKE_VERSION VERSION_LESS "2.8.12")
-      add_compile_options("-Wa,-mbig-obj")
-    else()
-      add_definitions("-Wa,-mbig-obj")
-    endif()
+    add_compile_options("-Wa,-mbig-obj")
   endif()
 
   ############################################################
@@ -165,11 +142,11 @@ $env:Path = \"$project_bin;$env:Path\"
   cxx_test(gmock-cardinalities_test gmock_main)
   cxx_test(gmock_ex_test gmock_main)
   cxx_test(gmock-function-mocker_test gmock_main)
-  cxx_test(gmock-generated-actions_test gmock_main)
-  cxx_test(gmock-generated-function-mockers_test gmock_main)
-  cxx_test(gmock-generated-matchers_test gmock_main)
   cxx_test(gmock-internal-utils_test gmock_main)
-  cxx_test(gmock-matchers_test gmock_main)
+  cxx_test(gmock-matchers-arithmetic_test gmock_main)
+  cxx_test(gmock-matchers-comparisons_test gmock_main)
+  cxx_test(gmock-matchers-containers_test gmock_main)
+  cxx_test(gmock-matchers-misc_test gmock_main)
   cxx_test(gmock-more-actions_test gmock_main)
   cxx_test(gmock-nice-strict_test gmock_main)
   cxx_test(gmock-port_test gmock_main)
@@ -211,7 +188,7 @@ $env:Path = \"$project_bin;$env:Path\"
   cxx_shared_library(shared_gmock_main "${cxx_default}"
     "${gtest_dir}/src/gtest-all.cc" src/gmock-all.cc src/gmock_main.cc)
 
-  # Tests that a binary can be built with Google Mock as a shared library.  On
+  # Tests that a binary can be built with Google Mock as a shared library. On
   # some system configurations, it may not possible to run the binary without
   # knowing more details about the system configurations. We do not try to run
   # this binary. To get a more robust shared library coverage, configure with

third_party/libgtest/googlemock/CONTRIBUTORS

@@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
-# This file contains a list of people who've made non-trivial
-# contribution to the Google C++ Mocking Framework project.  People
-# who commit code to the project are encouraged to add their names
-# here.  Please keep the list sorted by first names.
-
-Benoit Sigoure <tsuna@google.com>
-Bogdan Piloca <boo@google.com>
-Chandler Carruth <chandlerc@google.com>
-Dave MacLachlan <dmaclach@gmail.com>
-David Anderson <danderson@google.com>
-Dean Sturtevant
-Gene Volovich <gv@cite.com>
-Hal Burch <gmock@hburch.com>
-Jeffrey Yasskin <jyasskin@google.com>
-Jim Keller <jimkeller@google.com>
-Joe Walnes <joe@truemesh.com>
-Jon Wray <jwray@google.com>
-Keir Mierle <mierle@gmail.com>
-Keith Ray <keith.ray@gmail.com>
-Kostya Serebryany <kcc@google.com>
-Lev Makhlis
-Manuel Klimek <klimek@google.com>
-Mario Tanev <radix@google.com>
-Mark Paskin
-Markus Heule <markus.heule@gmail.com>
-Matthew Simmons <simmonmt@acm.org>
-Mike Bland <mbland@google.com>
-Neal Norwitz <nnorwitz@gmail.com>
-Nermin Ozkiranartli <nermin@google.com>
-Owen Carlsen <ocarlsen@google.com>
-Paneendra Ba <paneendra@google.com>
-Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
-Piotr Kaminski <piotrk@google.com>
-Russ Rufer <russ@pentad.com>
-Sverre Sundsdal <sundsdal@gmail.com>
-Takeshi Yoshino <tyoshino@google.com>
-Vadim Berman <vadimb@google.com>
-Vlad Losev <vladl@google.com>
-Wolfgang Klier <wklier@google.com>
-Zhanyong Wan <wan@google.com>